轉載請注明出處：
http://www.cnblogs.com/darkknightzh/p/5797940.html
參考網址：
http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_61_0/more/getting_started/unix-variants.html
http://blog.csdn.net/tedious/article/details/6793544
說明：boost庫包含兩部分：無需編譯的頭文件，及單獨編譯的庫。單獨編譯的庫如下：
Boost.Chrono
Boost.Context
Boost.Filesystem
Boost.GraphParallel
Boost.IOStreams
Boost.Locale
Boost.MPI
Boost.ProgramOptions
Boost.Python (see the Boost.Python build documentation before building and installing it)
Boost.Regex
Boost.Serialization
Boost.Signals
Boost.System
Boost.Thread
Boost.Timer
Boost.Wave
A few libraries have optional separately-compiled binaries:
Boost.DateTime has a binary component that is only needed if you're using its to_string/from_string or serialization features, or if you're targeting Visual C++ 6.x or Borland.
Boost.Graph also has a binary component that is only needed if you intend to parse GraphViz files.
Boost.Math has binary components for the TR1 and C99 cmath functions.
Boost.Random has a binary component which is only needed if you're using random_device.
Boost.Test can be used in “header-only” or “separately compiled” mode, although separate compilation is recommended for serious use.
Boost.Exception provides non-intrusive implementation of exception_ptr for 32-bit _MSC_VER==1310 and _MSC_VER==1400 which requires a separately-compiled binary. This is enabled by #define BOOST_ENABLE_NON_INTRUSIVE_EXCEPTION_PTR.
安裝步驟（首先下載並解壓縮文件，並cd到該文件夾內）：
1. 運行bootstrap.sh：后面加上需要編譯的庫（如果不加的話，貌似只會編譯最小的庫，即包含基本功能的庫）需要編譯的自己選（可以見參考網址2里面完全編譯）。
./bootstrap.sh --with-libraries= system,filesystem, thread,python
經過上命令后，可以看到，會編譯哪些庫：
2. 運行./b2。直接這樣用，提示權限不夠，所以使用如下命令就可以成功：
sudo ./b2
成功編譯了這些文件（和上圖對應的庫）：
3. 將編譯好的文件使用cp命令拷貝到系統的目錄：
sudo cp -a stage/lib /usr/local sudo cp -a boost /usr/local/include/boost
ps. 貌似這些目錄不是ubuntu默認的庫目錄。ubuntu默認庫目錄是/usr/lib。所以上面拷貝時，可以使用：
sudo cp -a stage/lib /usr sudo cp -a boost /usr/include
說明：
1. 使用--show-libraries查看哪些需要單獨編譯：
./bootstrap.sh --show-libraries
2. 全編譯（沒試過）：
./bootstrap.sh --with-libraries= atomic,chrono,container,context,coroutine,coroutine2,date_time,exception,filesystem,graph,graph_parallel,iostreams,locale,with-log,math,metaparse,mpi,program_options,python,random,regex,serialization,signals,system,test,thread,timer,type_erasure,wave
在另一台電腦上，使用./bootstrap.sh --with-libraries= system,filesystem, thread,python，結果全編譯出來了。。。