影院售票系統-----一個讓你有成就感的小項目，只有一丟丟哦

先來點廢話，剛拿到這個項目的時候你是怎么想的，上來就悶頭寫，還是構想思路......

  項目需求：

    影院售票系統可以銷售每天不同時段的電影票，不同時段的電影票有不同的優惠政策，還有使用兌換券的免費票。選擇某個時段的一場電影，

    單擊放映廳未售出的座位並選擇一個種類的電影票，創建電影票，計算價格並打印，座位設置為紅色表示已經售出。

  思想：

   使用面向對象思想編寫影院售票系統

  看完這個你有沒有點思路呢，我想你是有的 ......

下面先來點圖片，先刺激一下視覺：

 窗體搭建：

  

   程序運行時發生的，來看清楚了：

   

   是不是該選擇你要看的電影列表了

  

  好了，該你選擇電影了，

 

   挑選你喜歡的座位:

  

  掏錢吧，要不你選擇的就是別人的了

  

   這個座位是你的了，還想看別的么？

  

  選擇贈票吧，免費的：

  

   再來張學生票：

 

 

   這樣看是不是特別不爽，我感覺也是，看圖片沒感覺，接下來代碼吧！

   先把我們所需要的幾個類創建出來吧！

 

 /// <summary>
    /// 電影票父類
    /// </summary>
    public  class Ticket
    {
        public Ticket()
        {
            
        }
        public Ticket(ScheduleItem scheduleItem, Seat seat)
        {
            ScheduleItem = scheduleItem;
            Seat = seat;
        }

        //播放場次
        public ScheduleItem ScheduleItem { get; set; }
        //所屬座位對象
        public Seat Seat { get; set; }
        //票價
        public int Price { get; set; }

        //計算票價的虛方法
        public virtual void CalcPrice()
        {
            Price =ScheduleItem.Movie.Price;
        }

        //打印售票信息的虛方法
        public virtual void Print()
        {
            string fileName = ScheduleItem.Time.Replace(":", "-") + " " + Seat.SeatNum + ".txt";
            FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create);
            StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs);
            sw.WriteLine("***************************");
            sw.WriteLine("      青鳥影院(普通)     ");
            sw.WriteLine("---------------------------");
            sw.WriteLine(" 電影名：\t{0}", ScheduleItem.Movie.MovieName);
            sw.WriteLine(" 時間：  \t{0}", ScheduleItem.Time);
            sw.WriteLine(" 座位號：\t{0}", Seat.SeatNum);
            sw.WriteLine(" 價格：  \t{0}", Price.ToString());
            sw.WriteLine("***************************");
            sw.Close();
            fs.Close();
        }

        //顯示當前售出票信息的虛方法
        public virtual void Show()
        {
            MessageBox.Show("已售出");
        }
    }

 /// <summary>
    /// 學生票子類
    /// </summary>
    public class StudentTicket : Ticket
    {
        //折扣
        public int Discount { get; set; }

        public StudentTicket()
        {

        }
        public StudentTicket(ScheduleItem scheduleItem, Seat seat, int discount)
            : base(scheduleItem, seat)
        {
            Discount = discount;
        }

        //重寫計算票價的方法
        public override void CalcPrice()
        {
            Price = ScheduleItem.Movie.Price * Discount / 10;
        }
        //重寫打印售票信息的方法
        public override void Print()
        {
            string fileName = ScheduleItem.Time.Replace(":", "-") + " " + Seat.SeatNum + ".txt";
            FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create);
            StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs);
            sw.WriteLine("***************************");
            sw.WriteLine("     青鳥影院 (學生)    ");
            sw.WriteLine("---------------------------");
            sw.WriteLine(" 電影名：\t{0}", ScheduleItem.Movie.MovieName);
            sw.WriteLine(" 時間：  \t{0}", ScheduleItem.Time);
            sw.WriteLine(" 座位號：\t{0}", Seat.SeatNum);
            sw.WriteLine(" 價格：  \t{0}", Price.ToString());
            sw.WriteLine("***************************");
            sw.Close();
            fs.Close();
        }
        //重寫當前顯示出售票信息的方法
        public override void Show()
        {
            MessageBox.Show("已售出!\n\n " + Discount + "折學生票!");
        }
    }

 /// <summary>
    /// 贈票類
    /// </summary>
    public class FreeTicket : Ticket
    {
        public FreeTicket()
        {

        }
        public FreeTicket(ScheduleItem scheduleItem, Seat seat, string customerName) : base(scheduleItem, seat)
        {
            CustomerName = customerName;
        }

        //贈票者名字
        public string CustomerName { get; set; }
        //重寫計算票價的方法
        public override void CalcPrice()
        {
            Price = 0;
        }
        //重寫打印售票信息的方法
        public override void Print()
        {
            string fileName = ScheduleItem.Time.Replace(":", "-") + " " + Seat.SeatNum + ".txt";
            FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create);
            StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs);
            sw.WriteLine("***************************");
            sw.WriteLine("     青鳥影院 (贈票)");
            sw.WriteLine("---------------------------");
            sw.WriteLine(" 電影名：\t{0}", ScheduleItem.Movie.MovieName);
            sw.WriteLine(" 時間：  \t{0}", ScheduleItem.Time);
            sw.WriteLine(" 座位號：\t{0}", Seat.SeatNum);
            sw.WriteLine(" 姓名：  \t{0}", CustomerName);
            sw.WriteLine("***************************");
            sw.Close();
            fs.Close();
        }
        //重寫當前顯示出售票信息的方法
        public override void Show()
        {
            MessageBox.Show("已售出!\n\n 贈送者：" + CustomerName);
        }
    }

 /// <summary>
    /// 座位信息類
    /// </summary>
   public class Seat
    {
        //座位號
        public string SeatNum { get; set; }
        //賣出座位顏色
        public Color Color { get; set; }

        public Seat()
        {

        }

        public Seat(string seatNum,System.Drawing.Color color)
        {
            this.SeatNum = seatNum;
            this.Color = color;
        }

    }

/// <summary>
    /// 保存放映計划信息類
    /// </summary>
   public class ScheduleItem
    {

        public ScheduleItem()
        {
            Movie = new Movie();
        }
        //播放時間
        public string Time { get; set; }
        //播放電影屬性
        public Movie Movie { get; set; }
    }

/// <summary>
    /// 放映計划類
    /// </summary>
   public class Schedule
    {

        public Schedule()
        {
            items = new Dictionary<string, ScheduleItem>();
        }
        //放映場次
        private Dictionary<string, ScheduleItem> items;

        public Dictionary<string, ScheduleItem> Items
        {
            get
            {
                return items;
            }

            set
            {
                items = value;
            }
        }



        //讀取Xml文件的方法
        public void LoadItems()
        {
            XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
            doc.Load("ShowList.xml");
            XmlNode root=doc.DocumentElement;
            foreach (XmlNode item in root.ChildNodes)
            {
                 foreach (XmlNode child in item["Schedule"])
                {
                    ScheduleItem sch = new ScheduleItem();
                    sch.Movie.MovieName = item["Name"].InnerText;
                    sch.Movie.Poster = item["Poster"].InnerText;
                    sch.Movie.Director = item["Director"].InnerText;
                    sch.Movie.Price = Convert.ToInt32(item["Price"].InnerText);
                    sch.Movie.Actor = item["Actor"].InnerText;
                    sch.Movie.MovieType = (MovieType)Enum.Parse(typeof(MovieType), item["Type"].InnerText);
                    sch.Time = child.InnerText;
                    items.Add(sch.Time, sch);
                }  
            }
        }
    }

/// <summary>
    /// 電影類
    /// </summary>
  public class Movie
    {
       
        //電影名
        public string MovieName { get; set; }
        //海報圖片名
        public string  Poster { get; set; }
        //導演名
        public string Director { get; set; }
        //主演
        public string Actor { get; set; }
        //電影類型
        public MovieType MovieType { get; set; }
        //定價
        public int Price { get; set; }

        public Movie()
        {

        }
      
        public Movie(string movieName, string poster, string director, string actor, MovieType movieType, int price)
        {
           MovieName = movieName;
           Poster = poster;
           Director = director;
           Actor = actor;
           MovieType = movieType;
           Price = price;
        }

    }
       public enum MovieType
        {
        //喜劇
        Comedy,
        //戰爭
        War,
        //愛情
        Romance,
        //動作
        Action,
        //卡通
        Cartoon,
        //恐怖
        Thriller,
        //冒險
        Adventure
    }

/// <summary>
    /// 影院類
    /// </summary>
   public class Cinema
    {
        public Cinema()
        {
         
            Seats = new Dictionary<string, Seat>();
            SoldTickets = new List<Ticket>();
            Schedule = new Schedule();
        }
        //座位集合
        public Dictionary<string,Seat> Seats { get; set; }
        //放映計划
        public Schedule Schedule { get; set; }
        //已出售電影票的集合
        public List<Ticket> SoldTickets { get; set; }
        //保存售票信息的方法
        public void Say()
        {
            FileStream fs = new FileStream("soldTickets.txt", FileMode.OpenOrCreate);
            StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(fs, Encoding.Default);
            for (int index = 0; index < SoldTickets.Count; index++)
            {
                Ticket ticket = SoldTickets[index];
                string info = "|" + ticket.ScheduleItem.Movie.MovieName + "|" + ticket.ScheduleItem.Movie.Poster + "|" +
                    ticket.ScheduleItem.Movie.Director + "|" + ticket.ScheduleItem.Movie.Actor + "|" + ticket.ScheduleItem.Movie.MovieType.ToString() + "|" +
                    ticket.ScheduleItem.Movie.Price + "|" + ticket.ScheduleItem.Time + "|" + ticket.Seat.SeatNum + "|" + ticket.Seat.Color + "|" + ticket.Price + "|";
                if (ticket is FreeTicket)
                {
                    string customerName = ((FreeTicket)ticket).CustomerName;
                    writer.WriteLine("free" + info + customerName);
                }
                else if (ticket is StudentTicket)
                {

                    writer.WriteLine("student" + info + "");
                }
                else
                {
                    writer.WriteLine("" + info + "");
                }
            }
            writer.WriteLine("The End");
            writer.Close();
            fs.Close();
        }
        //讀取售票信息的方法
        public void Load()
        {
            try
            {
                //創建一個讀取對象                       //路徑             //轉換格式
                StreamReader reader = new StreamReader("soldTickets.txt", Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312"));
                string line = reader.ReadLine();
                //聲明一個數組 存儲 soldTickets.txt 的數據
                string[] values;
                //聲明一個電影票對象
                Ticket ticket = null;

                while (line.Trim() != "The End")
                {
                    values = line.Split('|');
                    string type = values[0];

                    Movie movie = new Movie(values[1], values[2], values[3], values[4], (MovieType)Enum.Parse(typeof(MovieType), values[5]), int.Parse(values[6]));
                    ScheduleItem scheduleItem = new ScheduleItem();
                    scheduleItem.Time = values[7];
                    scheduleItem.Movie = movie;
                    string color = values[9];
                    string endColor = color.Substring(color.IndexOf("[") + 1, color.Length - 1 - color.IndexOf("[") - 1);
                    Seat seat = new Seat(values[8], Color.FromName(endColor));

                    int discount = 10;
                    switch (type)
                    {
                        case "student":
                            discount = 7;
                            ticket = TicketUtil.CreateTicket(scheduleItem, seat, discount, "", type);
                            break;
                        case "free":
                            discount = 0;
                            ticket = TicketUtil.CreateTicket(scheduleItem, seat, discount, values[11], type);
                            break;
                        default:
                            discount = 10;
                            ticket = TicketUtil.CreateTicket(scheduleItem, seat, discount, "", "");
                            break;
                    }


                    this.SoldTickets.Add(ticket);
                    line = reader.ReadLine();
                }
                reader.Close();


            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("出錯了:" + ex.Message);
                SoldTickets = new List<Ticket>();
            }
        }
    }

/// <summary>
    /// 工具類
    /// </summary>
   public  class TicketUtil
    {
        public static Ticket CreateTicket(ScheduleItem scheduleItem, Seat seat,
             int discount, string customerName, string type)
        {
            Ticket ticket = null;
            switch (type)
            {
                case "student":
                    ticket = new StudentTicket(scheduleItem, seat, discount);
                    break;
                case "free":
                    ticket = new FreeTicket(scheduleItem, seat, customerName);
                    break;
                case "putong":
                    ticket = new Ticket(scheduleItem, seat);
                    break;
            }
            return ticket;
        }
    }

  我去，這么多類，你有沒有這個感覺，反正我是有的，這些類的創建不是瞎弄的，要把自己的思路理清楚了！

   具體的代碼實現：

  

 public  Cinema cinema;
        //加載座位
        Dictionary<string, Label> labels = new Dictionary<string, Label>();
        int tickets = 0;
        string key = null;
        /// <summary>
        /// 程序剛啟動時 窗體加載的數據
        /// </summary>
        private void FrmMain_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            label1.Text = "";
            label2.Text = "";
            label3.Text = "";
            label4.Text = "";
            label5.Text = "";
            label6.Text = "";
            label8.Text = "";
            rb01.Checked = true;
            //初始化一個影院類對象
            cinema = new Cinema();
            InitInfo();
            //調用顯示售票信息的方法
            cinema.Load();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 點擊新播放列表時觸發
        /// </summary>
        private void 新放映列表ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            cinema.Schedule.LoadItems();
            cinema.SoldTickets.Clear();
            InitTreeView();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 綁定ListView
        /// </summary>
        private void InitTreeView()
        {
            tvList.Nodes.Clear();
            string movieName = "";
            TreeNode tn = null;
            foreach (ScheduleItem item in cinema.Schedule.Items.Values)
            {

                if (movieName != item.Movie.MovieName)
                {
                    tn = new TreeNode();
                    tn.Text = item.Movie.MovieName;
                    tvList.Nodes.Add(tn);
                }
                TreeNode node = new TreeNode(item.Time);
                tn.Nodes.Add(node);
                movieName = item.Movie.MovieName;
            }  
        }
        Label label;
        /// <summary>
        /// 加載座位
        /// </summary>
        private void InitInfo()
        {
            int seatRow = 8;
            int seatLine = 5;

            for (int i = 0; i < seatRow; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < seatLine; j++)
                {
                    label = new Label();
                    //設置背景顏色
                    label.BackColor = Color.Yellow;
                    //設置字體
                    label.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("宋體",14.25F,System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular,System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, 134);
                    //設置尺寸
                    label.AutoSize = false;
                    label.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(50, 25);
                    label.Text = (j + 1).ToString() + "-" + (i + 1).ToString();
                    label.TextAlign = ContentAlignment.MiddleCenter;
                    //設置位置
                    label.Location = new Point(60+(i*70),40+(j*50));
                    //所有標簽都綁定到同一個事件
                    label.Click += new System.EventHandler(labSeat_Click);
                    tp01.Controls.Add(label);
                    //labels集合存儲以座位號為key值   
                    labels.Add(label.Text, label);
                    Seat seat = new Seat((j + 1).ToString() + "-" + (i + 1).ToString(), Color.Yellow);
                    //保存的座位集合
                    cinema.Seats.Add(seat.SeatNum, seat);


                }
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 選擇座位時做出的判斷
        /// </summary>
        private void labSeat_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

            if (label8.Text=="")
            {
                MessageBox.Show("您還沒選擇電影!", "提示");
                return;
            }
           tickets++;
            try
            {
                string seatNum = ((Label)sender).Text.ToString();
                string customerName =txt01.Text.ToString();
                int discount = 0;//折扣
                string type = "";//類型
                if (rb03.Checked)
                {
                    type = "student";
                    if (cbo01.Text == "")
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show("請輸入折扣數!", "提示");
                        return;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        discount = Convert.ToInt32(cbo01.Text);
                    }
                }
                else if (rb02.Checked)
                {
                    if (txt01.Text=="")
                    {
                        MessageBox.Show("請輸入贈票者姓名!", "提示");
                        return;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        type = "free";
                    }
                }
                else if(rb01.Checked)
                {
                    type = "putong";
                }


                //調用工具類創建票
                Ticket Ticket = TicketUtil.CreateTicket(cinema.Schedule.Items[key], cinema.Seats[seatNum],discount, customerName, type);
                if (cinema.Seats[seatNum].Color == Color.Yellow)
                {
                    //打印

                    DialogResult result = MessageBox.Show("是否購買?", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
                    if (result == DialogResult.Yes)
                    {
                        cinema.Seats[seatNum].Color = Color.Red;
                        UpdateSeat();
                        Ticket.CalcPrice();
                        cinema.SoldTickets.Add(Ticket);
                        label6.Text = Ticket.Price.ToString();
                        Ticket.Print();
                    }
                    else if (result == DialogResult.No)
                    {
                        return;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    //顯示當前售出票的信息
                    foreach (Ticket item in cinema.SoldTickets)
                    {
                        //判斷是否為同場次、同電影、同座位號
                        if (item.Seat.SeatNum == seatNum && item.ScheduleItem.Time == tvList.SelectedNode.Text && item.ScheduleItem.Movie.MovieName == tvList.SelectedNode.Parent.Text)
                        {
                            item.Show();
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        ///  Treeview選擇時做出的判斷
        /// </summary>
        private void tvList_AfterSelect(object sender, TreeViewEventArgs e)
        {
            
            TreeNode node = tvList.SelectedNode;
            if (node == null)
            {
                return;
            }
            if (node.Level != 1)
            {
                return;
            }
            key = node.Text;
            //將詳細信息顯示
            label8.Text = cinema.Schedule.Items[key].Movie.MovieName;
            label1.Text = cinema.Schedule.Items[key].Movie.Director;
            label2.Text = cinema.Schedule.Items[key].Movie.Actor;
            label5.Text = cinema.Schedule.Items[key].Movie.Price.ToString();
            label4.Text = cinema.Schedule.Items[key].Time;
            label3.Text = cinema.Schedule.Items[key].Movie.MovieType.ToString();
            pic01.Image = Image.FromFile(cinema.Schedule.Items[key].Movie.Poster);
            label6.Text = "";

            //清空座位
            ClearSeat();
            //遍歷該場電影的座位銷售情況
            foreach (Ticket ticket in cinema.SoldTickets)
            {
                foreach (Seat seat in cinema.Seats.Values)
                {  
                    if ((ticket.ScheduleItem.Time == key)
                        && (ticket.Seat.SeatNum == seat.SeatNum))
                    {
                        seat.Color = Color.Red;
                    }
                }
            }
            UpdateSeat();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 清空座位
        /// </summary>
        private void ClearSeat()
        {
            foreach (Seat seat in cinema.Seats.Values)
            {
                seat.Color = Color.Yellow;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 更新座位狀態 
        /// </summary>
        private void UpdateSeat()
        {
            //根據影院類里面的座位來更新座位的顏色
            foreach (string key in cinema.Seats.Keys)
            {
                labels[key].BackColor = cinema.Seats[key].Color;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        ///  選擇贈票
        /// </summary>
        private void rb02_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            cbo01.Enabled = false;
            txt01.Enabled = true;
            cbo01.Text = "";
            label6.Text = "0";
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 選擇學生票
        /// </summary>
        private void rb03_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            txt01.Enabled = false;
            txt01.Text = "";
            cbo01.Enabled = true;
           
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 選擇普通票
        /// </summary>
        private void rb01_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            cbo01.Enabled = false;
            txt01.Text = "";
            txt01.Enabled = false;
            cbo01.Text = "";
            label6.Text = "0";
        }
        
        private void 繼續銷售ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //判斷放映列表是否為空
            if (cinema.Schedule.Items.Count == 0)
            {
                cinema.Schedule.LoadItems();
            }
            InitTreeView();
        }
      
        /// <summary>
        /// 選擇下拉列表時框
        /// </summary>
        private void cbo01_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //根據當前選中的電影，設置“優惠價”
            if (label5.Text != "")
            {
                int price = Convert.ToInt32(label5.Text);
                int discount = Convert.ToInt32(cbo01.Text);
                label6.Text = (price * discount / 10).ToString();
            }
        }

        private void 保存ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
    
            DialogResult result = MessageBox.Show("是否保存當前銷售狀態?", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
            if (result == DialogResult.Yes)
            {
                //退出時保存Cinema對象
                cinema.Say();
            }
          
        }

        private void 退出ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            cinema.Say();
            Dispose();
        }

  這沒有多少文字解說，思想在其中。

  其實寫這些都是枯燥的，但是寫完的那一刻，運行的那一刻，你就會覺得這些都是值得的，雖然這是一個特小的項目。

   人的信心就是從一點一滴積累起來的，我是這樣告訴自己的，不要局限自己，編程是思想，不是Copy!

   希望我的文章能給你提供一種方法，而不是讓你作弊！

   要想人前顯貴，就要背后受罪，我覺得說的真好！啰嗦了，我只是想提醒自己！