An attic (sometimes referred to as a loft) is a space found directly below the pitched roof of a house or other building; an attic may also be called a sky parlor or a garret. Because attics fill the space between the ceiling of the top floor of a building and the slanted roof, they are known for being awkwardly shaped spaces with exposed rafters and difficult-to-reach corners.
Attic(有時被稱為loft)是一個位於房屋或其他建築斜屋頂正下方的空間;attic也可以被稱為空中parlor或garret。由於attic占據了建築頂層天花板和斜屋頂之間的空間,因此它以其造型笨拙、椽子外露、角落難以觸及而聞名。
While some attics are converted into bedrooms, home offices, or attic apartments complete with windows and staircases, most remain difficult to access (and are usually entered using a loft hatch and ladder). Attics are generally used for storage, though they can also help control temperatures in a house by providing a large mass of slowly moving air. The hot air rising from the lower floors of a building is often retained in attics, further compounding their reputation as inhospitable environments. However, in recent years attics have been insulated to help decrease heating costs, since, on average, uninsulated attics account for 15 percent of the total energy loss in average houses.
雖然一些閣樓被改造成卧室、家庭辦公室或帶有窗戶和樓梯的閣樓公寓,但大多數閣樓仍然難以進入(通常使用閣樓艙口和梯子進入)。閣樓通常用於儲藏,但它們也可以通過提供大量緩慢移動的空氣來幫助控制室內溫度。從建築物較低樓層升起的熱空氣通常留在閣樓上,進一步加劇了閣樓作為不適宜居住環境的名聲。然而,近年來,閣樓被隔熱以幫助降低供暖成本,因為平均而言,未隔熱的閣樓占普通房屋總能量損失的15%。
A loft is also the uppermost space in a building but is distinguished from an attic in that an attic typically constitutes an entire floor of the building, while a loft covers only a few rooms, leaving one or more sides open to the lower floor.
Loft也是建築中最上層的空間,但與attic的區別在於,attic通常構成建築的整個樓層,而loft只覆蓋少數房間,使一個或多個側面與下層相通。
Modern building codes permit both vented and unvented attics in all climates, if a building is otherwise correctly constructed.
現代建築規范允許在所有氣候條件下都有通風和無通風的閣樓,前提是建築結構正確。
太平天國起義時期,戰亂迫使江浙一帶的富商、地主、官紳紛紛舉家擁入租界尋求庇護,外國的房產商乘機大量修建住宅,中西合璧的石庫門住宅應運而生。這種建築大量地吸收了江南地區民居的式樣,以石頭做大門框,以烏漆實心厚木做大門扇。漢語中把圍束的圈叫做“箍”,如“金箍棒”,“箍桶”“袖箍”(即袖標)。這種用石條圍束門的建築被叫做“石箍門”,寧波人發“箍”字音發的是“庫”,以后上海的“石箍門”就訛作“石庫門”了。石庫門建築的平面和空間更接近於江南傳統的二層樓的三合院或四合院形式,保持着正當規整的客堂,有樓上安靜的內室,還有習慣中常見的兩廂。
亭子間是上海等地舊式樓房中的小房間。一般在樓上正房的后面樓梯中間,狹小、陰暗。