LeetCode 1219. Path with Maximum Gold

原題鏈接在這里：https://leetcode.com/problems/path-with-maximum-gold/

題目：

In a gold mine grid of size m * n, each cell in this mine has an integer representing the amount of gold in that cell, 0 if it is empty.

Return the maximum amount of gold you can collect under the conditions:

• Every time you are located in a cell you will collect all the gold in that cell.
• From your position you can walk one step to the left, right, up or down.
• You can't visit the same cell more than once.
• Never visit a cell with 0 gold.
• You can start and stop collecting gold from any position in the grid that has some gold.

Example 1:

Input: grid = [[0,6,0],[5,8,7],[0,9,0]]
Output: 24
Explanation:
[[0,6,0],
 [5,8,7],
 [0,9,0]]
Path to get the maximum gold, 9 -> 8 -> 7.

Example 2:

Input: grid = [[1,0,7],[2,0,6],[3,4,5],[0,3,0],[9,0,20]]
Output: 28
Explanation:
[[1,0,7],
 [2,0,6],
 [3,4,5],
 [0,3,0],
 [9,0,20]]
Path to get the maximum gold, 1 -> 2 -> 3 -> 4 -> 5 -> 6 -> 7.

Constraints:

• 1 <= grid.length, grid[i].length <= 15
• 0 <= grid[i][j] <= 100
• There are at most 25 cells containing gold.

題解：

For each cell in the grid, start DFS.

DFS state is current index. And it should return starting at current index, the maximum glod it could get.

If current index is illegal, return 0.

Otherwise, return grid[i][j] + for each direction, do DFS, get the maximum among 4 directions, and return.

Before return, backtracking grid[i][j] to its original value.

Time Complexity:  O(m^2*n^2).

Space: O(m*n). m = grid.length. n = grid[0].length.

AC Java:

class Solution {
    int res = 0;
    int [][] dirs = new int[][]{{0, 1}, {1, 0}, {0, -1}, {-1, 0}};
    
    public int getMaximumGold(int[][] grid) {
        int m = grid.length;
        int n = grid[0].length;
        
        for(int i = 0; i < m; i++){
            for(int j = 0; j < n; j++){
                if(grid[i][j] != 0){
                    res = Math.max(res, dfs(grid, i, j, m, n));
                }
            }
        }
        
        return res;
    }
    
    private int dfs(int [][] grid, int i, int j, int m, int n){
        if(i < 0 || i >= m || j < 0 || j >= n || grid[i][j] == 0){
            return 0;
        }
        
        int gold = grid[i][j];
        grid[i][j] = 0;
        int max = 0;
        for(int [] dir : dirs){
            max = Math.max(max, dfs(grid, i + dir[0], j + dir[1], m, n));
        }
        
        grid[i][j] = gold;
        return gold + max;
    }
}