linux contos7系统升级内核版本，解决apathe24无法编译安装的问题，以及升级版本后报错解决方案

一、前言

          之前发现编译http2.4的时候，操作正常，http服务启动不起来，困扰了半天，经过查资料是由于linux 内核版本的问题导致的，所以记录下解决过程

 

 

 

 1. 查看当前内核版本

一、升级前操作

1. 查看当前内核版本

1. 查看当前内核版本

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# uname -r 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 

2. 安装 ELRepo 源

ELRepo官网

(1) 导入公共秘钥

rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org 

(2) 安装 ELRepo 的 YUM 源

rpm -Uvh https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# rpm -Uvh https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm Retrieving https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm Preparing... ################################# [100%] Updating / installing... 1:elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo ################################# [100%] 

二、安装内核

1. 通过 YUM 安装

yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-ml-devel kernel-ml

默认安装 mainline 版本（主线版本）。

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-ml-devel kernel-ml Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Determining fastest mirrors * elrepo: mirror-hk.koddos.net * elrepo-kernel: mirror-hk.koddos.net elrepo | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 elrepo-kernel | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 (1/2): elrepo/primary_db | 477 kB 00:00:00 (2/2): elrepo-kernel/primary_db | 1.8 MB 00:00:00 Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package kernel-ml.x86_64 0:5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo will be installed ---> Package kernel-ml-devel.x86_64 0:5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ===================================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ===================================================================================================================================================================== Installing: kernel-ml x86_64 5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel 48 M kernel-ml-devel x86_64 5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo elrepo-kernel 13 M Transaction Summary ===================================================================================================================================================================== Install 2 Packages Total download size: 61 M Installed size: 264 M Is this ok [y/d/N]: y Downloading packages: (1/2): kernel-ml-devel-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm | 13 MB 00:00:16 (2/2): kernel-ml-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm | 48 MB 00:01:16 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 807 kB/s | 61 MB 00:01:16 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : kernel-ml-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 1/2 Installing : kernel-ml-devel-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 2/2 Verifying : kernel-ml-devel-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 1/2 Verifying : kernel-ml-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 2/2 Installed: kernel-ml.x86_64 0:5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo kernel-ml-devel.x86_64 0:5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo Complete! 

2. 查看已安装的内核版本

rpm -qa kernel*

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# rpm -qa kernel* kernel-headers-3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64 kernel-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 kernel-ml-devel-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 kernel-tools-libs-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 kernel-tools-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 kernel-devel-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 kernel-ml-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 

rpm -qa | grep -i kernel

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i kernel kernel-headers-3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64 kernel-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 abrt-addon-kerneloops-2.1.11-50.el7.centos.x86_64 kernel-ml-devel-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 kernel-tools-libs-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 kernel-tools-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 kernel-devel-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 kernel-ml-5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 

3. 查找新安装的内核完整名称

cat /boot/grub2/grub.cfg | grep menuentry

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# cat /boot/grub2/grub.cfg | grep menuentry if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then menuentry_id_option="--id" menuentry_id_option="" export menuentry_id_option menuentry 'CentOS Linux (5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64-advanced-21dbe030-aa71-4b3a-8610-3b942dd447fa' { menuentry 'CentOS Linux (3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64-advanced-21dbe030-aa71-4b3a-8610-3b942dd447fa' { menuentry 'CentOS Linux (0-rescue-c28d40cbc8e3adcb4e32d9779a77b39e) 7 (Core)' --class centos --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-0-rescue-c28d40cbc8e3adcb4e32d9779a77b39e-advanced-21dbe030-aa71-4b3a-8610-3b942dd447fa' { 

三、内核切换

1. 更改默认内核

命令2选1：

(1) grub2-set-default 0

默认启动顺序应该为1，升级后内核是往前面插入，为0。

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# grub2-set-default 0 

(2) grub2-set-default ' '

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# grub2-set-default 'CentOS Linux (5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)' 

2. 查看默认启动内核是否更换成功

grub2-editenv list

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# grub2-editenv list saved_entry=CentOS Linux (5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core) 

三、激活内核

1. 重启系统

reboot

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# reboot 

2. 查看内核版本

uname -r

[root@VM_0_17_centos ~]# uname -r 5.3.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64