目錄
- 堪比JMeter的.Net壓測工具 - Crank 入門篇
- 堪比JMeter的.Net壓測工具 - Crank 進階篇 - 認識yml
- 堪比JMeter的.Net壓測工具 - Crank 進階篇 - 認識bombardier
- 堪比JMeter的.Net壓測工具 - Crank 進階篇 - 認識wrk、wrk2
- 堪比JMeter的.Net壓測工具 - Crank 實戰篇 - 接口以及場景壓測
- 堪比JMeter的.Net壓測工具 - Crank 實戰篇 - 收集診斷跟蹤信息與如何分析瓶頸
- 堪比JMeter的.Net壓測工具 - Crank 總結篇 - crank帶來了什么
1. 前言
通過之前的學習,我們已經了解了各參數以及配置的意義,接下來的文章我們分別從bombardier以及wrk入手,進一步了解彼此之間的聯系
2. 認識 bombardier
bombardier 是一個 HTTP(S) 基准測試工具。它是用 Go 編程語言編寫的,並使用優秀的fasthttp代替 Go 的默認 http 庫,因為它具有閃電般的快速性能,詳細文檔查看
其支持參數:
-c, --connections=125 Maximum number of concurrent connections
-t, --timeout=2s Socket/request timeout
-l, --latencies Print latency statistics
-m, --method=GET Request method
-b, --body="" Request body
-f, --body-file="" File to use as request body
-s, --stream Specify whether to stream body using chunked
transfer encoding or to serve it from memory
--cert="" Path to the client's TLS Certificate
--key="" Path to the client's TLS Certificate Private Key
-k, --insecure Controls whether a client verifies the server's
certificate chain and host name
-H, --header="K: V" ... HTTP headers to use(can be repeated)
-n, --requests=[pos. int.] Number of requests
-d, --duration=10s Duration of test
-r, --rate=[pos. int.] Rate limit in requests per second
--fasthttp Use fasthttp client
--http1 Use net/http client with forced HTTP/1.x
--http2 Use net/http client with enabled HTTP/2.0
-p, --print=<spec> Specifies what to output. Comma-separated list of
values 'intro' (short: 'i'), 'progress' (short:
'p'), 'result' (short: 'r'). Examples:
* i,p,r (prints everything)
* intro,result (intro & result)
* r (result only)
* result (same as above)
-q, --no-print Don't output anything
-o, --format=<spec> Which format to use to output the result. <spec>
is either a name (or its shorthand) of some format
understood by bombardier or a path to the
user-defined template, which uses Go's
text/template syntax, prefixed with 'path:' string
(without single quotes), i.e.
"path:/some/path/to/your.template" or
"path:C:\some\path\to\your.template" in case of
Windows. Formats understood by bombardier are:
* plain-text (short: pt)
* json (short: j)
並且bombardier支持多平台,可以在Windows、Linux、OSX系統上運行,那接下來我們使用bombardier測試一下百度的壓測情況
安裝(WSL-Ubuntu):
sudo apt install wget
sudo wget https://github.com/codesenberg/bombardier/releases/download/v1.2.5/bombardier-linux-arm64
運行:
./bombardier-linux-arm64 -c 200 -d 1s --insecure -l https://www.baidu.com --print r --format json
其中:
- req1xx代表http響應碼為1**
- req2xx代表http響應碼為2**
- req3xx代表http響應碼為3**
- req4xx代表http響應碼為4**
- req5xx代表http響應碼為5**
- result.rps.mean代表每秒請求數
- result.rps.max代表每秒最大請求數
- result.latency.mean代表每毫秒延遲
- result.latency.max代表每毫秒最大延遲
3. 了解Microsoft.Crank.Jobs.Bombardier
在Microsoft.Crank.Jobs.Bombardier項目中Program.cs
- 根據參數獲取-w、-d、-n、-f參數信息
- 校驗壓測時長、請求數等參數信息
- 判斷當前運行環境是Windows、Linux、OSX,根據環境下載對應的bombardier,並根據傳遞的
- 根據yml參數最后拼裝bombardier的原始命令:
bombardier -c 200 -d 1s --insecure -l https://www.baidu.com --print r --format json
- 將輸出的結果使用追加到stringBuilder上,再賦值給output
- 通過JObject.Parse解析指標,最后通過BenchmarksEventSource存儲並輸出到控制台或數據庫、csv、json中
其中
- 請求總數 = req1xx + req2xx + req3xx + req4xx + req5xx + others
- 成功請求數 = req2xx + req3xx
- 失敗請求數 = 請求總數 - 成功請求數
BenchmarksEventSource.Register("bombardier/requests;http/requests", Operations.Max, Operations.Sum, "Requests", "Total number of requests", "n0");
BenchmarksEventSource.Register("bombardier/badresponses;http/requests/badresponses", Operations.Max, Operations.Sum, "Bad responses", "Non-2xx or 3xx responses", "n0");
BenchmarksEventSource.Register("bombardier/latency/mean;http/latency/mean", Operations.Max, Operations.Avg, "Mean latency (us)", "Mean latency (us)", "n0");
BenchmarksEventSource.Register("bombardier/latency/max;http/latency/max", Operations.Max, Operations.Max, "Max latency (us)", "Max latency (us)", "n0");
BenchmarksEventSource.Register("bombardier/rps/mean;http/rps/mean", Operations.Max, Operations.Sum, "Requests/sec", "Requests per second", "n0");
BenchmarksEventSource.Register("bombardier/rps/max;http/rps/max", Operations.Max, Operations.Sum, "Requests/sec (max)", "Max requests per second", "n0");
BenchmarksEventSource.Register("bombardier/throughput;http/throughput", Operations.Max, Operations.Sum, "Read throughput (MB/s)", "Read throughput (MB/s)", "n2");
BenchmarksEventSource.Register("bombardier/raw", Operations.All, Operations.All, "Raw results", "Raw results", "json");
var total =
document["result"]["req1xx"].Value<long>()
+ document["result"]["req2xx"].Value<long>()
+ document["result"]["req3xx"].Value<long>()
+ document["result"]["req3xx"].Value<long>()
+ document["result"]["req4xx"].Value<long>()
+ document["result"]["req5xx"].Value<long>()
+ document["result"]["others"].Value<long>();
var success = document["result"]["req2xx"].Value<long>() + document["result"]["req3xx"].Value<long>();
BenchmarksEventSource.Measure("bombardier/requests;http/requests", total);
BenchmarksEventSource.Measure("bombardier/badresponses;http/requests/badresponses", total - success);
BenchmarksEventSource.Measure("bombardier/latency/mean;http/latency/mean", document["result"]["latency"]["mean"].Value<double>());
BenchmarksEventSource.Measure("bombardier/latency/max;http/latency/max", document["result"]["latency"]["max"].Value<double>());
BenchmarksEventSource.Measure("bombardier/rps/max;http/rps/max", document["result"]["rps"]["max"].Value<double>());
BenchmarksEventSource.Measure("bombardier/rps/mean;http/rps/mean", document["result"]["rps"]["mean"].Value<double>());
BenchmarksEventSource.Measure("bombardier/raw", output);
var bytesPerSecond = document["result"]["bytesRead"].Value<long>() / document["result"]["timeTakenSeconds"].Value<double>();
// B/s to MB/s
BenchmarksEventSource.Measure("bombardier/throughput", bytesPerSecond / 1024 / 1024);
4. 解讀bombardier.yml各參數作用
- connections: 最大並發連接數,默認: 256
- warmup: 預熱時間,默認15s,與執行duration類似,而並非壓測次數
- 當warmup > 0時,會先預熱warmup秒后再執行一次壓測,第二次的壓測才是最后返回的結果
- 當warmup = 0時,不進行預熱,直接開始壓測
- duration: 測試時長,單位: s
- requests: 請求數
- rate: 每秒請求數限制
- transport: 傳輸方式。默認: fasthttp 、支持fasthttp、http1、http2三種
- presetHeaders: 預設header,根據全局參數headers,自選其一即可,選擇json,那請求的header即為: --header "Accept: application/json,text/html;q=0.9,application/xhtml+xml;q=0.9,application/xml;q=0.8,/;q=0.7" --header "Connection: keep-alive"
- customHeaders: 自定義headers,如果預設headers中沒有需要的header,則通過重寫customHeaders,以完成自定義header的目的
- serverUri: 自定義url,如果此參數存在,則請求地址為: {serverUri}:
- serverPort: 服務端口
- serverScheme: 服務的Scheme,默認http、支持http、https兩種
- serverAddress: 服務地址、不包含http、例如: www.baidu.com,如果serverUri存在,此配置無效,如果不存在,請求格式為: {serverScheme}😕/{serverAddress}:
- path: 服務接口地址,不包含域,例如: /api/check/healthy
- bodyFile: body內容,僅在非Get請求時使用,支持遠程路徑與本地絕對路徑(Agent服務的絕對地址,非Controller端的絕對地址)
- verb: 請求方式: 默認GET、支持POST、PUT、DELETE、PATCH、GET
5. 總結
優勢:
- 跨平台
- 用法簡單
- 使用go語言開發、性能高
劣勢:
- 不支持動態參數
- 不支持多個接口同時壓測
bombardier.yml的存在是為Microsoft.Crank.Jobs.Bombardier提供配置參數,Microsoft.Crank.Jobs.Bombardier通過調用開源項目bombardier實現壓測,並將壓測結果通過BenchmarksEventSource存儲並輸出到控制台或數據庫、csv、json中
源碼地址:https://github.com/doddgu/crank/tree/sample
開源地址
MASA.BuildingBlocks:https://github.com/masastack/MASA.BuildingBlocks
MASA.Contrib:https://github.com/masastack/MASA.Contrib
MASA.Utils:https://github.com/masastack/MASA.Utils
MASA.EShop:https://github.com/masalabs/MASA.EShop
MASA.Blazor:https://github.com/BlazorComponent/MASA.Blazor
如果你對我們的 MASA Framework 感興趣,無論是代碼貢獻、使用、提 Issue,歡迎聯系我們