linux contos7系統升級內核版本，解決apathe24無法編譯安裝的問題，以及升級版本后報錯解決方案

一、前言

          之前發現編譯http2.4的時候，操作正常，http服務啟動不起來，困擾了半天，經過查資料是由於linux 內核版本的問題導致的，所以記錄下解決過程

 

 

 

 1. 查看當前內核版本

一、升級前操作

1. 查看當前內核版本

1. 查看當前內核版本

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# uname -r 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 

2. 安裝 ELRepo 源

ELRepo官網

(1) 導入公共秘鑰

rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org 

(2) 安裝 ELRepo 的 YUM 源

rpm -Uvh https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# rpm -Uvh https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm Retrieving https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo ################################# [100%] 

二、安裝內核

1. 通過 YUM 安裝

yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-ml-devel kernel-ml

默認安裝 mainline 版本（主線版本）。

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-ml-devel kernel-ml Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Determining fastest mirrors * elrepo: mirror-hk.koddos.net * elrepo-kernel: mirror-hk.koddos.net elrepo | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 elrepo-kernel | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 (1/2): elrepo/primary_db | 477 kB 00:00:00 (2/2): elrepo-kernel/primary_db | 1.8 MB 00:00:00 Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package kernel-ml.x86_64 0:5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo will be installed ---> Package kernel-ml-devel.x86_64 0:5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ===================================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ===================================================================================================================================================================== Installing: kernel-ml x86_64 5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel 48 M kernel-ml-devel x86_64 5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel 13 M Transaction Summary ===================================================================================================================================================================== Install 2 Packages Total download size: 61 M Installed size: 264 M Is this ok [y/d/N]: y Downloading packages: (1/2): kernel-ml-devel-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm | 13 MB 00:00:16 (2/2): kernel-ml-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm | 48 MB 00:01:16 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 807 kB/s | 61 MB 00:01:16 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : kernel-ml-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 1/2 Installing : kernel-ml-devel-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 2/2 Verifying : kernel-ml-devel-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 1/2 Verifying : kernel-ml-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 2/2 Installed: kernel-ml.x86_64 0:5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo kernel-ml-devel.x86_64 0:5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo Complete! 

2. 查看已安裝的內核版本

rpm -qa kernel*

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# rpm -qa kernel* kernel-headers-3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64 kernel-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 kernel-ml-devel-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 kernel-tools-libs-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 kernel-tools-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 kernel-devel-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 kernel-ml-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 

rpm -qa | grep -i kernel

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i kernel kernel-headers-3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64 kernel-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 abrt-addon-kerneloops-2.1.11-50.el7.centos.x86_64 kernel-ml-devel-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 kernel-tools-libs-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 kernel-tools-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 kernel-devel-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 kernel-ml-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 

3. 查找新安裝的內核完整名稱

cat /boot/grub2/grub.cfg | grep menuentry

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# cat /boot/grub2/grub.cfg | grep menuentry if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then menuentry_id_option="--id" menuentry_id_option="" export menuentry_id_option menuentry 'CentOS Linux (5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64-advanced-21dbe030-aa71-4b3a-8610-3b942dd447fa' { menuentry 'CentOS Linux (3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64-advanced-21dbe030-aa71-4b3a-8610-3b942dd447fa' { menuentry 'CentOS Linux (0-rescue-c28d40cbc8e3adcb4e32d9779a77b39e) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-0-rescue-c28d40cbc8e3adcb4e32d9779a77b39e-advanced-21dbe030-aa71-4b3a-8610-3b942dd447fa' { 

三、內核切換

1. 更改默認內核

命令2選1：

(1) grub2-set-default 0

默認啟動順序應該為1，升級后內核是往前面插入，為0。

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# grub2-set-default 0 

(2) grub2-set-default ' '

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# grub2-set-default 'CentOS Linux (5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)' 

2. 查看默認啟動內核是否更換成功

grub2-editenv list

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# grub2-editenv list saved_entry=CentOS Linux (5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core) 

三、激活內核

1. 重啟系統

reboot

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# reboot 

2. 查看內核版本

uname -r

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# uname -r 5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64