iOS - UIImagePickerController

前言

	NS_CLASS_AVAILABLE_IOS(2_0) @interface UIImagePickerController : UINavigationController <NSCoding>
	@available(iOS 2.0, *)    public class UIImagePickerController : UINavigationController, NSCoding

• iOS 獲取圖片有三種方法：

  • 直接調用攝像頭拍照；
  • 從相冊中選擇；
  • 從圖庫中選擇。

• UIImagePickerController 是系統提供的用來獲取圖片和視頻的接口。用 UIImagePickerController 類來獲取圖片視頻，大體分為以下幾個步驟：

  • 初始化 UIImagePickerController 類；
  • 設置 UIImagePickerController 實例的數據來源類型；
  • 設置代理；
  • 如果需要做圖片修改的話設置 allowsEditing = YES。

1、imagePickerController 的創建

• Objective-C

  • 需遵守協議 UIImagePickerControllerDelegate, UINavigationControllerDelegate

    	// 實例化 UIImagePickerController 對象
    
    		UIImagePickerController *imagePickerController = [[UIImagePickerController alloc] init];
    
    		// 設置代理
    		imagePickerController.delegate = self;
    
    		// 設置是否需要做圖片編輯，default NO
    		imagePickerController.allowsEditing = YES;
    
    		// 判斷數據來源是否可用
    		if([UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]) {
        	
            	// 設置數據來源
            	imagePickerController.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary;
    
            	// 打開相機/相冊/圖庫
            	[self presentViewController:imagePickerController animated:YES completion:nil];
        	}
    
    	// UIImagePickerControllerDelegate 協議方法
    
    		// 取消選擇
    		- (void)imagePickerControllerDidCancel:(UIImagePickerController *)picker {
        
        		// 退出當前界面
        		[picker dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
    		}
    
    		// 選擇完成
    		- (void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary *)info {
        
        		UIImageView *imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 20, self.view.frame.size.width, 
        		                                                                              self.view.frame.size.height - 20)];
        		[self.view addSubview:imageView];
        
        		// 獲取點擊的圖片
        		imageView.image = [info objectForKey:UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage];
        
        		[picker dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
    		}
    

• Swift

  • 需遵守協議 UIImagePickerControllerDelegate, UINavigationControllerDelegate

    	// 實例化 UIImagePickerController 對象
    
    		let imagePickerController = UIImagePickerController()
    		
    		// 設置代理
    		imagePickerController.delegate = self
    
    		// 設置是否需要做圖片編輯，default NO.
    		imagePickerController.allowsEditing = true
    
    		// 判斷數據來源是否可用
    		if UIImagePickerController.isSourceTypeAvailable(UIImagePickerControllerSourceType.PhotoLibrary) {
    		
        		// 設置數據來源
        		imagePickerController.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceType.PhotoLibrary
    
        		// 打開相機/相冊/圖庫
            	self.presentViewController(imagePickerController, animated: true, completion: nil)
    		}
    
    	// UIImagePickerControllerDelegate 協議方法
    
    		// 取消選擇
    		func imagePickerControllerDidCancel(picker: UIImagePickerController) {
    
    			// 退出當前界面
        		picker.dismissViewControllerAnimated(true, completion: nil)                                                     		
    		}
    
    		// 選擇完成
    		func imagePickerController(picker: UIImagePickerController, didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo info: [String : AnyObject]) {
    
        		let imageView = UIImageView(frame: CGRectMake(0, 20, self.view.frame.size.width, self.view.frame.size.height - 20))
        		self.view.addSubview(imageView)
    
    			// 獲取點擊的圖片
        		imageView.image = info[UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage] as? UIImage
    
    			picker.dismissViewControllerAnimated(true, completion: nil)
    		}
    

2、imagePickerController 的設置

• Objective-C

  	// 設置代理，需遵守 UIImagePickerControllerDelegate, UINavigationControllerDelegate 協議
   	imagePickerController.delegate = self;
      
  	// 設置是否需要做圖片編輯
  	imagePickerController.allowsEditing = YES;
      
    	// 判斷設備數據來源是否支持
    	/*
    	  	UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary,      // 來自圖庫
    	  	UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,            // 來自相機
    	  	UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum   // 來自相冊
    	*/
    	if ([UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]) {
              	
    	}
      
    	// 判斷攝像頭是否支持
    	/*
    	  	UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceRear,     // 后置攝像頭
    	  	UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront     // 前置攝像頭
    	*/
    	if ([UIImagePickerController isCameraDeviceAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceRear]) {
              	
    	}
      
    	// 判斷閃光燈是否支持
    	if ([UIImagePickerController isFlashAvailableForCameraDevice:UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront]) {
              	
    	}
      
    	// 獲取數據來源支持的媒體類型
    	/*
    	  	UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary,      // 來自圖庫
    	  		"public.image",
    	  		"public.movie"
               
    	  	UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,            // 來自相機
  			...
               
    	  	UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum   // 來自相冊
        		"public.image",
          	"public.movie"
  	*/
  	NSArray *mediaTypesArray = [UIImagePickerController availableMediaTypesForSourceType:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum];
          	
      // 獲取相機擁有的模式
      /*
      	UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceRear,   // 后置攝像頭
      		...
               
      	UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront   // 前置攝像頭
      		...
      */
      NSArray *captureModesArray = [UIImagePickerController availableCaptureModesForCameraDevice:UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront];
          
      // 設置數據來源
      /*
      	UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary,     // 來自圖庫，默認
      	UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,           // 來自相機
       	UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum  // 來自相冊
      */
      imagePickerController.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary;
          
      // 設置媒體類型
      /*
      	kUTTypeImage 包含：
               
      		kUTTypeImage;                // 抽象的圖片類型
      		kUTTypeJPEG;
      		kUTTypeJPEG2000;
      		kUTTypeTIFF;
      		kUTTypePICT;
      		kUTTypeGIF;
      		kUTTypePNG;
      		kUTTypeQuickTimeImage;
      		kUTTypeAppleICNS;
      		kUTTypeBMP;
      		kUTTypeICO
               
      	kUTTypeMovie 包含：
                   
      		kUTTypeAudiovisualContent;   // 抽象的聲音視頻
      		kUTTypeMovie;                // 抽象的媒體格式（聲音和視頻）
      		kUTTypeVideo;                // 只有視頻沒有聲音
      		kUTTypeAudio;                // 只有聲音沒有視頻
      		kUTTypeQuickTimeMovie;
      		kUTTypeMPEG;
      		kUTTypeMPEG4;
      		kUTTypeMP3;
      		kUTTypeMPEG4Audio;
      		kUTTypeAppleProtectedMPEG4Audio
               
      	需要 #import <MobileCoreServices/MobileCoreServices.h> 才能用 kUTTypeImage 和 KUTTypeMovie 。
      	
      	default value is an array containing kUTTypeImage.
  	*/
  	imagePickerController.mediaTypes = @[(NSString *)kUTTypeImage, (NSString *)kUTTypeMovie];
          
  	// 設置攝像頭
  	/*
  		UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceRear,   // 后置攝像頭，默認
  		UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront   // 前置攝像頭
  	*/
  	imagePickerController.cameraDevice = UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront;
          
  	// 設置相機模式
  	/*
  		UIImagePickerControllerCameraCaptureModePhoto,  // 照相模式，默認
  		UIImagePickerControllerCameraCaptureModeVideo   // 錄像模式
  	*/
  	imagePickerController.cameraCaptureMode = UIImagePickerControllerCameraCaptureModePhoto;
          
  	// 設置閃光燈模式
  	/*
  		UIImagePickerControllerCameraFlashModeOff  = -1,  // 關
  		UIImagePickerControllerCameraFlashModeAuto = 0,   // 自動，默認
  		UIImagePickerControllerCameraFlashModeOn   = 1    // 開
  	*/
  	imagePickerController.cameraFlashMode = UIImagePickerControllerCameraFlashModeOn;
      
  	// 設置錄像質量
  	/*
  		UIImagePickerControllerQualityTypeHigh = 0,     // 高質量，highest quality
  		UIImagePickerControllerQualityTypeMedium = 1,   // 中質量，默認，Wi-Fi
  		UIImagePickerControllerQualityTypeLow = 2,      // 低質量，cellular network
  		UIImagePickerControllerQualityType640x480 = 3,  // VGA 質量，VGA quality
               
  		UIImagePickerControllerQualityTypeIFrame1280x720 = 4,
  		UIImagePickerControllerQualityTypeIFrame960x540 = 5
  		
  		apply only if mediaTypes includes kUTTypeMovie
  	*/
  	imagePickerController.videoQuality = UIImagePickerControllerQualityTypeHigh;
          
  	// 設置錄像時間長度
    	/*
    		default is 10 minutes. apply only mediaTypes includes kUTTypeMovie
    	*/
  	imagePickerController.videoMaximumDuration = 600;
      
  	// 設置是否顯示相機原生 UI
  	/*
  		set to NO to hide all standard camera UI. default is YES. available sourceType is Camera.
  	*/
    	imagePickerController.showsCameraControls = YES;
      
  	// 自定義相機視圖
  	/*
  		set a view to overlay the preview view. default is YES. available sourceType is Camera.
  	*/
  	imagePickerController.cameraOverlayView = myView;
          
  	// 改變相機視圖
  	/*
  		set the transform of the preview view. default is YES. available sourceType is Camera.
  		
  		旋轉 45 度，需要輸入的參數為弧度，45/180 * M_PI，1 度 ＝ PI/180 弧度
     	*/
  	imagePickerController.cameraViewTransform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(0.25 * M_PI);
      
  	// 打開相機/相冊/圖庫
  	/*
  		訪問設置的數據來源界面
  	*/
  	[self presentViewController:imagePickerController animated:YES completion:nil];
      
  	// 拍照
  	/*
  		拍攝照片
  	*/
  	[imagePickerController takePicture];
      
  	// 錄像
      
      	// 開始錄像
      	[imagePickerController startVideoCapture];
  
      	// 停止錄像
        	[imagePickerController stopVideoCapture];
  
  	// 退出當前界面（相機/相冊/圖庫）
  	/*
  		在 UIImagePickerControllerDelegate 協議方法中調用
  	*/
  	[picker dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
  
  	// 獲取選取媒體類型（圖片或者視頻）
  	/*
  		選取的信息都在 info 中，info 是一個字典。字典中的鍵：
  
  			UIImagePickerControllerMediaType;     // 指定用戶選擇的媒體類型，包含着 kUTTypeImage 和 kUTTypeMovie
  			UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage; // 原始圖片
  			UIImagePickerControllerEditedImage;   // 修改后的圖片，只有打開編輯模式 info 里才有此鍵值對
  			UIImagePickerControllerCropRect;      // 裁剪尺寸，只有打開編輯模式 info 里才有此鍵值對
  			UIImagePickerControllerMediaURL;      // 媒體的 URL
  			UIImagePickerControllerReferenceURL;  // 原件的 URL
  			UIImagePickerControllerMediaMetadata  // 當數據來源是照相機的時候這個值才有效
  
  			kUTTypeImage 包含：
  
  				kUTTypeImage;    			// 抽象的圖片類型
  				kUTTypeJPEG;
  				kUTTypeJPEG2000;
  				kUTTypeTIFF;
  				kUTTypePICT;
  				kUTTypeGIF;
  				kUTTypePNG;
  				kUTTypeQuickTimeImage;
  				kUTTypeAppleICNS;
  				kUTTypeBMP;
  				kUTTypeICO
  
  			kUTTypeMovie 包含：
  
  				kUTTypeAudiovisualContent;  // 抽象的聲音視頻
  				kUTTypeMovie;               // 抽象的媒體格式（聲音和視頻）
  				kUTTypeVideo;               // 只有視頻沒有聲音
  				kUTTypeAudio;               // 只有聲音沒有視頻
  				kUTTypeQuickTimeMovie;
  				kUTTypeMPEG;
  				kUTTypeMPEG4;
  				kUTTypeMP3;
  				kUTTypeMPEG4Audio;
  				kUTTypeAppleProtectedMPEG4Audio
  
  			需要 #import <MobileCoreServices/MobileCoreServices.h> 才能用 kUTTypeImage 和 KUTTypeMovie 。
  	*/
  
  		// 直接處理點擊的媒體資源
  
  			UIImageView *imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 20, self.view.frame.size.width, 
  			                                                                              self.view.frame.size.height - 20)];
  			[self.view addSubview:imageView];
  
  			// 獲取點擊的圖片
  			imageView.image = [info objectForKey:UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage];
  
  		// 先判斷點擊的資源類型再處理
  
  			// 判斷點擊的媒體資源類型
  			if ([[info objectForKey:UIImagePickerControllerMediaType] isEqualToString:(NSString *)kUTTypeImage]) {
  
  				UIImageView *headerImageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 40, 100, 100)];
  				headerImageView.layer.borderColor = [[UIColor greenColor] CGColor];
  				headerImageView.layer.borderWidth = 3;
  				[self.view addSubview:headerImageView];
  
  				// 獲取點擊的圖片
  				headerImageView.image = [info objectForKey:UIImagePickerControllerEditedImage];
  			}
  

• Swift

    	// 設置代理，需遵守 UIImagePickerControllerDelegate, UINavigationControllerDelegate 協議
  	imagePickerController.delegate = self
      
    	// 設置是否需要做圖片編輯
    	imagePickerController.allowsEditing = true
      
    	// 判斷設備數據來源是否支持
    	/*
    		case PhotoLibrary       // 來自圖庫
    		case Camera             // 來自相機
    		case SavedPhotosAlbum   // 來自相冊
    	*/
    	if UIImagePickerController.isSourceTypeAvailable(.PhotoLibrary) {
  
    	}
      
    	// 判斷攝像頭是否支持
    	/*
    		case Rear   // 后置攝像頭
    		case Front  // 前置攝像頭
    	*/
    	if UIImagePickerController.isCameraDeviceAvailable(.Rear) {
              	
    	}
      
    	// 判斷閃光燈是否支持
    	if UIImagePickerController.isFlashAvailableForCameraDevice(.Front) {
              	
    	}
      
    	// 獲取數據來源支持的媒體類型
    	/*
    		PhotoLibrary,       // 來自圖庫
    			"public.image",
    			"public.movie"
               
    		Camera,             // 來自相機
    			...
               
    		SavedPhotosAlbum    // 來自相冊
    			"public.image",
    			"public.movie"
    	*/
    	let mediaTypesArray = UIImagePickerController.availableMediaTypesForSourceType(.SavedPhotosAlbum)
          		
    	// 獲取相機擁有的模式
    	/*
    		Rear,	  	// 后置攝像頭
    			...
               
    		Front	  	// 前置攝像頭
    			 ...
    	*/
    	let captureModesArray = UIImagePickerController.availableCaptureModesForCameraDevice(.Front)
          		
    	// 設置數據來源
    	/*
    		case PhotoLibrary       // 來自圖庫
    		case Camera             // 來自相機
    		case SavedPhotosAlbum   // 來自相冊
    	*/
    	imagePickerController.sourceType = .PhotoLibrary
      
    	// 設置媒體類型
    	/*
    		kUTTypeImage 包含：
    			kUTTypeImage;               // 抽象的圖片類型
    			kUTTypeJPEG;
    			kUTTypeJPEG2000;
    			kUTTypeTIFF;
    			kUTTypePICT;
    			kUTTypeGIF;
    			kUTTypePNG;
    			kUTTypeQuickTimeImage;
    			kUTTypeAppleICNS;
    			kUTTypeBMP;
    			kUTTypeICO
                   
    		kUTTypeMovie 包含：
    			kUTTypeAudiovisualContent;  // 抽象的聲音視頻
    			kUTTypeMovie;               // 抽象的媒體格式（聲音和視頻）
    			kUTTypeVideo;               // 只有視頻沒有聲音
    			kUTTypeAudio;               // 只有聲音沒有視頻
    			kUTTypeQuickTimeMovie;
    			kUTTypeMPEG;
    			kUTTypeMPEG4;
    			kUTTypeMP3;
    			kUTTypeMPEG4Audio;
    			kUTTypeAppleProtectedMPEG4Audio
               
    		需要 import MobileCoreServices 才能用 kUTTypeImage 和 KUTTypeMovie 。
    		
    		default value is an array containing kUTTypeImage.
    	*/
   	imagePickerController.mediaTypes = [String(kUTTypeImage), String(kUTTypeMovie)]
      
    	// 設置攝像頭
    	/*
    		Rear,  // 后置攝像頭，默認
    		Front  // 前置攝像頭
    	*/
    	imagePickerController.cameraDevice = .Front
          
    	// 設置相機模式
    	/*
    		Photo,  // 照相模式，默認
    		Video   // 錄像模式
    	*/
    	imagePickerController.cameraCaptureMode = .Photo
          
    	// 設置閃光燈模式
    	/*
    		Off  = -1,  // 關
    		Auto = 0,   // 自動，默認
    		On   = 1    // 開
    	*/
    	imagePickerController.cameraFlashMode = .On
          
    	// 設置錄像質量
    	/*
    		TypeHigh = 0,    // 高質量，      highest quality
    		TypeMedium = 1,  // 中質量，默認， medium quality, Wi-Fi
    		TypeLow = 2,     // 低質量，      lowest quality, cellular network
    		Type640x480 = 3, // VGA 質量，    VGA quality
               
    		TypeIFrame1280x720 = 4,
    		TypeIFrame960x540 = 5
    		
    		apply only if mediaTypes includes kUTTypeMovie
    	*/
    	imagePickerController.videoQuality = .TypeHigh
      
    	// 設置錄像時間長度
    	/*
    		default is 10 minutes. apply only mediaTypes includes kUTTypeMovie
    	*/
    	imagePickerController.videoMaximumDuration = 600
      
    	// 設置是否顯示相機原生 UI
    	/*
    		set to NO to hide all standard camera UI. default is YES. available sourceType is Camera.
    	*/
    	imagePickerController.showsCameraControls = true
      
    	// 自定義相機視圖
  	/*
  		set a view to overlay the preview view. default is YES. available sourceType is Camera.
  	*/
    	imagePickerController.cameraOverlayView = myView
      
    	// 改變相機視圖
    	/*
    		set the transform of the preview view. default is YES. available sourceType is Camera.
    		
    		旋轉 45 度，需要輸入的參數為弧度，45/180 * M_PI，1 度 ＝ PI/180 弧度
  	*/
    	imagePickerController.cameraViewTransform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(0.25 * CGFloat(M_PI))
    	
  	// 打開相機/相冊/圖庫
    	/*
    		訪問設置的數據來源界面
    	*/
    	self.presentViewController(imagePickerController, animated: true, completion: nil)
      
  	// 拍照
    	/*
    		拍攝照片
    	*/
  	imagePickerController.takePicture()
  	
  	// 錄像
      
      	// 開始錄像
  		imagePickerController.startVideoCapture()
  
       	// 停止錄像
  		imagePickerController.stopVideoCapture()
  
  	// 退出當前界面（相機/相冊/圖庫）
  	/*
  		在 UIImagePickerControllerDelegate 協議方法中調用 
  	*/
  	picker.dismissViewControllerAnimated(true, completion: nil)
                         		
  	// 獲取選取媒體類型（圖片或者視頻）
  	/*
  		選取的信息都在 info 中，info 是一個字典。字典中的鍵：
  	
  			UIImagePickerControllerMediaType;       // 指定用戶選擇的媒體類型，包含着 kUTTypeImage 和 kUTTypeMovie
  			UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage;   // 原始圖片
  			UIImagePickerControllerEditedImage;     // 修改后的圖片，只有打開編輯模式 info 里才有此鍵值對
  			UIImagePickerControllerCropRect;        // 裁剪尺寸，只有打開編輯模式 info 里才有此鍵值對
  			UIImagePickerControllerMediaURL;        // 媒體的 URL
  			UIImagePickerControllerReferenceURL;    // 原件的 URL
  			UIImagePickerControllerMediaMetadata    // 當數據來源是照相機的時候這個值才有效
               
  			kUTTypeImage 包含：
  				kUTTypeImage;                // 抽象的圖片類型
  				kUTTypeJPEG;
  				kUTTypeJPEG2000;
  				kUTTypeTIFF;
  				kUTTypePICT;
  				kUTTypeGIF;
  				kUTTypePNG;
  				kUTTypeQuickTimeImage;
  				kUTTypeAppleICNS;
  				kUTTypeBMP;
  				kUTTypeICO
               
  			kUTTypeMovie 包含：
  				kUTTypeAudiovisualContent;   // 抽象的聲音視頻
  				kUTTypeMovie;                // 抽象的媒體格式（聲音和視頻）
  				kUTTypeVideo;                // 只有視頻沒有聲音
  				kUTTypeAudio;                // 只有聲音沒有視頻
  				kUTTypeQuickTimeMovie;
  				kUTTypeMPEG;
  				kUTTypeMPEG4;
  				kUTTypeMP3;
  				kUTTypeMPEG4Audio;
  				kUTTypeAppleProtectedMPEG4Audio
  
  			需要 import MobileCoreServices 才能用 kUTTypeImage 和 KUTTypeMovie 。
  	*/
  
  		// 直接處理點擊的媒體資源
          
  			let imageView = UIImageView(frame: CGRectMake(0, 20, self.view.frame.size.width, self.view.frame.size.height - 20))
  			self.view.addSubview(imageView)
          
          	// 獲取點擊的圖片
  			imageView.image = info[UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage] as? UIImage
          
  		// 先判斷點擊的資源類型再處理
          
          	// 判斷點擊的媒體資源類型
  			if (info[UIImagePickerControllerMediaType]?.isEqualToString(String(kUTTypeImage)) != nil) {
              
  				let headerImageView = UIImageView(frame: CGRectMake(20, 40, 100, 100))
  				headerImageView.layer.borderColor = UIColor.greenColor().CGColor
  				headerImageView.layer.borderWidth = 3
  				self.view.addSubview(headerImageView)
              
              	// 獲取點擊的圖片
  				headerImageView.image = info[UIImagePickerControllerEditedImage] as? UIImage
  			}
  

3、UIImagePickerControllerDelegate 協議方法

• Objective-C

  	// 取消選擇，點擊界面中的取消（Cancel）按鈕時觸發
  	- (void)imagePickerControllerDidCancel:(UIImagePickerController *)picker {
  
  	}
  
  	// 選擇完成，點擊界面中的某個圖片或者選擇（Choose）按鈕時觸發
  	- (void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary *)info {
      
  	}
  

• Swift

  	// 取消選擇，點擊界面中的取消（Cancel）按鈕時觸發
  	func imagePickerControllerDidCancel(picker: UIImagePickerController) {
    	
  	}
  	
  	// 選擇完成，點擊界面中的某個圖片或者選擇（Choose）按鈕時觸發
  	func imagePickerController(picker: UIImagePickerController, didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo info: [String : AnyObject]) {
     
  	}