最近在上生物信息學原理,打算記錄一些課上的作業。第一次作業:如題。
基本思路:
1.從GFF中讀取CDS的起始終止位置以及正負鏈信息。GFF格式見 http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_8a4f556e0102yd3l.html.
2.利用起始/終止位置等信息從FNA文件中提取CDS序列。FNA格式見 http://boyun.sh.cn/bio/?p=1192.
3.利用CDS序列及密碼子表得到FAA文件並輸出。
注意:最需要注意的一點是:當GFF中CDS位於負鏈時,需要進行鹼基互補配對,即反向互補(5'到3'配3'到5')。
下面給出python代碼。python3.6
轉載請保留出處
1 #bioinformatics homework
2 import re 3 class CDS2AA(): 4 pa = re.compile(r'\s+') 5 Pa = re.compile(r'[TCAG]TG') # 細菌起始密碼子NTG
6 def __init__(self,fna,gff): 7 self.fna = fna 8 self.gff = gff 9 def N2M(self,sequence): 10 hash = {'A': 'T', 'T': 'A', 'C': 'G', 'G': 'C'} 11 sequence = ''.join([hash[i] for i in sequence]) #正負鏈轉換
12 return sequence[::-1] 13 def Get_CDS_index(self,line): #獲取CDS信息
14 line = self.pa.split(line) 15 CDS = (line[0], line[3], line[4], line[6], line[7]) #這里字符串分割有的文件是會出問題的,所以要看文件格式而定
16 return CDS 17 def Seq2AA(self,sequence,hash): 18 AA = hash[sequence[:3]] 19 if self.Pa.match(sequence[:3]): 20 AA = 'M' #起始密碼子
21 for i in range(3, len(sequence) - 3, 3): 22 AA += hash[sequence[i:i + 3]] 23 return AA 24 def CDS2AA(self): 25 fn = open(self.fna, 'r') 26 gf = open(self.gff,'r') 27 r = open('AA_sequence.txt', 'w') 28 w = open('CDS.txt', 'w') 29 hash_AA = {} # AA hash,sequence2AA
30 with open('AA.txt', 'r') as f: #AA.txt 為密碼子表
31 for line in f: 32 line = line.strip() 33 if line: 34 line = self.pa.split(line) 35 hash_AA[line[0]] = line[1] #AA hash
36 hash_CDS = {} # CDS hash,CDS2sequence
37 for line in fn: 38 line = line.strip() 39 if line.startswith('>'): 40 A = self.pa.split(line)[0].replace('>', '') 41 hash_CDS[A] = ''
42 else: 43 hash_CDS[A] += line 44 fn.close() 45 for line in gf: 46 line = line.strip() 47 if 'CDS' in line: 48 i = self.Get_CDS_index(line) 49 sequence = hash_CDS[i[0]][int(i[1]) - 1:int(i[2])] 50 sequence = sequence[int(i[4]):] # i[4] 表示密碼子開始位置
51 if i[3] == '-': 52 sequence = self.N2M(sequence) 53 #w.write(i[0] + '\n' + sequence + '\n')
54 #后面是一堆正則,主要是對序列做注釋的,看文件格式而定
55
56 s1 = self.pa.split(line) 57 p1 = re.compile(r'ID=(.*?);.*?Dbxref=(.*?);.*?Name=(.*?);.*?gbkey=(.*?);.*?product=(.*?);.*?protein_id=(.*?);') 58 p2 = re.compile(r'.*?product=(.*?);.*?protein_id=(.*?);') 59 m1 = re.findall(p1,line) 60 m2 = re.findall(p2,line) 61 s = '>'+s1[0]+'_'+m1[0][0]+'\tName='+m1[0][2]+'\tdbxref='+m1[0][1]+'\tprotein='+m1[0][4]+'\tprotein_id='+m1[0][5]+'\tgbkey='+m1[0][3] 62 w.write(s + '\n' + sequence + '\n') 63 p = '>' + s1[0]+'\tproduct:'+m2[0][0]+'\tproduct_id:'+m2[0][1] 64 AA = self.Seq2AA(sequence, hash_AA) 65 r.write(p + '\n' + AA + '\n') 66 w.close() 67 r.close() 68
69 if __name__=='__main__': 70 fna = 'GCA_000160075.2_ASM16007v2_genomic.fna'
71 gff = 'GCA_000160075.2_ASM16007v2_genomic.gff'
72 m = CDS2AA(fna,gff) 73 m.CDS2AA()
出現的一些問題我會慢慢完善。后面的有意思作業題目會陸續上傳。