mysql修改加密方式


mysql修改加密方式

安裝

安裝mysql服務

sudo apt-get install mysql-server

配置初始化信息

sudo mysql_secure_installation

具體配置信息

#1
VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords...
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: N (我的選項)

#2
Please set the password for root here...
New password: (輸入密碼)
Re-enter new password: (重復輸入)

#3
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them...
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N (我的選項)

#4
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network...
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y (我的選項)

#5
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access...
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N (我的選項)

#6
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y (我的選項)

修改加密方式

在Ubuntu系統中MySQL 5.7及之后的版本,MySQL的root用戶被默認設置成通過auth_socket插件進行認證,而不是通過密碼。在很多情況下,這些配置可以使系統更加的安全和可靠,但如果允許外部程序(例如phpMyAdmin)訪問時,這將是事情變得非常復雜。

為了能夠以root用戶通過密碼的方式連接MySQL,你需要將其認證方式從 auth_socket 方式變更為mysql_native_password。進行該設置,通過終端打開MySQL的提示符:

sudo mysql
use mysql;
select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;

image-20210326212832384

表格介紹:

  • host: 允許用戶登錄的 ip ‘位置’ % 表示可以遠程;

  • user: 當前數據庫的用戶名;

  • authentication_string: 用戶密碼(在mysql 5.7.9以后廢棄了password字段和password()函數);

  • plugin: 密碼加密方式;

update user set Host='%' where User='root';
alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'password';
#password換成你的密碼

注意這個密碼如果設置的比較簡單,例如 123456 等等,會設置不成功,它會提示你設置的密碼太簡單,最好設置成大寫字母、數字、符號的組合。這個也是新版mysql的一個特點,MySQL 5.7.6 以后廢棄了 user 表中的 password 字段和 password() 方法,所以使用舊的方法去重置密碼對 mysql 8.0 是不行的!

可以將安全策略改為低

SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';

image-20210326213535408

這時再次查看權限

select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;

image-20210326214548995

修改成功


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