Unity框架之狀態機

1、vs 注解快捷鍵？

2、接口 方法、屬性、字段?

3、生命周期（awake 、enable、start、update、fixedupdate、lateupdate、ongui)?

4、[HideInInspector]

第一步：IState 初步定義

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public interface IState{
    //獲取狀態機狀態
    uint GetStateID();

    //void OnEnter();
    //void OnLeave();
    //等待補全
    void OnEnter();
    void OnLeave();

    //Unity 生命周期
    void OnUpdate();
    void OnFixedUpdate();
    void OnLateUpdate();
}

 第二步：StateMachine 定義初步

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class StateMachine {
    //使用字典 存儲狀態
    private Dictionary<uint, IState> mDictionaryState;
    //當前狀態
    private IState mCurrentState;

    public StateMachine()
    {
        mDictionaryState = new Dictionary<uint, IState>();
        mCurrentState = null;
    }
    //添加狀態
    public bool RegisterState(IState state)
    {
        if (state == null)
        {
            return false;
        }
        if (mDictionaryState.ContainsKey(state.GetStateID()))
        {
            return false;
        }
        mDictionaryState.Add(state.GetStateID(), state);
        return true;
    }
    //獲取狀態
    public IState GetState(uint stateID)
    {
        IState state = null;
        mDictionaryState.TryGetValue(stateID, out state);
        return state;
    }
    //停止狀態
    public void StopState(object param1, object param2)
    {

    }
}

第三步：補全 IState 替換掉步驟一中的兩個函數

    //等待補全
    //預留兩個參數備用
    void OnEnter(StateMachine machine,IState preState,object param1,object param2);
    void OnLeave(IState nextState,object param1,object param2);

 第四步：繼續完善StateMachine

 

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class StateMachine {
    //使用字典 存儲狀態
    private Dictionary<uint, IState> mDictionaryState;
    //當前狀態
    private IState mCurrentState;

    public uint CurrentStateID //獲取當前狀態機ID
    {
        get
        {
            return mCurrentState == null ? 0 : mCurrentState.GetStateID();
        }
    }

    public IState CurrentState //獲取當前狀態機
    {
        get
        {
            return mCurrentState;
        }
    }

    public StateMachine() // 構造函數初始化
    {
        mDictionaryState = new Dictionary<uint, IState>();
        mCurrentState = null;
    }

    public bool RegisterState(IState state) //添加狀態
    {
        if (state == null)
        {
            return false;
        }
        if (mDictionaryState.ContainsKey(state.GetStateID()))
        {
            return false;
        }
        mDictionaryState.Add(state.GetStateID(), state);
        return true;
    }

    public IState GetState(uint stateID)//獲取狀態
    {
        IState state = null;
        mDictionaryState.TryGetValue(stateID, out state);
        return state;
    }

    public void StopState(object param1, object param2)//停止狀態
    {
        if (mCurrentState == null)
        {
            return;
        }
        mCurrentState.OnLeave(null, param1, param2);
        mCurrentState = null;
    }

    public bool UnRegisterState(uint StateID)//取消狀態注冊
    {
        if (!mDictionaryState.ContainsKey(StateID))
        {
            return false;
        }
        if (mCurrentState != null && mCurrentState.GetStateID() == StateID)
        {
            return false;
        }
        mDictionaryState.Remove(StateID);
        return true;
    }
    
    //切換狀態

    //切換狀態的委托
    public delegate void BetweenSwitchState(IState from, IState to, object param1, object param2);
    //切換狀態的回調
    public BetweenSwitchState BetweenSwitchStateCallBack = null;
    public bool SwitchState(uint newStateID, object param1, object param2)
    {
        //當前狀態切當前狀態 false
        if (mCurrentState != null && mCurrentState.GetStateID() == newStateID)
        {
            return false;
        }
        //切換到沒有注冊過的狀態 false
        IState newState = null;
        mDictionaryState.TryGetValue(newStateID, out newState);
        if (newState == null)
        {
            return false;
        }
        // 退出當前狀態
        if (mCurrentState != null)
        {
            mCurrentState.OnLeave(newState, param1, param2);
        }

        //狀態切換間做的事
        IState oldState = mCurrentState;
        mCurrentState = newState;
        if (BetweenSwitchStateCallBack != null)
        {
            BetweenSwitchStateCallBack(oldState, mCurrentState, param1, param2);
        }
        //進入新狀態
        newState.OnEnter(this, oldState, param1, param2);
        return true;
    }

    public bool IsState(uint stateID)  //當前是否在某個狀態
    {
        return mCurrentState == null ? false : mCurrentState.GetStateID() == stateID;
    }
    public void OnUpdate()
    {
        if (mCurrentState != null)
        {
            mCurrentState.OnUpdate();
        }
    }
    public void OnFixedUpdate()
    {
        if (mCurrentState != null)
        {
            mCurrentState.OnFixedUpdate();
        }
    }
    public void OnLateUpdate()
    {
        if (mCurrentState != null)
        {
            mCurrentState.OnLateUpdate();
        }
    }
}

第五步：使用狀態機 Player(初步）

 

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class Player : MonoBehaviour {
    [HideInInspector]
    public StateMachine PlayerStateMachine = new StateMachine();
    void Awake () {
    }

    void Update () {
        PlayerStateMachine.OnUpdate();
    }
    void FixedUpdate()
    {
        PlayerStateMachine.OnFixedUpdate();
    }
    void LateUpdate()
    {
        PlayerStateMachine.OnLateUpdate();
    }
}

 第六步：定義兩個狀態 實現接口 IState，定義 枚舉StateType

 

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class LeftRightMove : IState {
    private Player player;
    public LeftRightMove(Player player)
    {
        this.player = player;
    }
    
    public uint GetStateID()
    {
        return (uint)Player.StateType.LeftRight;
    }

    public void OnEnter(StateMachine machine, IState prevState, object param1, object param2)
    {
        if (prevState != null)
        {
            Debug.Log("LeftRightMove  OnEnter PrevState is :" + prevState.GetStateID());
        }
        else
        {
            Debug.Log("LeftRightMove  OnEnter");
        }
        
    }

    public void OnLeave(IState nextState, object param1, object param2)
    {
        Debug.Log("LeftRightMove OnLeave NextState is : " + nextState.GetStateID());
    }

    private bool isLeft = true;
    public void OnUpdate()
    {
        if (isLeft)
        {
            player.transform.position += new Vector3(-0.1f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
            if (player.transform.position.x < -2f)
            {
                isLeft = false;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            player.transform.position += new Vector3(0.1f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
            if (player.transform.position.x > 2f)
            {
                isLeft = true;
            }
        }
    }

    public void OnFixedUpdate()
    {
    }

    public void OnLateUpdate()
    {
    }
}

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class Player : MonoBehaviour {
    [HideInInspector]
    public StateMachine PlayerStateMachine = new StateMachine();
    public enum StateType : uint
    {
        LeftRight = 0,
        UpDown = 1
    }
    void Awake () {
        PlayerStateMachine.RegisterState(new LeftRightMove(this));
        PlayerStateMachine.RegisterState(new UpDownMove(this));
    }
    void OnGUI() {
        if (GUI.Button(new Rect(0,0,200,50),"LeftRight"))
        {
            PlayerStateMachine.SwitchState((uint)StateType.LeftRight, null, null);
        }
        if (GUI.Button(new Rect(0,100,200,50),"UpDown"))
        {
            PlayerStateMachine.SwitchState((uint)StateType.UpDown, null, null);
        }
    }
    void Update () {
        PlayerStateMachine.OnUpdate();
    }
    void FixedUpdate()
    {
        PlayerStateMachine.OnFixedUpdate();
    }
    void LateUpdate()
    {
        PlayerStateMachine.OnLateUpdate();
    }
}

Demo 見鏈接、使用Unity 4.6.9f1編譯打包

鏈接：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1c03CQCo 密碼：6pcp