通過ASMCMD命令連接ASM，Connected to an idle instance
[root@shdb02 ~]# su - oracle [oracle@shdb02 ~]$ asmcmd Connected to an idle instance. ASMCMD> cd +DATA
//輸入命令顯示沒有連接到 oracle asm ASMCMD-8102: no connection to Oracle ASM; command requires Oracle ASM to run ASMCMD> pwd ASMCMD-8102: no connection to Oracle ASM; command requires Oracle ASM to run ASMCMD> help commands: -------- md_backup, md_restore lsattr, setattr cd, cp, du, find, help, ls, lsct, lsdg, lsof, mkalias mkdir, pwd, rm, rmalias chdg, chkdg, dropdg, iostat, lsdsk, lsod, mkdg, mount offline, online, rebal, remap, umount dsget, dsset, lsop, shutdown, spbackup, spcopy, spget spmove, spset, startup chtmpl, lstmpl, mktmpl, rmtmpl chgrp, chmod, chown, groups, grpmod, lsgrp, lspwusr, lsusr mkgrp, mkusr, orapwusr, passwd, rmgrp, rmusr volcreate, voldelete, voldisable, volenable, volinfo volresize, volset, volstat ASMCMD> exit [oracle@shfpdb02 dbs]$ exit logout
//換到grid用戶 [root@shdb02 ~]# su - grid [grid@shdb02 ~]$ asmcmd ASMCMD> cd / ASMCMD> ll commands: -------- md_backup, md_restore lsattr, setattr cd, cp, du, find, help, ls, lsct, lsdg, lsof, mkalias mkdir, pwd, rm, rmalias chdg, chkdg, dropdg, iostat, lsdsk, lsod, mkdg, mount offline, online, rebal, remap, umount dsget, dsset, lsop, shutdown, spbackup, spcopy, spget spmove, spset, startup chtmpl, lstmpl, mktmpl, rmtmpl chgrp, chmod, chown, groups, grpmod, lsgrp, lspwusr, lsusr mkgrp, mkusr, orapwusr, passwd, rmgrp, rmusr volcreate, voldelete, voldisable, volenable, volinfo volresize, volset, volstat ASMCMD> ls ARCH/ DATA/ FRA/ OCR/
查看系統一些環境信息
[oracle@shdb02 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
[oracle@shfpdb02 ~]$ env | grep ORA
ORACLE_PATH=.:/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/home/oracle/bin:/home/oracle/bin:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/OPatch:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin:/u01/app/oracle/common/oracle/bin:/u01/app/oracle/common/oracle/sql:.:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin
ORACLE_SID=ht2
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_TERM=xterm
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
查看asm的相關信息
[root@shdb02 ~]# su - grid
[grid@shdb02 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2 [grid@shdb02 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL> set linesize 200 SQL> col path for a30 SQL> select name,path,state,group_number from v$asm_disk; NAME PATH STATE GROUP_NUMBER ------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------- ------------ /dev/asm-disky NORMAL 0 /dev/asm-diskz NORMAL 0 /dev/asm-diskx NORMAL 0 /dev/asm-diskw NORMAL 0 /dev/asm-diskv NORMAL 0 /dev/asm-disku NORMAL 0 /dev/asm-diskt NORMAL 0 /dev/asm-disks NORMAL 0 DATA_0003 /dev/asm-diskad NORMAL 2 DATA_0002 /dev/asm-diskac NORMAL 2 ARCH_0004 /dev/asm-diski NORMAL 1 NAME PATH STATE GROUP_NUMBER ------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------- ------------ ARCH_0003 /dev/asm-diskh NORMAL 1 DATA_0001 /dev/asm-diskab NORMAL 2 DATA_0000 /dev/asm-diskaa NORMAL 2 ARCH_0001 /dev/asm-diskf NORMAL 1 ARCH_0002 /dev/asm-diskg NORMAL 1 ARCH_0000 /dev/asm-diske NORMAL 1 OCR_0002 /dev/asm-diskd NORMAL 4 DATA_0006 /dev/asm-diskq NORMAL 2 DATA_0007 /dev/asm-diskr NORMAL 2 OCR_0001 /dev/asm-diskc NORMAL 4 DATA_0005 /dev/asm-diskp NORMAL 2 NAME PATH STATE GROUP_NUMBER ------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------- ------------ DATA_0004 /dev/asm-disko NORMAL 2 FRA_0003 /dev/asm-diskn NORMAL 3 FRA_0001 /dev/asm-diskl NORMAL 3 FRA_0002 /dev/asm-diskm NORMAL 3 FRA_0000 /dev/asm-diskk NORMAL 3 OCR_0000 /dev/asm-diskb NORMAL 4 28 rows selected. 如何知道rac使用的是pfile or spfile SQL> show parameter pfile NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ spfile string +OCR/shdb-cluster/asmparamet erfile/registry.253.975783623 SQL> show parameter spfile NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ spfile string +OCR/shdb-cluster/asmparamet erfile/registry.253.975783623 asm日志 [grid@shdb02 ~]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/log/diag/asmcmd/user_oracle/shdb02/alert/alert.log 29-Oct-20 18:03 Connected to an idle instance. 29-Oct-20 18:03 ASMCMD-8102: no connection to Oracle ASM; command requires Oracle ASM to run 29-Oct-20 18:04 Connected to an idle instance. 29-Oct-20 18:04 ASMCMD-8102: no connection to Oracle ASM; command requires Oracle ASM to run 29-Oct-20 18:09 Connected to an idle instance. 29-Oct-20 18:09 ASMCMD-8102: no connection to Oracle ASM; command requires Oracle ASM to run 29-Oct-20 18:10 Connected to an idle instance. 29-Oct-20 18:10 ASMCMD-8102: no connection to Oracle ASM; command requires Oracle ASM to run 08-Dec-21 11:36 Connected to an idle instance. 08-Dec-21 11:36 ASMCMD-8102: no connection to Oracle ASM; command requires Oracle ASM to run 10-Dec-21 13:45 Connected to an idle instance. 10-Dec-21 13:45 ASMCMD-8102: no connection to Oracle ASM; command requires Oracle ASM to run 14-Mar-22 12:04 Connected to an idle instance. 14-Mar-22 12:04 ASMCMD-8102: no connection to Oracle ASM; command requires Oracle ASM to run 14-Mar-22 12:04 ASMCMD-8102: no connection to Oracle ASM; command requires Oracle ASM to run 14-Mar-22 12:04 ASMCMD-8102: no connection to Oracle ASM; command requires Oracle ASM to run 14-Mar-22 12:08 Connected to an idle instance. 14-Mar-22 12:08 ASMCMD-8102: no connection to Oracle ASM; command requires Oracle ASM to run 14-Mar-22 13:40 Connected to an idle instance. 14-Mar-22 13:40 ASMCMD-8102: no connection to Oracle ASM; command requires Oracle ASM to run 14-Mar-22 13:41 Connected to an idle instance. 14-Mar-22 13:41 ASMCMD-8102: no connection to Oracle ASM; command requires Oracle ASM to run [grid@shdb02 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_BASE /u01/app/grid [grid@shdb02 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
查看asmcmd有三種方式
1、asmcmd命令行模式
ASMCMD>cd + //切換到ASM磁盤根路徑 ASMCMD> pwd + //當前路徑為根路徑 + //列出當前ASM客戶端的信息 ASMCMD> lsct DB_Name Status Software_Version Compatible_version Instance_Name Disk_Group +ASM CONNECTED 11.2.0.4.0 11.2.0.4.0 +ASM2 OCR +ASM CONNECTED 11.2.0.4.0 11.2.0.4.0 +ASM2 DATA fp CONNECTED 11.2.0.4.0 11.2.0.4.0 fp2 DATA ht CONNECTED 11.2.0.4.0 11.2.0.4.0 ht2 DATA ht CONNECTED 11.2.0.4.0 11.2.0.4.0 ht2 FRA //列出所有磁盤組及其屬性 ASMCMD> lsdg State Type Rebal Sector Block AU Total_MB Free_MB Req_mir_free_MB Usable_file_MB Offline_disks Voting_files Name MOUNTED EXTERN N 512 4096 1048576 5242880 4969060 0 4969060 0 N ARCH/ MOUNTED EXTERN N 512 4096 1048576 8388608 4291161 0 4291161 0 N DATA/ MOUNTED EXTERN N 512 4096 1048576 4194304 4148235 0 4148235 0 N FRA/ MOUNTED NORMAL N 512 4096 1048576 30720 29794 10240 9777 0 Y OCR/ ////列出數據文件信息 ASMCMD> lsof DB_Name Instance_Name Path +ASM +ASM2 +ocr.255.4294967295 fp fp2 +data/fp/controlfile/current.267.1006784839 fp fp2 +data/fp/datafile/epssite.dbf fp fp2 +data/fp/datafile/example.14574.1006784845 fp fp2 +data/fp/datafile/mall.14576.1007732257 fp fp2 +data/fp/datafile/shfp.14578.1007732255 fp fp2 +data/fp/datafile/shfppj.14579.1007731213 fp fp2 +data/fp/datafile/sysaux.264.1006784737 fp fp2 +data/fp/datafile/system.14577.1006784737 fp fp2 +data/fp/datafile/undotbs1.265.1006784737 fp fp2 +data/fp/datafile/undotbs2.14573.1006785011 fp fp2 +data/fp/datafile/users.266.1006784737 fp fp2 +data/fp/onlinelog/group_1.263.1006784841 fp fp2 +data/fp/onlinelog/group_2.262.1006784841 fp fp2 +data/fp/onlinelog/group_3.14572.1006785065 fp fp2 +data/fp/onlinelog/group_4.261.1006785065 fp fp2 +data/fp/tempfile/temp.14575.1006784845 ht ht2 +data/htstandby/controlfile/current.256.975847439 ht ht2 +data/htstandby/datafile/epssite.271.975888699 //列出盤的信息 ASMCMD> lsdsk Path /dev/asm-diskaa /dev/asm-diskab /dev/asm-diskac /dev/asm-diskad /dev/asm-diskb /dev/asm-diskc /dev/asm-diskd /dev/asm-diske /dev/asm-diskf /dev/asm-diskg /dev/asm-diskh /dev/asm-diski /dev/asm-diskk /dev/asm-diskl /dev/asm-diskm /dev/asm-diskn /dev/asm-disko /dev/asm-diskp /dev/asm-diskq /dev/asm-diskr
2、不進入asmcmd下，直接執行asmcmd命令方式
不進入ASM命令模式下操作，如： //查看ASM磁盤占用情況 [grid@shdb02 ~]$ asmcmd ls -ls State Type Rebal Sector Block AU Total_MB Free_MB Req_mir_free_MB Usable_file_MB Offline_disks Voting_files Name MOUNTED EXTERN N 512 4096 1048576 5242880 4969060 0 4969060 0 N ARCH/ MOUNTED EXTERN N 512 4096 1048576 8388608 4291161 0 4291161 0 N DATA/ MOUNTED EXTERN N 512 4096 1048576 4194304 4148235 0 4148235 0 N FRA/ MOUNTED NORMAL N 512 4096 1048576 30720 29794 10240 9777 0 Y OCR/
3、在ASM 實例模式下
//在命令提示符中，設置oracle_sid環境變量為+ASM實例
[grid@shdb02 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2
//在Oracle11g RAC 中以grid用戶登入后 , 以sysdba登入也是可以查看asm實例相關的狀態， 但是不能做變更， sysasm 角色連接后才可以。 [grid@shdb02 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysasm ##或 sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Mar 14 14:13:52 2022 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options SQL> set linesize 200 SQL> col path for a30 SQL> select name,path,state from v$asm_disk; NAME PATH STATE ------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------- /dev/asm-disky NORMAL /dev/asm-diskz NORMAL /dev/asm-diskx NORMAL /dev/asm-diskw NORMAL /dev/asm-diskv NORMAL /dev/asm-disku NORMAL /dev/asm-diskt NORMAL /dev/asm-disks NORMAL DATA_0003 /dev/asm-diskad NORMAL DATA_0002 /dev/asm-diskac NORMAL ARCH_0004 /dev/asm-diski NORMAL NAME PATH STATE ------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------- ARCH_0003 /dev/asm-diskh NORMAL DATA_0001 /dev/asm-diskab NORMAL DATA_0000 /dev/asm-diskaa NORMAL ARCH_0001 /dev/asm-diskf NORMAL ARCH_0002 /dev/asm-diskg NORMAL ARCH_0000 /dev/asm-diske NORMAL OCR_0002 /dev/asm-diskd NORMAL DATA_0006 /dev/asm-diskq NORMAL DATA_0007 /dev/asm-diskr NORMAL OCR_0001 /dev/asm-diskc NORMAL DATA_0005 /dev/asm-diskp NORMAL NAME PATH STATE ------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------- DATA_0004 /dev/asm-disko NORMAL FRA_0003 /dev/asm-diskn NORMAL FRA_0001 /dev/asm-diskl NORMAL FRA_0002 /dev/asm-diskm NORMAL FRA_0000 /dev/asm-diskk NORMAL OCR_0000 /dev/asm-diskb NORMAL 28 rows selected.