我給MIS類型的軟件分四個實現層次,三層架構。
BusinessLogic 業務實體 由LLBL Gen 生成業務實體,代碼生成器生成
Interface 數據訪問接口 根據實體產生的數據訪問接口,由Code Smith生成
Manager 接口實現 根據實體產生的數據訪問接口的實現代碼,由Code Smith生成
UI 界面層 拖拉控件,綁定數據到界面中
Business Logic 業務實體層
以ORM作為數據訪問基礎技術,業務實體中包含數據之間的關系邏輯,而不再是用於填充數據的實體。
以上結構由LLBL Gen自動生成,它已經為我們生成了實體,實體驗證類型,數據訪問接口和相關的輔助類型。
公司注冊中的公司實體,它的定義如下代碼所示
[Serializable] public partial class CompanyEntity : CommonEntityBase // __LLBLGENPRO_USER_CODE_REGION_START AdditionalInterfaces // __LLBLGENPRO_USER_CODE_REGION_END
{ #region Class Member Declarations private EntityCollection<ModuleEntity> _modules; // __LLBLGENPRO_USER_CODE_REGION_START PrivateMembers // __LLBLGENPRO_USER_CODE_REGION_END #endregion #region Statics private static Dictionary<string, string> _customProperties; private static Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, string>> _fieldsCustomProperties; /// <summary>All names of fields mapped onto a relation. Usable for in-memory filtering</summary> public static partial class MemberNames { /// <summary>Member name Modules</summary> public static readonly string Modules = "Modules"; } #endregion /// <summary> Static CTor for setting up custom property hashtables. Is executed before the first instance of this entity class or derived classes is constructed. </summary> static CompanyEntity() { SetupCustomPropertyHashtables(); } /// <summary> CTor</summary> public CompanyEntity():base("CompanyEntity") { InitClassEmpty(null, null); } ..... }
LLBL Gen設計器生成的實體代碼有幾個特點
- 生成有多個用途的構造方法(ctor)。我們經常用到的是不帶參數的構造方法,和帶有主鍵值參數的方法。
[EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)] protected CompanyEntity(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) : base(info, context) { if(SerializationHelper.Optimization != SerializationOptimization.Fast) { _modules = (EntityCollection<ModuleEntity>)info.GetValue("_modules", typeof(EntityCollection<ModuleEntity>)); this.FixupDeserialization(FieldInfoProviderSingleton.GetInstance()); } // __LLBLGENPRO_USER_CODE_REGION_START DeserializationConstructor // __LLBLGENPRO_USER_CODE_REGION_END }
這個構造方法用在序列化對象時發生,比如.net Remoting遠程返回對象時。
- 生成包含自定義屬性的字段 自定義屬性常用用屬性的特殊設置。比如CompanyEntity.CompanyCode,實際中為了不區分CompanyCode的大小寫,統一要求為大寫,我們可以在此添加自定義屬性RequiredCap,再到程序運行時讀取此屬性,並設置控件的字母大小寫特性。
private static Dictionary<string, string> _customProperties; private static Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, string>> _fieldsCustomProperties; private static void SetupCustomPropertyHashtables() { _customProperties = new Dictionary<string, string>(); _fieldsCustomProperties = new Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, string>>(); Dictionary<string, string> fieldHashtable; fieldHashtable = new Dictionary<string, string>(); _fieldsCustomProperties.Add("CompanyCode", fieldHashtable); ...... Dictionary<string, string> fieldCustomProperties = CompanyEntity.FieldsCustomProperties["CompanyCode"]; string requiredCap = fieldCustomProperties["RequiredCap"];
讀取自定義屬性RequiredCap的值為true時,設置控件的CharachterCasing屬性。
界面和邏輯分離
再來看業務實體的業務計算如何發生。示例代碼如下所示
protected override void OnFieldValueChanged(object originalValue, IEntityField2 field) { base.OnFieldValueChanged(originalValue, field); switch ((CompanyFieldIndex)field.FieldIndex) { case CompanyFieldIndex.DriverAssembly: OnChangeDriverAssembly((string)originalValue); break; } } private void OnChangeDriverAssembly(string originalValue) { if (this.DriverAssembly == originalValue || String.IsNullOrEmpty(DriverAssembly)) return; this.DriverType = BaseCommon.GetProjectName(ModuleType.BusinessLogic, DriverAssembly); }
當我在界面中改變當前界面插件程序集時,它會為我自動讀取這個程序集的類型信息,項目命名信息。要理解這種方式,需要先理解.NET開發中的數據綁定技術。數據源控件相當於一個橋梁,連接數據實體和界面控件,當給數據源控件賦值時,控件會讀取數據實體的值,當界面中的控件值發生改變時,借助於數據源控件,自動把更改后的數據回寫到數據實體中。所以,當數據實體中值發生改變后,我們可以注冊相應的改變事件,作出業務邏輯處理,數據源控件會讀取改變之后的數據實體值,呈現在界面上。幾乎所有的業務邏輯是依照此方式編程,也實現了界面和邏輯分離。
界面和邏輯分離后,界面中的作用就是將控件綁定到數據源控件,再以Code Smith來生成數據讀寫接口:
public override EntityBase2 LoadEntity(string refNo) { IItemManager manager = ClientProxyFactory.CreateProxyInstance<IItemManager>(); ItemEntity customer = manager.GetItem(refNo); return customer; } public override void DeleteEntity(EntityBase2 entity) { ItemEntity user = (ItemEntity)entity; IItemManager manager = ClientProxyFactory.CreateProxyInstance<IItemManager>(); manager.DeleteItem(user); } public override void SaveEntity(EntityBase2 entity) { ItemEntity user = (ItemEntity)entity; IItemManager manager = ClientProxyFactory.CreateProxyInstance<IItemManager>(); manager.SaveItem(user); }
系統中所有與數據庫讀寫相關的界面代碼均是以此方式實現。
Interface/Implementation 接口層和接口實現層
接口與它的實體均以Code Smith模板生成,效率高。如下所示的供應商接口
public interface IVendorManager { VendorEntity GetVendor(System.String VendorNo); VendorEntity GetVendor(System.String VendorNo, IPrefetchPath2 prefetchPath); VendorEntity GetVendor(System.String VendorNo, IPrefetchPath2 prefetchPath, ExcludeIncludeFieldsList fieldList); EntityCollection GetVendorCollection(IRelationPredicateBucket filterBucket); EntityCollection GetVendorCollection(IRelationPredicateBucket filterBucket, ISortExpression sortExpression); EntityCollection GetVendorCollection(IRelationPredicateBucket filterBucket, ISortExpression sortExpression, IPrefetchPath2 prefetchPath); EntityCollection GetVendorCollection(IRelationPredicateBucket filterBucket, ISortExpression sortExpression, IPrefetchPath2 prefetchPath, ExcludeIncludeFieldsList fieldList); VendorEntity SaveVendor(VendorEntity vendor); VendorEntity SaveVendor(VendorEntity vendor, EntityCollection entitiesToDelete); VendorEntity SaveVendor(VendorEntity vendor, EntityCollection entitiesToDelete, string seriesCode); void SaveCollection(EntityCollection vendors); void DeleteVendor(VendorEntity vendor); bool IsVendorExist(System.String VendorNo); bool IsVendorExist(IRelationPredicateBucket filterBucket); int GetVendorCount(IRelationPredicateBucket filterBucket); VendorEntity CloneVendor(System.String VendorNo); void PostVendor(System.String VendorNo); void PostVendor(VendorEntity vendor); void ApprovalItem(EntityCollection vendors); }
實現接口的Manager類型代碼例子如下
public class VendorManager : Foundation.Common.ManagerBase, IVendorManager { public VendorEntity GetVendor(System.String VendorNo) { return GetVendor(VendorNo, null); } public VendorEntity GetVendor(System.String VendorNo, IPrefetchPath2 prefetchPath) { return GetVendor(VendorNo, prefetchPath, null); } public VendorEntity GetVendor(System.String VendorNo, IPrefetchPath2 prefetchPath, ExcludeIncludeFieldsList fieldList) { VendorEntity _Vendor = new VendorEntity(VendorNo); using (DataAccessAdapterBase adapter = GetCompanyDataAccessAdapter()) { bool found = adapter.FetchEntity(_Vendor, prefetchPath, null, fieldList); if (!found) throw new Foundation.Common.RecordNotFoundException("Invalid Vendor"); } return _Vendor; }
界面層中或是實體層,使用下面的接口來訪問接口:
ICompanyManager _companyManager = ClientProxyFactory.CreateProxyInstance<ICompanyManager>(); CompanyEntity _company = _companyManager.GetCompany(“Kingston”)
如果沒有采用分布式技術(.net Remoting,WCF),CreateProxyInstance方法直接返回ICompanyManager接口的實體類型的實例,供接口調用。如果有應用.net Remoting技術,則先以下面的方法產生服務器對象:客戶端產生的實體對象會是一個遠程代理,指向遠程對象:
RemotingConfiguration.RegisterActivatedServiceType(type);
接口與實現分離的好處在這里體現的很明顯,簡單的切換部署模式(單機,分布式)不需要改變代碼。