Spring事务Transaction配置的五种注入方式详解

前段时间对Spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究，在此之间对Spring的事务配置虽说也配置过，但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉Spring的事务配置只要把思路理清，还是比较好掌握的。

    总结如下：

    Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

   DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。

    具体如下图：

    根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

    第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

01	<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>

02	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

03	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

04	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

05	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

06	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

07	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

08	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

09	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

10	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

11

12	<bean id="sessionFactory"

13	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

14	<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />

15	<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />

16

</bean>

17

18	<!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->

19	<bean id="transactionManager"

20	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

21	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

22

</bean>

23

24	<!-- 配置DAO -->

25	<bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">

26	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

27

</bean>

28

29	<bean id="userDao"

30	class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">

31	<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->

32	<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />

33	<property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />

34	<property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />

35	<!-- 配置事务属性 -->

36	<property name="transactionAttributes">

37

<props>

38	<prop key="*"> PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop>

39

</props>

40	</property>

41

</bean>

42

</beans>

    第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

01	<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>

02	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

03	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

04	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

05	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

06	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

07	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

08	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

09	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

10	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

11

12	<bean id="sessionFactory"

13	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

14	<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />

15	<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />

16

</bean>

17

18	<!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->

19	<bean id="transactionManager"

20	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

21	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

22

</bean>

23

24	<bean id="transactionBase"

25	class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"

26	lazy-init="true" abstract="true">

27	<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->

28	<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />

29	<!-- 配置事务属性 -->

30	<property name="transactionAttributes">

31

<props>

32	<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop>

33

</props>

34	</property>

35

</bean>

36

37	<!-- 配置DAO -->

38	<bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">

39	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

40

</bean>

41

42	<bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase">

43	<property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />

44

</bean>

45

</beans>

第三种方式：使用拦截器

01	<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>

02	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

03	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

04	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

05	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

06	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

07	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

08	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

09	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

10	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

11

12	<bean id="sessionFactory"

13	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

14	<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />

15	<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />

16

</bean>

17

18	<!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->

19	<bean id="transactionManager"

20	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

21	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

22

</bean>

23

24	<bean id="transactionInterceptor"

25	class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">

26	<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />

27	<!-- 配置事务属性 -->

28	<property name="transactionAttributes">

29

<props>

30	<prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop>

31

</props>

32	</property>

33

</bean>

34

35	<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">

36	<property name="beanNames">

37

<list>

38	<value> *Dao </value>

39

</list>

40	</property>

41	<property name="interceptorNames">

42

<list>

43	<value> transactionInterceptor </value>

44

</list>

45	</property>

46

</bean>

47

48	<!-- 配置DAO -->

49	<bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">

50	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

51

</bean>

52

</beans>

第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

01	<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>

02	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

03	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

04	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

05	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

06	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

07	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

08	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

09	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

10	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

11	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd

12	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

13

14	<context:annotation-config />

15	<context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />

16

17	<bean id="sessionFactory"

18	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

19	<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />

20	<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />

21

</bean>

22

23	<!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->

24	<bean id="transactionManager"

25	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

26	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

27

</bean>

28

29	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">

30	<tx:attributes>

31	<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />

32	</tx:attributes>

33	</tx:advice>

34

35	<aop:config>

36	<aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"

37	expression="execution(*com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />

38	<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"

39	pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />

40	</aop:config>

41

</beans>

第五种方式：全注解

01	<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>

02	<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

03	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

04	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

05	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

06	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

07	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

08	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

09	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

10	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

11	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd

12	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

13

14	<context:annotation-config />

15	<context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />

16

17	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

18

19	<bean id="sessionFactory"

20	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">

21	<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />

22	<property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />

23

</bean>

24

25	<!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->

26	<bean id="transactionManager"

27	class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">

28	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />

29

</bean>

30

31

</beans>

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：

01	package com.bluesky.spring.dao;

02

03	import java.util.List;

04

05	import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

06	import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

07	import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;

08	import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

09

10	import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;

11

12	@Transactional

13	@Component( " userDao " )

14	public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {

15

16	public List <User> listUsers() {

17	return this .getSession().createQuery( " from User " ).list();

18

}

19

}

原文: http://www.blogjava.net/libin2722/articles/264190.html