阿里雲服務器安裝postgres

阿里雲服務器centos 7安裝postgresql 11

 

一、更新rpm源

1、打開官網https://yum.postgresql.org/repopackages.php （cenos 7 - x86_64）

 

 

2、復制上圖鏈接添加rpm源

　　yum install https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/reporpms/EL-7-x86_64/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm

3、查看可以安裝的postgresql版本，此命令會稍微慢一些

　　yum list | grep postgresql

 

 

 

二、安裝postgresql

1、注意下安裝版本

yum install postgresql11-contrib postgresql11-server -y

以下是安裝日志

Dependencies Resolved =============================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =============================================================================================================== Installing: postgresql11-contrib x86_64 11.3-1PGDG.rhel7 pgdg11 616 k postgresql11-server x86_64 11.3-1PGDG.rhel7 pgdg11 4.7 M Installing for dependencies: libicu x86_64 50.1.2-17.el7 base 6.9 M libxslt x86_64 1.1.28-5.el7 base 242 k postgresql11 x86_64 11.3-1PGDG.rhel7 pgdg11 1.7 M postgresql11-libs x86_64 11.3-1PGDG.rhel7 pgdg11 360 k Transaction Summary =============================================================================================================== Install 2 Packages (+4 Dependent packages) Total download size: 14 M Installed size: 55 M Downloading packages: (1/6): libxslt-1.1.28-5.el7.x86_64.rpm | 242 kB 00:00:00 (2/6): libicu-50.1.2-17.el7.x86_64.rpm | 6.9 MB 00:00:00 warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/pgdg11/packages/postgresql11-contrib-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 442df0f8: NOKEY Public key for postgresql11-contrib-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm is not installed (3/6): postgresql11-contrib-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 616 kB 00:01:03 (4/6): postgresql11-libs-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 360 kB 00:00:55 postgresql11-server-11.3-1PGDG FAILED 2.6 kB/s | 9.4 MB 00:32:32 ETA https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/11/redhat/rhel-7-x86_64/postgresql11-server-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/11/redhat/rhel-7-x86_64/postgresql11-server-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds') Trying other mirror. (5/6): postgresql11-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 1.7 MB 00:06:11 (6/6): postgresql11-server-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 4.7 MB 00:06:45 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 19 kB/s | 14 MB 00:12:57 Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG Importing GPG key 0x442DF0F8: Userid : "PostgreSQL RPM Building Project <[e-mail]>" Fingerprint: 68c9 e2b9 1a37 d136 fe74 d176 1f16 d2e1 442d f0f8 Package : pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-4.noarch (installed) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : postgresql11-libs-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 1/6 Installing : libicu-50.1.2-17.el7.x86_64 2/6 Installing : postgresql11-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 3/6 Installing : libxslt-1.1.28-5.el7.x86_64 4/6 Installing : postgresql11-contrib-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 5/6 Installing : postgresql11-server-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 6/6 Verifying : postgresql11-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 1/6 Verifying : postgresql11-server-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 2/6 Verifying : libicu-50.1.2-17.el7.x86_64 3/6 Verifying : libxslt-1.1.28-5.el7.x86_64 4/6 Verifying : postgresql11-libs-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 5/6 Verifying : postgresql11-contrib-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 6/6 Installed: postgresql11-contrib.x86_64 0:11.3-1PGDG.rhel7 postgresql11-server.x86_64 0:11.3-1PGDG.rhel7 Dependency Installed: libicu.x86_64 0:50.1.2-17.el7 libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.28-5.el7 postgresql11.x86_64 0:11.3-1PGDG.rhel7 postgresql11-libs.x86_64 0:11.3-1PGDG.rhel7 Complete! 

查看是否安裝成功

　　rpm -aq| grep postgres

 

 

 安裝成功后Postgresql安裝目錄是/usr/pgsql-11 文件目錄是 /var/lib/pgsql/11/data 如圖：

 

 

 2、初始化數據庫

　　/usr/pgsql-11/bin/postgresql-11-setup initdb

 

 

 3、設置自動啟動，並查看啟動狀態

systemctl enable postgresql-11 systemctl start postgresql-11 systemctl status postgresql-11

 

 

 

三、配置postgresql

1、登錄postgresql並設置密碼

su - postgres

進入數據庫

psql

更改密碼

ALTER USER postgres WITH PASSWORD 'postgres'

退出，並並切換回root賬戶，重新輸入密碼即可

\q su root

 

 2、修改訪問策略，默認是不允許遠程登錄搜索pg_hba.conf文件

　　find / -name pg_hba.conf

復制文件路徑修改pg_hba.conf
vim /var/lib/pgsql/11/data/pg_hba.conf

ADDRESS：修改為samenet(匹配服務器所在子網中的任何地址) 或 0.0.0.0/0 (任意IP地址) 或 指定的IP地址METHOD：修改為trust (可信任)

 

 3、修改遠程訪問IP搜索postgresql.conf文件

　　find / -name postgresql.conf

復制文件路徑用vim修改，取消listen_addresses前面的#注釋，並修改地址為* (所有IP) 或者線上外網IP地址，如圖線上環境#port = 5432最好取消注釋，端口一並調整

　　vim /var/lib/pgsql/11/data/postgresql.conf

 

 4、重啟postgresql-11

systemctl restart postgresql-11

四、連接postgresql

1、如果是阿里雲服務器記得打開對應的端口，否則無法連接，如果是虛擬機測試環境可忽略

 

 

 

 2、注意檢查下防火牆是否開啟&端口是否打開，也會影響遠程連接

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=5432/tcp systemctl restart firewalld

3、連接測試
 navicat 官網自行下載https://www.navicat.com.cn/

 

 pgadmin 官網自行下載https://www.pgadmin.org/download/