hive 復雜類型

hive提供一種復合類型的數據

struct：可以使用“.”來存取數據

map:可以使用鍵值對來存取數據

array:array中存取的數據為相同類型，其中的數據可以通過下表獲取數據

 

創建 struct類型

create table student_struct(id INT, info struct<name:STRING, age:INT>)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' //指定表在加載數據時候的列分割符
COLLECTION ITEMS TERMINATED BY ':'; //指定每個字段之間的item的分隔符

導入測試數據

1,zhang:24
2,wang:23
3,feng:22
4,li:22
5,zhou:21
6,xing:20
7,cai:19
8,yi:18
9,lan:17

查詢表中數據

使用struct的"."來查詢數據

hive> select*from student_struct where info.age>20;
OK
1 {"name":"zhang","age":24}
2 {"name":"wang","age":23}
3 {"name":"feng","age":22}
4 {"name":"li","age":22}
5 {"name":"zhou","age":21}
Time taken: 2.31 seconds, Fetched: 5 row(s)

創建array

create table student_array(id INT, stuArray array<String>)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
COLLECTION ITEMS TERMINATED BY ':';

加載測試數據（stuArray里面存儲的是相同的數據類型，可以有多個值）

同 struct 數據

查詢表中數據（array類型，可以通過你創建表時定義列的別名，通過下標來獲取數據）

hive> select*from student_array where stuArray[1]>20;
OK
1 ["zhang","24"]
2 ["wang","23"]
3 ["feng","22"]
4 ["li","22"]
5 ["zhou","21"]
Time taken: 2.63 seconds, Fetched: 5 row(s)

創建Map（stuMap可以有多個，我這里寫了兩個）

create table student_map(id string, stuMap map<string, int>)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED
FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t'
COLLECTION ITEMS TERMINATED BY ','
MAP KEYS TERMINATED BY ':';

導入測試數據

1 zhang:24,shangHai:100
2 wang:23,shangHai:200
3 feng:22,shangHai:1900
4 li:22,shangHai:2900
5 zhou:21,shangHai:1200
6 xing:20,shangHai:1200
7 cai:19,shangHai:600
8 yi:18,shangHai:7600
9 lan:17,shangHai:8000

查詢數據

hive> select * from student_map where stuMap['shangHai']=100;
OK
1 {"zhang":24,"shangHai":100}
Time taken: 0.944 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)
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