cocos2d-js Shader系列4:Shader、GLProgram在jsb(native、手機)和html5之間的兼容問題。cocos2d-js框架各種坑。


為了讓jsb也能順利跑起濾鏡效果,在手機側折騰了2天,因為每次在真機上運行總要耗那么半分鍾,而且偶爾還遇到apk文件無法刪除導致運行失敗的情況。

這個調試起來,實在讓人煩躁加沮喪。

 

還好,測試上百輪,翻jsb代碼+各種猜測實驗之后,終於順利的把前3個系列的例子都通通在Android上跑起來了,也算是把兼容問題調通了。

如下圖所示,右上角的小圖是多紋理效果,通過擴展cc.Node自行控制繪制頂點實現的;下方的兩個小圖是普通的cc.Sprite,對其加入了shaderProgram

 

總結一下,這里有幾個坑:

1、一些html5跑得很順利的接口(包括出現在官方例子中)在JSB中並沒有實現或綁定錯誤。

例如:initWithVertexShaderByteArray、 setUniformLocationF32
initWithVertexShaderByteArray是運行發現出錯的時候發現的,建議改用initWithString;
setUniformLocationF32很隱蔽,運行后沒有任何提示,但后來在jsb對應函數中打log,發現壓根就沒執行到那一步。建議使用gl.uniform1f,設置int等也一樣使用gl.uniform1i等。
 
 
2、JSB的gl.uniform1f,並沒有正確傳遞float值,接口錯誤把float強制以int32接收了,結果導致float的小數位都被截斷。
bool JSB_glUniform1f(JSContext *cx, uint32_t argc, jsval *vp) {
    JSB_PRECONDITION2( argc == 2, cx, false, "Invalid number of arguments" );
    jsval *argvp = JS_ARGV(cx,vp);
    bool ok = true;
    int32_t arg0; int32_t arg1;

    ok &= jsval_to_int32( cx, *argvp++, &arg0 );
    ok &= jsval_to_int32( cx, *argvp++, &arg1 );
    JSB_PRECONDITION2(ok, cx, false, "Error processing arguments");

     GLfloat arg1a = (GLfloat)arg1;
     CCLOG("UNIFORM, %f", arg1a);     //調試加入的代碼,輸出0.0000。實際傳入的是0.9
    glUniform1f((GLint)arg0 , (GLfloat)arg1  );
    JS_SET_RVAL(cx, vp, JSVAL_VOID);
    return true;
}

 

3、3.0final和3.1兩個版本在fragment shader的處理上略有差別。3.0的html5版本,不會自動在fragment shader中加入uniform  CC_Texture0到4,但從3.0的jsb和3.1 jsb和html5都會自動增加這幾個uniform。
這個自動加入的問題是,如果原來shader手工寫上了CC_Texture0,就會無法正確編譯fragment shader。
這里建議是:
  如果所有紋理都是自己手工綁定,那么這里可以用tex0等其他名字;
  如果是擴展cc.Sprite的功能,則需要依賴框架給shader綁定紋理,所以這里需要保留使用CC_Texture0。可以不做聲明,直接在main中使用這個CC_Texture0。
varying vec2 v_texCoord;   
void main() 
{  
    vec4 texColor = texture2D(CC_Texture0, v_texCoord);  
    float gray = texColor.r * 0.299 + texColor.g * 0.587 + texColor.b * 0.114; 
    gl_FragColor = vec4(gray,gray,gray,1);  
}

 

4、jsb中,如果剛新建glprogram就設置gl的uniform參數,之后可能會發現參數沒生效。原因可能是該Node/sprite在初始化的時候把glprogram重置過,丟掉了參數。

  這個問題在html5版本中不存在。
 這里建議是:
  通過override(覆蓋)Node的draw方法或者sprite的update方法(並調用scheduleUpdate),讓每一幀從新設置gl參數。
          sprite.scheduleUpdate();
          sprite.update = function(){
               program.use();
               program.setUniformsForBuiltins();
            var degreeLocation = program.getUniformLocationForName("u_degree");
               gl.uniform1f( degreeLocation, degree);    
          };

 

 

完整代碼:

var trace = function() {
    cc.log(Array.prototype.join.call(arguments, ", "));
};

var Filter = {

    DEFAULT_VERTEX_SHADER:
        "attribute vec4 a_position; \n"
        + "attribute vec2 a_texCoord; \n"
        + "varying mediump vec2 v_texCoord; \n"
        + "void main() \n"
        + "{ \n"
        + "    gl_Position = (CC_PMatrix * CC_MVMatrix) * a_position;  \n"
        + "    v_texCoord = a_texCoord; \n"
        + "}",

    GRAY_SCALE_FRAGMENT_SHADER:
        "varying vec2 v_texCoord;   \n"
        //+ "uniform sampler2D CC_Texture0; \n"   //cocos2d 3.0jsb 3.1jsb/html5開始自動加入這個屬性,不需要手工聲明
        + "void main() \n"
        + "{  \n"
        + "    vec4 texColor = texture2D(CC_Texture0, v_texCoord);  \n"
        + "    float gray = texColor.r * 0.299 + texColor.g * 0.587 + texColor.b * 0.114; \n"
        + "    gl_FragColor = vec4(gray,gray,gray,1);  \n"
        + "}",

    SEPIA_FRAGMENT_SHADER:
        "varying vec2 v_texCoord;   \n"
        //+ "uniform sampler2D CC_Texture0; \n"
        + "uniform float u_degree; \n"
        + "void main() \n"
        + "{  \n"
        + "    vec4 texColor = texture2D(CC_Texture0, v_texCoord);  \n"
        + "    float r = texColor.r * 0.393 + texColor.g * 0.769 + texColor.b * 0.189; \n"
        + "    float g = texColor.r * 0.349 + texColor.g * 0.686 + texColor.b * 0.168; \n"
        + "    float b = texColor.r * 0.272 + texColor.g * 0.534 + texColor.b * 0.131; \n"
        + "    gl_FragColor = mix(texColor, vec4(r, g, b, texColor.a), float(u_degree));  \n"
        + "}",


    programs:{},

    /**
     * 灰度
     * @param sprite
     */
    grayScale: function (sprite) {
        var program = Filter.programs["grayScale"];
        if(!program){
            program = new cc.GLProgram();
               program.retain();          //jsb需要retain一下,否則會被回收了
            program.initWithString(Filter.DEFAULT_VERTEX_SHADER, Filter.GRAY_SCALE_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
            program.addAttribute(cc.ATTRIBUTE_NAME_POSITION, cc.VERTEX_ATTRIB_POSITION);        //cocos會做初始化的工作
            program.addAttribute(cc.ATTRIBUTE_NAME_TEX_COORD, cc.VERTEX_ATTRIB_TEX_COORDS);
            program.link();
            program.updateUniforms();
            Filter.programs["grayScale"] = program;
        }
        gl.useProgram(program.getProgram());
       sprite.shaderProgram = program;
    },

    /**
     * 造舊
     * @param sprite
     * @param degree 舊的程度 0~1
     */
    sepia: function (sprite, degree) {
        var program = Filter.programs["sepia"+degree];
        if(!program){
            program = new cc.GLProgram();
               program.retain();
            program.initWithString(Filter.DEFAULT_VERTEX_SHADER, Filter.SEPIA_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
            program.addAttribute(cc.ATTRIBUTE_NAME_POSITION, cc.VERTEX_ATTRIB_POSITION);        //cocos會做初始化的工作
            program.addAttribute(cc.ATTRIBUTE_NAME_TEX_COORD, cc.VERTEX_ATTRIB_TEX_COORDS);
            program.link();
            program.updateUniforms();
               
/*
     這兩句只在html5中有效,在jsb中失效。原因可能是native版本繪制sprite前把這個glprogram重置了,丟掉了參數。
            var degreeLocation = program.getUniformLocationForName("u_degree");
            gl.uniform1f(degreeLocation, degree);
*/
               
            Filter.programs["sepia"+degree] = program;
        }
        gl.useProgram(program.getProgram());
        sprite.shaderProgram = program;
          
          sprite.scheduleUpdate();
          sprite.update = function(){
               program.use();
               program.setUniformsForBuiltins();
            var degreeLocation = program.getUniformLocationForName("u_degree");
               gl.uniform1f( degreeLocation, degree);     //這個函數由於jsb實現有問題,在手機側實際只能傳遞整數,需要注意。html5是正常的。
          };
          
    }

};


cc.GLNode = cc.GLNode || cc.Node.extend({
    ctor:function(){
        this._super();
        this.init();
    },
    _initRendererCmd:function(){
        this._rendererCmd = new cc.CustomRenderCmdWebGL(this, function(){
            cc.kmGLMatrixMode(cc.KM_GL_MODELVIEW);
            cc.kmGLPushMatrix();
            cc.kmGLLoadMatrix(this._stackMatrix);

            this.draw();

            cc.kmGLPopMatrix();
        });
    }
});

var ShaderLayer = cc.Layer.extend({
    sprite:null,
    ctor:function () {
        this._super();
        if( 'opengl' in cc.sys.capabilities ) {
            var node1 = new cc.Sprite("res/item_2.png");
            var node2 = new cc.Sprite("res/item_3.png");
            this.addChild(node1,11);
            this.addChild(node2,12);
            node1.x = 500;
            node2.x = 200;
            node1.y = node2.y = 130;
            Filter.grayScale(node1);
            Filter.sepia(node2, 1);

               
            var glnode = new cc.GLNode();
            this.addChild(glnode,1);
            this.glnode = glnode;
            var winSize = cc.director.getWinSize();
            glnode.x = winSize.width/2;
            glnode.y = winSize.height/2;
            glnode.width = 128;
            glnode.height = 128;
            glnode.anchorX = 0.5;
            glnode.anchorY = 0.5;

            var MULTI_TEXTURES_FRAGMENT_SHADER =
                "precision lowp float;   \n"
                + "varying vec2 v_texCoord;  \n"
                + "uniform sampler2D tex0; \n"          //為了避免跟自動加入的CC_Texture0沖突,改名
                + "uniform sampler2D tex1; \n"
                + "void main() \n"
                + "{  \n"
                + "    vec4 color1 =  texture2D(tex0, v_texCoord);   \n"
                + "    vec4 color2 =  texture2D(tex1, v_texCoord);   \n"
                    + "    gl_FragColor = vec4(color1.r*color2.r, color1.g*color2.g, color1.b*color2.b, color1.a*color2.a);   \n"
                + "}";
            var DEFAULT_VERTEX_SHADER =
                "attribute vec4 a_position; \n"
                + "attribute vec2 a_texCoord; \n"
                + "varying mediump vec2 v_texCoord; \n"
                + "void main() \n"
                + "{ \n"
                + "    gl_Position = (CC_PMatrix * CC_MVMatrix) * a_position;  \n"
                + "    v_texCoord = a_texCoord;               \n"
                + "}";
            this.shader = new cc.GLProgram();
               this.shader.retain();
            this.shader.initWithString(DEFAULT_VERTEX_SHADER, MULTI_TEXTURES_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
            this.shader.addAttribute(cc.ATTRIBUTE_NAME_POSITION, cc.VERTEX_ATTRIB_POSITION);
            this.shader.addAttribute(cc.ATTRIBUTE_NAME_TEX_COORD, cc.VERTEX_ATTRIB_TEX_COORDS);
            this.shader.link();
            this.shader.updateUniforms();   //綁定位置,這個是cocos封裝后必須做的事。詳細可以看代碼
            this.initGL();
            var p = this.shader.getProgram();
            this.tex1Location = gl.getUniformLocation(p, "tex0");    //如果frag shader最終沒有用某個uniform,該uniform會被優化刪掉
            this.tex2Location = gl.getUniformLocation(p, "tex1");

            glnode.draw = function() {
                this.shader.use();                      //使用這個shader來繪制,封裝了gl的use。跟指定glnode.shaderProgram類似
                this.shader.setUniformsForBuiltins();   //設置坐標系變換

                gl.activeTexture(gl.TEXTURE0);          //webgl中一共32個,可以看cocos2d列的常量
                gl.bindTexture(gl.TEXTURE_2D, this.tex1.getName());
                gl.uniform1i(this.tex1Location, 0);     //把CC_Texture0指向gl.TEXTURE0
                gl.activeTexture(gl.TEXTURE1);
                gl.bindTexture(gl.TEXTURE_2D, this.tex2.getName());
                gl.uniform1i(this.tex2Location, 1);
                cc.glEnableVertexAttribs( cc.VERTEX_ATTRIB_FLAG_TEX_COORDS | cc.VERTEX_ATTRIB_FLAG_POSITION);   //實際對gl的api做了封裝,增加了這兩個屬性的位置映射。用於vertexAttribPointer

                // Draw fullscreen Square
                gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, this.squareVertexPositionBuffer);
                gl.vertexAttribPointer(cc.VERTEX_ATTRIB_POSITION, 2, gl.FLOAT, false, 0, 0);
                gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, this.squareVertexTextureBuffer);
                gl.vertexAttribPointer(cc.VERTEX_ATTRIB_TEX_COORDS, 2, gl.FLOAT, false, 0, 0);
                gl.drawArrays(gl.TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);

                gl.activeTexture(gl.TEXTURE1);
                gl.bindTexture(gl.TEXTURE_2D, null);        //使用完必須置為空,否則影響其他node
                gl.activeTexture(gl.TEXTURE0);          //另外必須設置回第0個,否則cocos2d框架中如果沒有顯示設置第0個,就會錯誤使用了上邊的TEXTURE1
                gl.bindTexture(gl.TEXTURE_2D, null);
                gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, null);

            }.bind(this);
        }
    },

    initGL:function() {
        var tex1 = cc.textureCache.addImage("res/item_2.png");
        var tex2 = cc.textureCache.addImage("res/item_3.png");
        this.tex1 = tex1;
        this.tex2 = tex2;
        //
        // Square
        //
        var squareVertexPositionBuffer = this.squareVertexPositionBuffer = gl.createBuffer();
        gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, squareVertexPositionBuffer);
        var vertices = [
            128,  128,
            0,    128,
            128,  0,
            0,    0
        ];
        gl.bufferData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, new Float32Array(vertices), gl.STATIC_DRAW);
        var squareVertexTextureBuffer = this.squareVertexTextureBuffer = gl.createBuffer();
        gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, squareVertexTextureBuffer);
        var texcoords = [
            0, 0,
            1, 0,
            0, 1,
            1, 1
        ];
        gl.bufferData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, new Float32Array(texcoords), gl.STATIC_DRAW);
        gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, null);
    }
});

var HelloWorldScene = cc.Scene.extend({
    onEnter:function () {
        this._super();
        var layer = new ShaderLayer();
        this.addChild(layer);
          
            cc.eventManager.addListener({
                event: cc.EventListener.KEYBOARD,
                onKeyReleased: function(keyCode, event) {
                    if (keyCode == cc.KEY.back) {
                        cc.director.end();
                    }
                }}, this);
    }
});

 


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