An attic (sometimes referred to as a loft) is a space found directly below the pitched roof of a house or other building; an attic may also be called a sky parlor or a garret. Because attics fill the space between the ceiling of the top floor of a building and the slanted roof, they are known for being awkwardly shaped spaces with exposed rafters and difficult-to-reach corners.
Attic(有时被称为loft)是一个位于房屋或其他建筑斜屋顶正下方的空间;attic也可以被称为空中parlor或garret。由于attic占据了建筑顶层天花板和斜屋顶之间的空间,因此它以其造型笨拙、椽子外露、角落难以触及而闻名。
While some attics are converted into bedrooms, home offices, or attic apartments complete with windows and staircases, most remain difficult to access (and are usually entered using a loft hatch and ladder). Attics are generally used for storage, though they can also help control temperatures in a house by providing a large mass of slowly moving air. The hot air rising from the lower floors of a building is often retained in attics, further compounding their reputation as inhospitable environments. However, in recent years attics have been insulated to help decrease heating costs, since, on average, uninsulated attics account for 15 percent of the total energy loss in average houses.
虽然一些阁楼被改造成卧室、家庭办公室或带有窗户和楼梯的阁楼公寓,但大多数阁楼仍然难以进入(通常使用阁楼舱口和梯子进入)。阁楼通常用于储藏,但它们也可以通过提供大量缓慢移动的空气来帮助控制室内温度。从建筑物较低楼层升起的热空气通常留在阁楼上,进一步加剧了阁楼作为不适宜居住环境的名声。然而,近年来,阁楼被隔热以帮助降低供暖成本,因为平均而言,未隔热的阁楼占普通房屋总能量损失的15%。
A loft is also the uppermost space in a building but is distinguished from an attic in that an attic typically constitutes an entire floor of the building, while a loft covers only a few rooms, leaving one or more sides open to the lower floor.
Loft也是建筑中最上层的空间,但与attic的区别在于,attic通常构成建筑的整个楼层,而loft只覆盖少数房间,使一个或多个侧面与下层相通。
Modern building codes permit both vented and unvented attics in all climates, if a building is otherwise correctly constructed.
现代建筑规范允许在所有气候条件下都有通风和无通风的阁楼,前提是建筑结构正确。
太平天国起义时期,战乱迫使江浙一带的富商、地主、官绅纷纷举家拥入租界寻求庇护,外国的房产商乘机大量修建住宅,中西合璧的石库门住宅应运而生。这种建筑大量地吸收了江南地区民居的式样,以石头做大门框,以乌漆实心厚木做大门扇。汉语中把围束的圈叫做“箍”,如“金箍棒”,“箍桶”“袖箍”(即袖标)。这种用石条围束门的建筑被叫做“石箍门”,宁波人发“箍”字音发的是“库”,以后上海的“石箍门”就讹作“石库门”了。石库门建筑的平面和空间更接近于江南传统的二层楼的三合院或四合院形式,保持着正当规整的客堂,有楼上安静的内室,还有习惯中常见的两厢。
亭子间是上海等地旧式楼房中的小房间。一般在楼上正房的后面楼梯中间,狭小、阴暗。