Spring事務Transaction配置的五種注入方式詳解

前段時間對Spring的事務配置做了比較深入的研究，在此之間對Spring的事務配置雖說也配置過，但是一直沒有一個清楚的認識。通過這次的學習發覺Spring的事務配置只要把思路理清，還是比較好掌握的。

    總結如下：

    Spring配置文件中關於事務配置總是由三個組成部分，分別是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理機制這三部分，無論哪種配置方式，一般變化的只是代理機制這部分。

   DataSource、TransactionManager這兩部分只是會根據數據訪問方式有所變化，比如使用Hibernate進行數據訪問時，DataSource實際為SessionFactory，TransactionManager的實現為HibernateTransactionManager。

    具體如下圖：

    根據代理機制的不同，總結了五種Spring事務的配置方式，配置文件如下：

    第一種方式：每個Bean都有一個代理

01	<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>

02	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

03	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

04	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

05	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

06	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

07	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

08	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

09	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

10	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

11

12	<bean id="sessionFactory"

13	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

14	<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />

15	<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />

16

</bean>

17

18	<!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->

19	<bean id="transactionManager"

20	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

21	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

22

</bean>

23

24	<!-- 配置DAO -->

25	<bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">

26	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

27

</bean>

28

29	<bean id="userDao"

30	class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">

31	<!-- 配置事務管理器 -->

32	<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />

33	<property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />

34	<property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />

35	<!-- 配置事務屬性 -->

36	<property name="transactionAttributes">

37

<props>

38	<prop key="*"> PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop>

39

</props>

40	</property>

41

</bean>

42

</beans>

    第二種方式：所有Bean共享一個代理基類

01	<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>

02	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

03	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

04	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

05	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

06	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

07	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

08	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

09	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

10	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

11

12	<bean id="sessionFactory"

13	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

14	<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />

15	<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />

16

</bean>

17

18	<!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->

19	<bean id="transactionManager"

20	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

21	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

22

</bean>

23

24	<bean id="transactionBase"

25	class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"

26	lazy-init="true" abstract="true">

27	<!-- 配置事務管理器 -->

28	<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />

29	<!-- 配置事務屬性 -->

30	<property name="transactionAttributes">

31

<props>

32	<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop>

33

</props>

34	</property>

35

</bean>

36

37	<!-- 配置DAO -->

38	<bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">

39	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

40

</bean>

41

42	<bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase">

43	<property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />

44

</bean>

45

</beans>

第三種方式：使用攔截器

01	<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>

02	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

03	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

04	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

05	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

06	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

07	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

08	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

09	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

10	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

11

12	<bean id="sessionFactory"

13	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

14	<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />

15	<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />

16

</bean>

17

18	<!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->

19	<bean id="transactionManager"

20	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

21	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

22

</bean>

23

24	<bean id="transactionInterceptor"

25	class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">

26	<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />

27	<!-- 配置事務屬性 -->

28	<property name="transactionAttributes">

29

<props>

30	<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop>

31

</props>

32	</property>

33

</bean>

34

35	<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">

36	<property name="beanNames">

37

<list>

38	<value> *Dao </value>

39

</list>

40	</property>

41	<property name="interceptorNames">

42

<list>

43	<value> transactionInterceptor </value>

44

</list>

45	</property>

46

</bean>

47

48	<!-- 配置DAO -->

49	<bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">

50	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

51

</bean>

52

</beans>

第四種方式：使用tx標簽配置的攔截器

01	<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>

02	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

03	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

04	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

05	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

06	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

07	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

08	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

09	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

10	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

11	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd

12	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

13

14	<context:annotation-config />

15	<context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />

16

17	<bean id="sessionFactory"

18	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

19	<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />

20	<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />

21

</bean>

22

23	<!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->

24	<bean id="transactionManager"

25	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

26	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

27

</bean>

28

29	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">

30	<tx:attributes>

31	<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />

32	</tx:attributes>

33	</tx:advice>

34

35	<aop:config>

36	<aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"

37	expression="execution(*com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />

38	<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"

39	pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />

40	</aop:config>

41

</beans>

第五種方式：全注解

01	<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>

02	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

03	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

04	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

05	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

06	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

07	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

08	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

09	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

10	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

11	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd

12	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

13

14	<context:annotation-config />

15	<context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />

16

17	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

18

19	<bean id="sessionFactory"

20	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

21	<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />

22	<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />

23

</bean>

24

25	<!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->

26	<bean id="transactionManager"

27	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

28	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

29

</bean>

30

31

</beans>

此時在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：

01	package com.bluesky.spring.dao;

02

03	import java.util.List;

04

05	import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

06	import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

07	import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;

08	import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

09

10	import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;

11

12	@Transactional

13	@Component( " userDao " )

14	public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {

15

16	public List <User> listUsers() {

17	return this .getSession().createQuery( " from User " ).list();

18

}

19

}

原文: http://www.blogjava.net/libin2722/articles/264190.html