自定義菜單需要獲取Access token
公眾號使用AppID和AppSecret調用接口來獲取access_token
公眾號和小程序均可以使用AppID和AppSecret調用本接口來獲取access_token。AppID和AppSecret可在“微信公眾平台-開發-基本配置”頁中獲得
access_token是公眾號的全局唯一接口調用憑據,公眾號調用各接口時都需使用access_token。開發者需要進行妥善保存。access_token的存儲至少要保留512個字符空間。access_token的有效期目前為2個小時,需定時刷新,重復獲取將導致上次獲取的access_token失效。
access_token的有效期是7200秒(兩小時),在有效期內,可以一直使用,只有當access_token過期時,才需要再次調用接口 獲取access_token。在理想情況下,一個7x24小時運行的系統,每天只需要獲取12次access_token,即每2小時獲取一次。如果在 有效期內,再次獲取access_token,那么上一次獲取的access_token將失效。
目前,獲取access_token接口的調用頻率限制為2000次/天,如果每次發送客服消息、獲取用戶信息、群發消息之前都要先調用獲取 access_token接口得到接口訪問憑證,這顯然是不合理的,一方面會更耗時(多了一次接口調用操作),另一方面2000次/天的調用限制恐怕也不 夠用。因此,在實際應用中,我們需要將獲取到的access_token存儲起來,然后定期調用access_token接口更新它,以保證隨時取出的 access_token都是有效的。
先看完成的例子
接口調用請求說明
https請求方式: GET https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET
參數說明
參數 | 說明 |
---|---|
grant_type | 獲取access_token填寫client_credential |
appid | 第三方用戶唯一憑證 |
secret | 第三方用戶唯一憑證密鑰,即appsecret |
返回說明
正常情況下,微信會返回下述JSON數據包給公眾號:
{"access_token":"ACCESS_TOKEN","expires_in":7200}
參數說明
參數 | 說明 |
---|---|
access_token | 獲取到的憑證 |
expires_in | 憑證有效時間,單位:秒 |
封裝這兩個參數
package com.rzk.pojo;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class Token {
private String accessToken;
private int expiresIn;
}
HttpConstant
package com.rzk.util;
public class HttpConstant {
//獲取Access token URI
public static String API_URI = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET";
}
HttpClient 工具類
package com.rzk.util;
import com.rzk.pojo.Token;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.entity.BufferedHttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import java.io.IOException;
public class HttpClient {
/**
* GET請求
* @param url
* @return
*/
public static String doGetRequest(String url) {
String result = "";
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try {
response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
HttpEntity responseEntity = response.getEntity();
result = EntityUtils.toString(responseEntity);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (httpClient != null) {
httpClient.close();
}
if (response != null) {
response.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}return result;
}
}
WxServerController
@GetMapping(value = "accessToken")
public String AccessToken(){
Token token = new Token();
//使用httpclient請求
String result = HttpClient.doGetRequest(HttpConstant.API_URI.replace("APPID", environment.getProperty("wx.appid")).replace("APPSECRET", environment.getProperty("wx.secret")));
//轉成json對象
JSONObject json = JSON.parseObject(result);
token.setAccessToken(String.valueOf(json.get("access_token")));
return token.getAccessToken();
}
請求accessToken
還要去公眾號基礎設置開啟白名單訪問列表,填上你的服務器ip地址即可
整合redis存儲accessToken
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.6.2</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.rzk</groupId>
<artifactId>wxserver</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>wxserver</name>
<description>wxserver</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<httpclient.version>4.5.13</httpclient.version>
<fastjson.version>1.2.76</fastjson.version>
<commons-lang.version>2.6</commons-lang.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--httpclient -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>${httpclient.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>${fastjson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--redis-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>${commons-lang.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<excludes>
<exclude>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</exclude>
</excludes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
application.yml配置文件
配置文件
spring:
redis:
#超過時間
timeout: 10000ms
#地址
host: ip
#端口
port: 6382
#數據庫
database: 0
password: 密碼
lettuce:
pool:
#最大連接數 默認8
max-active: 1024
# 最大連接阻塞等待時間,默認-1
max-wait: 10000ms
#最大空閑連接
max-idle: 200
#最小空閑連接
min-idle: 5
#哨兵模式
sentinel:
#主節點名稱
master: mymaster
#節點
nodes: ip:26381,ip:26382,ip:26383
Controller
@GetMapping(value = "accessToken")
public String getAccessToken(){
Token token = new Token();
//如果不等於空 或者小於600秒
if (redisTemplate.getExpire("expires_in")<600||redisTemplate.getExpire("expires_in")==null){
//使用httpclient請求
String result = HttpClient.doGetRequest(HttpConstant.API_URI.replace("APPID", environment.getProperty("wx.appid")).replace("APPSECRET", environment.getProperty("wx.secret")));
//轉成json對象
JSONObject json = JSON.parseObject(result);
System.out.println(json);
token.setAccessToken(String.valueOf(json.get("access_token")));
token.setExpiresIn((Integer) json.get("expires_in"));
System.out.println(json.get("expires_in"));
System.out.println(token.getExpiresIn());
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("accessToken",json.get("access_token"));
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("expiresIn",json.get("expires_in"),7200, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
String accessToken = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("accessToken").toString();
Long expiresIn = redisTemplate.getExpire("expiresIn");
logger.info("accessToken{}:"+accessToken);
logger.info("expiresIn{}:"+expiresIn);
return token.getAccessToken();
}
我使用redis流程
后續可用springboot自帶的定時任務處理器去開啟定時任務功能
這里就不貼定時任務的代碼了