系统Ubuntu 18.04
ROS版本 Melodic
1. 更改ROS源
在清华TUNA的开源库中选择ROS
2. 按照教程开始进行操作
http://wiki.ros.org/melodic/Installation/Ubuntu
1.1不需要进行,apt源选择国内的镜像源,在/etc/apt/sources.list中修改成清华apt源即可
1.2 点击Mirror链接,选择国内镜像
选择USTC或者清华的都可以
1.3-1.6按照指导进行即可,在1.6第一步安装完依赖条件后,进行初始化操作
sudo apt install python-rosdep
然后进行sudo rosdep init
此时出现错误需要自行修改,详见:
在/etc/ros/rosdep/sources.list.d/目录下新建20-default.list,直接添加下载好的内部路径
# os-specific listings first
#yaml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/osx-homebrew.yaml osx
yaml file:///etc/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/osx-homebrew.yaml osx
# generic
#yaml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/base.yaml
#yaml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/python.yaml
#yaml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/ruby.yaml
#gbpdistro https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/releases/fuerte.yaml fuerte
yaml file:///etc/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/base.yaml
yaml file:///etc/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/python.yaml
yaml file:///etc/ros/rosdistro/master/rosdep/ruby.yaml
gbpdistro file:///etc/ros/rosdistro/master/releases/fuerte.yaml fuerte
# newer distributions (Groovy, Hydro, ...) must not be listed anymore, they are being fetched from the rosdistro index.yaml instead
此时再进入/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/rosdistro/__init__.py,将下载网站链接修改为内部路径
#DEFAULT_INDEX_URL = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/index-v4.yaml'
DEFAULT_INDEX_URL = 'file:///etc/ros/rosdistro/master/index-v4.yaml'
需要的文件从下面云盘中直接下载,解压到/etc/ros目录下。需要超级权限。
链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/19OCXIUgZ1RNHV33noc1auw
提取码: tnn9
保存在/etc/ros/ 路径下(用sudo cp -r ~/rosdistro /etc/ros/)
Ubuntu中的cp命令(https://blog.csdn.net/jiangyongy/article/details/78902966)
最后执行rosdep update,完成更新升级
3. 设置环境变量
echo "source /opt/ros/melodic/setup.bash" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc
将ros的启动文件添加到bash中,激活bash
4. ROS安装完成后运行小乌龟程序
$roscore
新开一个terminal,打开小乌龟窗口
$rosrun turtlesim turtlesim_node
新开一个terminal,打开小乌龟控制窗口,用方向键控制小乌龟运动
$rosrun turtlesim turtle_teleop_key
选中控制窗口按方向键即可看到小乌龟窗口中小乌龟运动
再新开一个terminal,显示ROS图形化GUI,显示节点关系
$rosrun rqt_graph rqt_graph
如果正常运行,说明ROS安装成功
5. 其他参考
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/149707893