1.首先安裝所有的必備的依賴庫，包括git。
sudo apt install libncurses5-dev libgtk2.0-dev libatk1.0-dev \ libcairo2-dev libx11-dev libxpm-dev libxt-dev python2-dev \ python3-dev ruby-dev lua5.2 liblua5.2-dev libperl-dev git
2、卸載debian自帶的vim
sudo apt remove vim vim-runtime gvim
3、設置系統的python3的目錄。注意這個根據python的安裝版本稍有不同，比我我安裝的是python3.7，故目錄是： /usr/lib/python3.7/config ，這里參考： https://github.com/ycm-core/YouCompleteMe/wiki/Building-Vim-from-source
Note: If you are using Python, your config directory might have a machine-specific name (e.g. config-3.5m-x86_64-linux-gnu).
Check in /usr/lib/python[2/3/3.5] to find yours, and change the python-config-dir and/or python3-config-dir arguments accordingly.
4、如果你想將來容易的卸載，請用checkinstall軟件
sudo apt install checkinstall cd ~/vim sudo checkinstall
或者用通常的安裝方法：
cd ~/vim
sudo make install
5、用update-alternatives設置vim作為默認的編輯器。
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/editor editor /usr/local/bin/vim 1 sudo update-alternatives --set editor /usr/local/bin/vim sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/vi vi /usr/local/bin/vim 1 sudo update-alternatives --set vi /usr/local/bin/vim
6、編譯完成的vim沒有幫助文檔，這個些文檔在git的vim目錄下面，把它復制到home目錄里面就可以用了：
cp -r vim/runtime/doc ~/.vim/doc