哈夫曼樹的創建及編碼輸出

#include"iostream"
#include"cstring"
#include"algorithm"
using namespace std;
typedef struct
{
    char ch;
    int weight;
    int parent,lchild,rchild;
}HTNode,*Huffmantree;//哈夫曼樹
typedef char **HuffmanCode;//存儲哈夫曼編碼表
HuffmanCode HC;//相當於是 一維字符串指針數組
Huffmantree HT;
int p[100]={0};
int n = 8;
int m = 2*n-1;
int w[8] = {5,29,7,8,14,23,3,11};
void select(Huffmantree &HT,int end, int &min1, int &min2){
    int minn=999999;    //先將最小值設定足夠大 
	for(int j=1;j<=end;j++)    //選取最小值 
	{
		if(HT[j].weight<minn&&p[j]==0)
		{
			minn=HT[j].weight;
			min1=j;
		}
	}
	minn=999999;
		for(int j=1;j<=end;j++)   //選取次小值 
	{
		if(HT[j].weight<minn&&j!=min1&&p[j]==0)
		{
			minn=HT[j].weight;
			min2=j;
		}
	}
}
void preorder(int p){//中序遍歷哈夫曼樹
    if(p<1)
        return;
    if(p>=1){
        cout<<HT[p].weight<<" ";
        preorder(HT[p].lchild);//左孩子
        preorder(HT[p].rchild);//右孩子
    }
}
void init(){
     if(n<=1) 
        return ;
    int i,j;
   // HT = (Huffmantree)malloc((n+1)*sizeof(char *));
   HT = new HTNode[m+1];//c++分配內存寫法
   for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
   {
       HT[i].weight = w[i-1];
       HT[i].parent = 0;
       HT[i].lchild = HT[i].rchild = 0;
   }
   for(;i<=m;i++){
       HT[i].parent = 0;
       HT[i].lchild = HT[i].rchild = 0;
   }
}
void createTree(){
    int i,j;
    int s1 = 1, s2 = 2;
    for(i=n+1;i<=m;i++){
      
        select(HT,i-1,s1,s2);//HT[1---i-1]選擇
        p[s1] = p[s2] = 1;
        cout<<"s1="<<s1<<",s2="<<s2<<endl;
        HT[s1].parent = i;
        HT[s2].parent = i;
        HT[i].lchild = s1;
        HT[i].rchild = s2;
        HT[i].weight = HT[s1].weight+HT[s2].weight;
    }
}
void HufCode(){
    int i,j;
     //從葉子節點到根逆序求每一個字符的哈弗曼編碼
    HC = new char*[n+1];//(char **)malloc((n+1)*sizeof(char *));
    //HC = (HuffmanCode)malloc(n*sizeof(char*));
    //cout<<sizeof(char *);8
    //cout<<sizeof(char) ; 1
    char *cd = new char[n];// char *cd = (char *)malloc(n*sizeof(char));
    cd[n-1] = '\0';
    int start,c,f;
    for(i=1;i<=n;i++){
        start = n-1;
        for(c=i,f=HT[i].parent; f!=0; c=f,f=HT[f].parent)
            if(HT[f].lchild == c)
                cd[--start] = '0';
            else
                cd[--start] = '1';
        HC[i] = new char[n - start];
        strcpy(HC[i],&cd[start]);
       
    }
    delete[] cd;//類似c的free();
    cout<<"哈夫曼編碼為:"<<endl;
    for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
        cout<<HC[i]<<" ";
    cout<<endl;
}
int main(){
    //初始化
    init();
    //構建哈夫曼樹
    sort(w, w+8);//升序排列數組
    //創建哈夫曼樹
    cout<<"每次選擇的最小兩個權值:"<<endl;
    createTree();
    //中序遍歷哈夫曼樹
    cout<<"中序遍歷結果:"<<endl;
    preorder(15);
    cout<<endl;
    //求哈夫曼編碼
    HufCode();
}