1、查詢dhcp有沒有被安裝，如下沒有被安裝
[zfp@localhost ~]$ rpm -q dhcp
package dhcp is not installed
[zfp@localhost ~]$
2、查詢yum網絡源中有關dhcp的rpm包
[root@localhost zfp]# yum list |grep dhcp
dhcp.x86_64 12:4.1.1-53.P1.el6.centos.1 updates
dhcp-common.x86_64 12:4.1.1-53.P1.el6.centos.1 updates
dhcp-devel.i686 12:4.1.1-53.P1.el6.centos.1 updates
dhcp-devel.x86_64 12:4.1.1-53.P1.el6.centos.1 updates
sblim-cmpi-dhcp.i686 1.0-1.el6 base
sblim-cmpi-dhcp.x86_64 1.0-1.el6 base
sblim-cmpi-dhcp-devel.i686 1.0-1.el6 base
sblim-cmpi-dhcp-devel.x86_64 1.0-1.el6 base
sblim-cmpi-dhcp-test.x86_64 1.0-1.el6 base
3、安裝dhcp
[root@localhost zfp]# yum install dhcp -y
4、查詢是否安裝成功
[root@localhost zfp]# rpm -q dhcp
dhcp-4.1.1-53.P1.el6.centos.1.x86_64
[root@localhost zfp]#
查詢安裝的含有dhcp字符串包名的rpm包
[root@localhost zfp]# rpm -qa |grep dhcp
dhcp-common-4.1.1-53.P1.el6.centos.1.x86_64
dhcp-4.1.1-53.P1.el6.centos.1.x86_64
5、修改配置文件/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
不同的發行版不一定是/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf這個文件，也可能是/etc/dhcpd.conf，centos6.5發行版是/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
[root@localhost zfp]#vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
ddns-update-style interim; #表示dhcp服務器和dns服務器的動態信息更新模式
ignore client-updates; #忽略客戶端更新
subnet 10.10.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { #意思是我所分配的ip地址所在的網段為192.168.145.0 子網掩碼為255.255.255.0
range 10.10.10.100 10.10.10.200; #租用IP地址的范圍
option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8,114.114.114.114;
option domain-name "example.org";
option routers 10.10.10.1; #路由器地址，這里是當前 dhcp 機器的IP地址
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; #子網掩碼
default-lease-time 600; #默認租約時間
max-lease-time 7200; #最大租約時間
#host myhost { #設置主機聲明
#hardware ethernet 08:00:27:2C:30:8C; #指定dhcp客戶的mac地址
#fixed-address 192.168.145.155; #給指定的mac地址分配ip
# }
}
6、創建虛接口並重啟網絡
cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0:1
vi ifcfg-eth0:1
DEVICE=eth0:1
HWADDR=00:0C:29:AD:F8:B7
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=d60f7bad-0f18-420a-8e19-3e361f8ffed4
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=10.10.10.1
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
service network restart
[root@localhost zfp]#vim /etc/sysconfig/dhcpd
DHCPDARGS=eth0:1 #指定在eth0:1虛接口上提供dhcpserver服務
7、開啟dhcp服務
root@localhost zfp]#service dhcpd start （或者/etc/init.d/dhcpd start）
[root@localhost zfp]# service dhcpd status
dhcpd (pid 4478) 正在運行...
[root@localhost zfp]#
設置開機啟動dhcpd
chkconfig dhcpd on
如果有報錯，查看dhcp服務開啟的時候，報什么錯誤cat /var/log/messages 或者tail -f /var/log/messages &
如下是正常開啟dhcp服務的log信息
Jan 9 04:50:38 localhost dhcpd: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Server 4.1.1-P1
Jan 9 04:50:38 localhost dhcpd: Copyright 2004-2010 Internet Systems Consortium.
Jan 9 04:50:38 localhost dhcpd: All rights reserved.
Jan 9 04:50:38 localhost dhcpd: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
Jan 9 04:50:38 localhost dhcpd: Not searching LDAP since ldap-server, ldap-port and ldap-base-dn were not specified in the config file
Jan 9 04:50:38 localhost dhcpd: Wrote 3 leases to leases file.
Jan 9 04:50:38 localhost dhcpd: Listening on LPF/eth0:1/00:0c:29:ad:f8:b7/10.10.10.0/24
Jan 9 04:50:38 localhost dhcpd: Sending on LPF/eth0:1/00:0c:29:ad:f8:b7/10.10.10.0/24
Jan 9 04:50:38 localhost dhcpd: Sending on Socket/fallback/fallback-net
Jan 9 04:50:40 localhost dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST for 10.10.10.100 from a0:9d:86:fc:89:12 via eth0:1
Jan 9 04:50:40 localhost dhcpd: DHCPACK on 10.10.10.100 to a0:9d:86:fc:89:12 via eth0:1
[root@localhost network-scripts]#
[root@localhost network-scripts]# netstat -anulp | grep :67
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:67 0.0.0.0:* 4591/dhcpd
[root@localhost network-scripts]#
如果啟動的時候出現錯誤（Can't chown new lease file: Operation not permitted），需修改/etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcpd文件中的
user=dhcpd
group=dhcpd
為
user=root
group=root
再啟動嘗試
如下FORWARD鏈中REJECT的規則，阻止了數據報文的轉發，進行刪除iptables -D FORWARD 1，然后service iptables save保存到配置
iptables -nvL FORWARD
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
389 23343 REJECT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
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