python下學習opengl之簡單窗口

最近在看一個opengl教程：https://learnopengl.com/Introduction，寫的深入淺出，非常不錯，而且有中文的翻譯版：https://learnopengl-cn.github.io/

出於加深學習效果，自己試着用Python重新實現原教程中的C++代碼

1. 操作系統：Windows 10

2. 安裝Python: https://www.python.org/downloads/, 我用的是3.6.3

3. 安裝pyOpenGl： 安裝完python后默認會同時安裝pip, 將pip加入默認路徑，在windows命令行窗口輸入 pip install PyOpenGL

4. 下載GLFW：在http://www.glfw.org/download.html 下載 32-bit Windows binaries，下到的壓縮文件解壓后，得到庫文件lib-vc2015/glfw3.dll

5. 下載GLFW的python 接口文件：在https://github.com/rougier/pyglfw下載glfw.py，並將其和上一步得到的庫文件放到python默認的庫目錄或當前開發代碼的同級目錄中

6. 創建window.py文件，代碼如下：

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import sys, os
import OpenGL.GL as gl
import glfw

WIN_WIDTH = 800
WIN_HEIGHT = 600

def framebuffer_size_callback(window, width, height):
    gl.glViewport(0, 0, width, height)

def processInput(window):
    if glfw.glfwGetKey(window, glfw.GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) == glfw.GLFW_PRESS:
        glfw.glfwSetWindowShouldClose()

def main():
    glfw.glfwInit()
    glfw.glfwWindowHint(glfw.GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3)
    glfw.glfwWindowHint(glfw.GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3)
    glfw.glfwWindowHint(glfw.GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, glfw.GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE)

    window = glfw.glfwCreateWindow(WIN_WIDTH, WIN_HEIGHT, "學習OpenGL".encode(), 0, 0)
    if window == 0:
        print("failed to create window")
        glfw.glfwTerminate()

    glfw.glfwMakeContextCurrent(window)
    glfw.glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, framebuffer_size_callback)

    while not glfw.glfwWindowShouldClose(window):
        processInput(window)
        gl.glClearColor(0.2, 0.3, 0.3, 1.0)
        gl.glClear(gl.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT)
        glfw.glfwSwapBuffers(window)
        glfw.glfwPollEvents()

glfw.glfwTerminate()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

該段代碼執行后得到的效果如下：

以上代碼是對opengl教程中hello window章節的python實現，原來的C++代碼見 https://learnopengl.com/Getting-started/Hello-Window

或對應的的中文教程