阿里云服务器安装postgres

阿里云服务器centos 7安装postgresql 11

 

一、更新rpm源

1、打开官网https://yum.postgresql.org/repopackages.php （cenos 7 - x86_64）

 

 

2、复制上图链接添加rpm源

　　yum install https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/reporpms/EL-7-x86_64/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm

3、查看可以安装的postgresql版本，此命令会稍微慢一些

　　yum list | grep postgresql

 

 

 

二、安装postgresql

1、注意下安装版本

yum install postgresql11-contrib postgresql11-server -y

以下是安装日志

Dependencies Resolved =============================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =============================================================================================================== Installing: postgresql11-contrib x86_64 11.3-1PGDG.rhel7 pgdg11 616 k postgresql11-server x86_64 11.3-1PGDG.rhel7 pgdg11 4.7 M Installing for dependencies: libicu x86_64 50.1.2-17.el7 base 6.9 M libxslt x86_64 1.1.28-5.el7 base 242 k postgresql11 x86_64 11.3-1PGDG.rhel7 pgdg11 1.7 M postgresql11-libs x86_64 11.3-1PGDG.rhel7 pgdg11 360 k Transaction Summary =============================================================================================================== Install 2 Packages (+4 Dependent packages) Total download size: 14 M Installed size: 55 M Downloading packages: (1/6): libxslt-1.1.28-5.el7.x86_64.rpm | 242 kB 00:00:00 (2/6): libicu-50.1.2-17.el7.x86_64.rpm | 6.9 MB 00:00:00 warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/pgdg11/packages/postgresql11-contrib-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 442df0f8: NOKEY Public key for postgresql11-contrib-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm is not installed (3/6): postgresql11-contrib-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 616 kB 00:01:03 (4/6): postgresql11-libs-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 360 kB 00:00:55 postgresql11-server-11.3-1PGDG FAILED 2.6 kB/s | 9.4 MB 00:32:32 ETA https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/11/redhat/rhel-7-x86_64/postgresql11-server-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/11/redhat/rhel-7-x86_64/postgresql11-server-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds') Trying other mirror. (5/6): postgresql11-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 1.7 MB 00:06:11 (6/6): postgresql11-server-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64.rpm | 4.7 MB 00:06:45 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 19 kB/s | 14 MB 00:12:57 Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG Importing GPG key 0x442DF0F8: Userid : "PostgreSQL RPM Building Project <[e-mail]>" Fingerprint: 68c9 e2b9 1a37 d136 fe74 d176 1f16 d2e1 442d f0f8 Package : pgdg-redhat-repo-42.0-4.noarch (installed) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-PGDG Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : postgresql11-libs-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 1/6 Installing : libicu-50.1.2-17.el7.x86_64 2/6 Installing : postgresql11-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 3/6 Installing : libxslt-1.1.28-5.el7.x86_64 4/6 Installing : postgresql11-contrib-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 5/6 Installing : postgresql11-server-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 6/6 Verifying : postgresql11-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 1/6 Verifying : postgresql11-server-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 2/6 Verifying : libicu-50.1.2-17.el7.x86_64 3/6 Verifying : libxslt-1.1.28-5.el7.x86_64 4/6 Verifying : postgresql11-libs-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 5/6 Verifying : postgresql11-contrib-11.3-1PGDG.rhel7.x86_64 6/6 Installed: postgresql11-contrib.x86_64 0:11.3-1PGDG.rhel7 postgresql11-server.x86_64 0:11.3-1PGDG.rhel7 Dependency Installed: libicu.x86_64 0:50.1.2-17.el7 libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.28-5.el7 postgresql11.x86_64 0:11.3-1PGDG.rhel7 postgresql11-libs.x86_64 0:11.3-1PGDG.rhel7 Complete! 

查看是否安装成功

　　rpm -aq| grep postgres

 

 

 安装成功后Postgresql安装目录是/usr/pgsql-11 文件目录是 /var/lib/pgsql/11/data 如图：

 

 

 2、初始化数据库

　　/usr/pgsql-11/bin/postgresql-11-setup initdb

 

 

 3、设置自动启动，并查看启动状态

systemctl enable postgresql-11 systemctl start postgresql-11 systemctl status postgresql-11

 

 

 

三、配置postgresql

1、登录postgresql并设置密码

su - postgres

进入数据库

psql

更改密码

ALTER USER postgres WITH PASSWORD 'postgres'

退出，并并切换回root账户，重新输入密码即可

\q su root

 

 2、修改访问策略，默认是不允许远程登录搜索pg_hba.conf文件

　　find / -name pg_hba.conf

复制文件路径修改pg_hba.conf
vim /var/lib/pgsql/11/data/pg_hba.conf

ADDRESS：修改为samenet(匹配服务器所在子网中的任何地址) 或 0.0.0.0/0 (任意IP地址) 或 指定的IP地址METHOD：修改为trust (可信任)

 

 3、修改远程访问IP搜索postgresql.conf文件

　　find / -name postgresql.conf

复制文件路径用vim修改，取消listen_addresses前面的#注释，并修改地址为* (所有IP) 或者线上外网IP地址，如图线上环境#port = 5432最好取消注释，端口一并调整

　　vim /var/lib/pgsql/11/data/postgresql.conf

 

 4、重启postgresql-11

systemctl restart postgresql-11

四、连接postgresql

1、如果是阿里云服务器记得打开对应的端口，否则无法连接，如果是虚拟机测试环境可忽略

 

 

 

 2、注意检查下防火墙是否开启&端口是否打开，也会影响远程连接

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=5432/tcp systemctl restart firewalld

3、连接测试
 navicat 官网自行下载https://www.navicat.com.cn/

 

 pgadmin 官网自行下载https://www.pgadmin.org/download/