轉載自:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/VHn-7mO7lx2Ds1n851yVUw
常見錯誤1：在首字母為元音發音的縮寫詞前插入不定冠詞“a”。
錯誤解析：當縮寫詞的首字母的發音為五個元音字母“a, e, i ,o ,u”當中的任何一個時，應該插入不定冠詞“an”。
例1：Direct measurements of each tissue were obtained using a MRI image.
正確寫法：Direct measurements of each tissue were obtained using an MRI image.
例2：Should we use gloves while examining a HIV patient?
正確寫法：Should we use gloves while examining an HIV patient?
常見錯誤2：在身體部位和結構名稱前不使用定冠詞“the”。
錯誤解析：句子中出現“aorta”（主動脈）、“uterus”（子宮）等屬於人身體部位和結構名詞時，應當插入定冠詞“the”。
例1：The region of interest was set such that it included aorta.
正確寫法：The region of interest was set such that it included the aorta.
例2：In this study, we performed MRIs for investigating the congenital deformities ofuterus.
正確寫法：In this study, we performed MRIs for investigating the congenital deformities of the uterus.
需要注意的是，如果句子中連續有多個描述人身體部位和結構的名詞，那么只需要在第一個名詞前加the即可。如：We performed MRIs for investigating the congenital deformities ofthe uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes.
常見錯誤3：在包含數字或字母的名詞前插入定冠詞“the”。
錯誤解析：在包含字母的名詞“drug A”以及包含數字的名詞“Group I”和“Group II”前不能加定冠詞“the”。同時，在包含數字的名詞“day 3”前也不能加定冠詞“the”
例1：Left ventricular function after receiving the drug A was significantly greater inthe Group I than in the Group II.
正確寫法：Left ventricular function after receiving drug A was significantly greater inGroup I than in Group II.
例2：Liquid diet was started from the day 3 after surgery.
正確寫法：Liquid diet was started from day 3 after surgery.
常見錯誤4：在文章內引用圖和表格時采用過去式時態。
錯誤解析：在文章內涉及到表（Table）或圖（Figure）時，應使用現在式時。
例1：The baseline characteristics of all the subjects were summarized in Table 1.
正確寫法：The baseline characteristics of all the subjects are summarized in Table 1.
例2：Figure 4-a showed the relationship between age and incidence of dementia.
正確寫法：Figure 4-a shows the relationship between age and incidence of dementia.
常見錯誤5：當句子中使用計量單位作為主語時使用復數動詞。
錯誤解析：即使句子中的“milligrams”后有“s”，但是由於是計量單位應當被視為單數的集體名詞，所以謂語動詞應當用單數。
例1：Fifty milligrams of the pulverized crude drug were mixed with 100 mL of the solvent.
正確寫法：Fifty milligrams of the pulverized crude drug was mixed with 100 mL of the solvent.
例2：Twenty milliliters of blood were drawn from the affected and unaffected (control) individuals.
正確寫法：Twenty milliliters of blood was drawn from the affected and unaffected (control) individuals.
常見錯誤6：使用美式英語寫正式信件的時候在稱呼后面插入“,”。
錯誤解析：使用美式英語寫正式信件的時候在稱呼后面應當插入“:”，寫非正式信件的時候可以插入“,”。如果使用英式英語寫信件則都可以使用“,”。
例1：Dear Dr. Thomson,
正確寫法：Dear Dr.Thomson:
例2：Dear Editor,
正確寫法：Dear Editor:
常見錯誤7：使用not only…but also時在but also前插入“,”。
錯誤解析：在關聯連詞（如not only…but also，either…or，neither…nor和both…and）成對出現在一個句子中時，不能插入“,”。
例：We observed that poor drug efficiency was due to not only lack of absorption, but also increased clearance.
正確寫法：We observed that poor drug efficiency was due to not only lack of absorption but also increased clearance.
常見錯誤8：當被比較的兩個事物沒有被比較級形容詞分開時使用短語“than that”。
錯誤解析：例句中被比較的“males”和“females”中間沒有被比較級形容詞“greater”隔開，因此不能使用“than that”，直接用“than”即可。
例1：The mean hemoglobin concentration was greater in males than that in females.
正確寫法：The mean hemoglobin concentration was greater in males than in females. 或者The mean hemoglobin concentration in males was greater than that in females.
例2：The survival rates were significantly higher in the treated group than those in the untreated group.
正確寫法：The survival rates were significantly higher in the treated group than in the untreated group. 或者 The survival rates in the treated group were significantlyhigher than those in the untreated group.
常見錯誤9：在句子中使用“patient was diagnosed as”。
錯誤解析：單詞“diagnosed”是指在患者身上診斷出疾病情況，因此不能說患者被診斷為疾病，而應更改為患者被診斷出具有什么疾病。
例1：The patient was diagnosed as malignant hypertension and diabetes after a battery of tests.
正確寫法：The patient was diagnosed with malignant hypertension and diabetes after a battery of tests. 或者 Malignant hypertension and diabetes were diagnosed in the patient after a battery of tests.
例2：The surgical repair for patients diagnosed as inguinal hernia was scheduled irrespective of their age or body weight.
正確寫法：The surgical repair for patients diagnosed with inguinal hernia was scheduled irrespective of their age or body weight.
常見錯誤10：單詞“case”和“patient”混用。
錯誤解析：“case”是指一種疾病的實例，而“patient”意指患有疾病的人，二者不能混為一談。
例1：We attempted to clarify the impact of the discussion and explanation by analyzing the attitude of each of the 25 cases with depression.
正確寫法：We attempted to clarify the impact of the discussion and explanation by analyzing the attitude of each of the 25 patients with depression.
例2：We report a patient of cervical cancer.
正確寫法：We report a case of cervical cancer that.
常見錯誤11：要表達“提供一種葯物或療法”這個動作時使用動詞“administrate”。
錯誤解析：雖然“administrate”和“administer”的名詞形式相同（administration），但是“administrate”是指“管理、控制”，“administer”才是“給葯、給予”的意思。
例1：Standard heparin was administrated daily by continuous intravenous infusion to maintain a stable clotting time.
正確寫法：Standard heparin was administered daily by continuous intravenous infusion to maintain a stable clotting time.
例2：This drug is administrated intravenously at adosage of 5 mg/day for 4-5 consecutive days.
正確寫法：This drug is administered intravenously at a dosage of 5 mg/day for 4-5 consecutive days.
常見錯誤12：在句首使用數字。
錯誤解析：不能將數字用在句子的開頭，應該將數字拼出或者調整句子結構。
例1：24 patients were assigned to receive radiotherapy and 30 to receive a combination of radio- and chemotherapy.
正確寫法：Twenty-four patients were assigned to receive radiotherapy and 30 to receive a combination of radio- and chemotherapy.或者 A total of 24 and 30 patients were assigned to receive radiotherapy and a combination of radio- and chemotherapy, respectively.
例2：60% of the enrolled subjects continued their participation until the end of the study.
正確寫法：Sixty percent of the enrolled subjects continued their participation until the end of the study.
常見錯誤13：一個句子中數字的書寫格式不一致。
錯誤解析：在句子中多次出現數字時應統一書寫格式。
例1：We classified sleep events into 26 sleep attacks, four sleep episodes, andtwenty-three sleep events not other wise classified.
正確寫法：We classified sleep events into 26 sleep attacks, 4 sleep episodes, and 23sleep events not other wise classified.
例2：The sample group consisted of nine teenagers, six middle-aged members, and 8senior citizens.
正確寫法：The sample group consisted of 9 teenagers, 6 middle-aged members, and8 senior citizens.
常見錯誤14：在數字與其相應的單位中間或者在數學運算符前后不插入空格。
錯誤解析：在數字與其相應的單位之間應該插入空格，但百分號（%）除外，如30%。另外，在數學運算符“±”前后應插入空格。
例1：The body weight of the Beagles ranged between 5kg and 10kg;their average body weight was 7.5kg.
正確寫法：The body weight of the Beagles ranged between 5 kg and 10 kg;their average body weight was 7.5 kg.
例2：Of the 91 participants (average age 60±5 years),51 and 40 were divided into 2 groups based on their response to the drug.
正確寫法：Of the 91 participants (average age 60 ± 5 years), 51 and 40 were divided into 2 groups based on their response to the drug.
常見錯誤15：在一個句子中單位的書寫格式不一致。
錯誤解析：在一個句子中單位的格式應統一。
例1：To exclude such a possibility, oxygen saturations were measured every 30 minover a period of 4 hours.
正確寫法：To exclude such a possibility, oxygen saturations were measured every 30 min over a period of 4 h.
例2：Two mL of this solution was added to the mixture.
正確寫法：Two milliliters of this solution was added to themixture.
常見錯誤16：單位的書寫格式錯誤。
錯誤解析：在一個單位中不能使用多次“/”，如有多個分母，應用“·”連接。
例1：The patient was administered 70 mg/m2/h cisplatin.
正確寫法：The patient was administered 70 mg· m-2·h-1 cisplatin. 或者 The patient was administered 70 mg/(m2·h) cisplatin.
例2：Constant air flow at 45 mL/min/L was provided from the bottom of the fermenter.
正確寫法：Constant air flow at 45mL·min-1·L-1was provided from the bottom of the fermenter. 或者Constant air flow at 45 mL/(min·L) was provided from the bottom of the fermenter.
常見錯誤17：在使用百分數表達范圍時不重復使用“%”。
錯誤解析：注意數字與%之間不需要插入空格。
例1：The range of annual incidence rates of URTI was 0.4-1.9%.
正確寫法：The range of annual incidence rates of URTI was 0.4%-1.9%.
例2：Approximately 60.0, 14.3, and16.7% patients in Groups A, B, and C, respectively, showed significant improvement.
正確寫法：Approximately 60.0%, 14.3%,and 16.7% patients in Groups A, B, and C, respectively, showed significant improvement.
常見錯誤18：將乘號“×”用英文字母“X”代替。
例1：The equation for estimating this value is A = 3.56 x10-2 γ [a + b].
正確寫法：The equation for estimating this value is A = 3.56 × 10-2 γ [a + b].
例2：The resected liver mass measured 1 x 1 x 0.15mm.
正確寫法：The resected liver mass measured 1 × 1 × 0.15 mm.
常見錯誤19：日期格式書寫錯誤。
例1：Between 1st January 2001 and December 31st 2003, 2176 patients underwent surgical operation and were pathologically proven to have breast cancer.
正確寫法：
Day/month/year（英式英語）模式：Between 1 January 2001 and 31 December 2003, 2176 patients underwent surgical operation and were pathologically proven to have breast cancer.
Month/day/year（美式英語）格式：Between January 1, 2001 and December 31, 2003, 2176 patients underwent surgical operation and were pathologically proven to have breast cancer. 注意在使用Month/day/year（美式英語）格式時，需要在day與year之間插入“,”。
例2：All 37 patients were followed-up from January, 2000 to December, 2004.
正確寫法：All 37 patients were followed-up from January 2000 to December 2004.
常見錯誤20：在特定的日期前使用介詞“at”。
錯誤解析：在特定的日期前應使用介詞“on”。
例1：Graft rejection was observed at days 215 and 265.
正確寫法：Graft rejection was observed on days 215 and 265.
例2：Significant recovery was noticed at day 7, and the patient was discharged at day 12 of admission.
正確寫法：Significant recovery was noticed on day 7, and the patient was dischargedon day 12 of admission.