kubernetes高可用集群安裝（二進制安裝、v1.20.2版）

1.kubernetes的五個組件
master節點的三個組件
kube-apiserver
整個集群的唯一入口，並提供認證、授權、訪問控制、API注冊和發現等機制。
kube-controller-manager (控制器管理器)
負責維護集群的狀態，比如故障檢測、自動擴展、滾動更新等。保證資源到達期望值。
kube-scheduler
調度器
經過策略調度POD到合適的節點上面運行。分別有預選策略和優選策略。
node節點的兩個組件
kubelet
在集群節點上運行的代理，kubelet會通過各種機制來確保容器處於運行狀態且健康。kubelet不會管理不是由kubernetes創建的容器。kubelet接收POD的期望狀態（副本數、鏡像、網絡等），並調用容器運行環境來實現預期狀態。
kubelet會定時匯報節點的狀態給apiserver，作為scheduler調度的基礎。kubelet會對鏡像和容器進行清理，避免不必要的文件資源占用。
kube-proxy
kube-proxy是集群中節點上運行的網絡代理，是實現service資源功能組件之一。kube-proxy建立了POD網絡和集群網絡之間的關系。不同node上的service流量轉發規則會通過kube-proxy來調用apiserver訪問etcd進行規則更新。
service流量調度方式有三種方式：userspace（廢棄，性能很差）、iptables（性能差，復雜，即將廢棄）、ipvs（性能好，轉發方式清晰）。
2.集群架構

角色	ip(vip 10.252.4.10)	組件
km1	10.252.4.11	kube-apiserver，kube-controller-manager，kube-scheduler，etcd,nginx,keepalived
km2	10.252.4.12	kube-apiserver，kube-controller-manager，kube-scheduler，etcd,nginx,keepalived
kn1	10.252.4.13	kubelet，kube-proxy，docker etcd
kn2	10.252.4.14	kubelet，kube-proxy，docker etcd
dev	10.252.4.2	nfs\dns\docker

3. 搭建集群

3.1 機器基本配置
以下配置在5台機器上面操作

3.1.1 修改主機名
修改主機名稱：km1、km2\node1、node2

3.1.2 配置hosts文件
修改機器的/etc/hosts文件

cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
10.252.4.11 km1
10.252.4.12 km2
10.252.4.14 kn1
10.252.4.15 kn2
EOF

3.1.3 關閉防火牆和selinux

systemctl stop firewalld
setenforce 0
sed -i 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config

3.1.4 關閉交換分區
swapoff -a
永久關閉，修改/etc/fstab,注釋掉swap一行

3.1.5 時間同步

yum install -y chrony
systemctl start chronyd
systemctl enable chronyd
chronyc sources

3.1.6 修改內核參數

cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system

3.1.7 加載ipvs模塊

modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack_ipv4
lsmod | grep ip_vs
lsmod | grep nf_conntrack_ipv4
yum install -y ipvsadm

3.2 配置工作目錄
每台機器都需要配置證書文件、組件的配置文件、組件的服務啟動文件，現專門選擇 km1 來統一生成這些文件，然后再分發到其他機器。以下操作在 km1 上進行

[root@km1 ~]# mkdir -p /data/work
注：該目錄為配置文件和證書文件生成目錄，后面的所有文件生成相關操作均在此目錄下進行
[root@km1 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 2048
[root@km1 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub km2

將秘鑰分發到另外五台機器，讓 master1 可以免密碼登錄其他機器

3.3 搭建etcd集群
3.3.1 配置etcd工作目錄

[root@km1 ~]# mkdir -p /etc/etcd                     # 配置文件存放目錄
[root@km1 ~]# mkdir -p /etc/etcd/ssl               # 證書文件存放目錄

3.3.2 創建etcd證書

工具下載
[root@km1 ~]# cd /data/work/
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64 -O /usr/bin/cfssl
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64 -O /usr/bin/cfssl-json
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 -O /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo
chmod +x /usr/bin/cfssl*

配置ca請求文件

[root@km1 work]# cat ca-csr.json 
{
  "CN": "kubernetes",
  "key": {
      "algo": "rsa",
      "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "beijing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "system"
    }
  ],
  "ca": {
          "expiry": "175200h"
  }
}

注：
CN：Common Name，kube-apiserver 從證書中提取該字段作為請求的用戶名 (User Name)；瀏覽器使用該字段驗證網站是否合法；
O：Organization，kube-apiserver 從證書中提取該字段作為請求用戶所屬的組 (Group)

創建ca證書

[root@km1 work]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json  | cfssljson -bare ca

配置ca證書策略

[root@km1 work]# cat ca-config.json
{
  "signing": {
      "default": {
          "expiry": "175200h"
        },
      "profiles": {
          "kubernetes": {
              "usages": [
                  "signing",
                  "key encipherment",
                  "server auth",
                  "client auth"
              ],
              "expiry": "175200h"
          }
      }
  }
}

配置etcd請求csr文件

[root@km1 work]# vim etcd-csr.json
{
  "CN": "etcd",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "10.252.4.11",
    "10.252.4.12",
    "10.252.4.13"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [{
    "C": "CN",
    "ST": "Beijing",
    "L": "Beijing",
    "O": "k8s",
    "OU": "system"
  }]
}

生成證書

[root@km1 work]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes etcd-csr.json | cfssljson  -bare etcd
[root@km1 work]# ls etcd*.pem

3.3.3 部署etcd集群

[root@km1 work]# wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.13/etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@km1 work]# tar -xf etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64.tar.gz 
[root@km1 work]# cp -p etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64/etcd* /usr/local/bin/
[root@km1 work]# rsync -vaz etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64/etcd* kn2:/usr/local/bin/

創建配置文件

[root@km1 work]# vim etcd.conf
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://10.252.4.11:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://10.252.4.11:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379"

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://10.252.4.11:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://10.252.4.11:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd1=https://10.252.4.11:2380,etcd2=https://10.252.4.12:2380,etcd3=https://10.252.4.13:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

注：
ETCD_NAME：節點名稱，集群中唯一
ETCD_DATA_DIR：數據目錄
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS：集群通信監聽地址
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS：客戶端訪問監聽地址
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS：集群通告地址
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS：客戶端通告地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER：集群節點地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN：集群Token
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE：加入集群的當前狀態，new是新集群，existing表示加入已有集群

創建啟動服務文件

[root@km1 work]# vim etcd.service
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/etcd/etcd.conf
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd/
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd \
  --cert-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \
  --key-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \
  --trusted-ca-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
  --peer-cert-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \
  --peer-key-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \
  --peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
  --peer-client-cert-auth \
  --client-cert-auth
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

同步相關文件到各個節點

[root@km1 work]# cp ca*.pem etcd*.pem /etc/etcd/ssl/
[root@km1 work]# cp etcd.conf /etc/etcd/
[root@km1 work]# cp etcd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@km1 work]# scp ca*.pem etcd*.pem km2:/etc/etcd/ssl/
[root@km1 work]# scp etcd.conf km2:/etc/etcd/ 
[root@km1 work]# scp etcd.service km2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@km1 work]# scp ca*.pem etcd*.pem kn:/etc/etcd/ssl/
[root@km1 work]# scp etcd.conf kn:/etc/etcd/
[root@km1 work]# scp etcd.service kn:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

注：km2和kn分別修改配置文件中etcd名字和ip，並創建目錄 /var/lib/etcd/default.etcd

啟動etcd集群<km1、km2和kn分別執行以下命令>

[root@km1 work]# mkdir -p /var/lib/etcd/default.etcd
[root@km1 work]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@km1 work]# systemctl start etcd.service     注：同時啟動三個節點
[root@km1 work]# systemctl status etcd.service
[root@km1 work]# systemctl enable etcd.service

查看集群狀態

[root@km1 work]# etcdctl member list

3.4 kubernetes組件部署
3.4.1 下載安裝包

[root@km1 work]# wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.20.1/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@km1 work]# tar -xf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar
[root@km1 work]# cd kubernetes/server/bin/
[root@km1 bin]# cp kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler  /usr/local/bin/
[root@km1 bin]# scp kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler  km2:/usr/local/bin/
[root@km1 bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy kn:/usr/local/bin/
[root@km1 bin]# cd /data/work/

3.4.2 創建工作目錄<km1\km2>

[root@km1 work]# mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/        # kubernetes組件配置文件存放目錄
[root@km1 work]# mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/ssl     # kubernetes組件證書文件存放目錄
[root@km1 work]# mkdir /var/log/kubernetes        # kubernetes組件日志文件存放目錄

3.4.3 部署api-server
創建csr請求文件

[root@km1 work]# vim kube-apiserver-csr.json
{
  "CN": "kubernetes",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "10.252.4.11",
    "10.252.4.12",
    "10.252.4.13",
    "10.252.4.10",
    "10.255.0.1",
    "kubernetes",
    "kubernetes.default",
    "kubernetes.default.svc",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "Beijing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "system"
    }
  ]
}

注：
如果 hosts 字段不為空則需要指定授權使用該證書的 IP 或域名列表。
由於該證書后續被 kubernetes master 集群使用，需要將master節點的IP都填上，同時還需要填寫 service 網絡的首個IP。(一般是 kube-apiserver 指定的 service-cluster-ip-range 網段的第一個IP，如 10.255.0.1)

生成證書和token文件

[root@km1 work]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-apiserver-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-apiserver
[root@km1 work]# cat > token.csv << EOF
$(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '),kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
EOF

創建配置文件

[root@km1 work]# vim kube-apiserver.conf
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,NodeRestriction,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,ResourceQuota \
  --anonymous-auth=false \
  --bind-address=10.252.4.11 \
  --secure-port=6443 \
  --advertise-address=10.252.4.11 \
  --insecure-port=0 \
  --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC \
  --runtime-config=api/all=true \
  --enable-bootstrap-token-auth \
  --service-cluster-ip-range=10.255.0.0/16 \
  --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv \
  --service-node-port-range=30000-50000 \
  --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver.pem  \
  --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver-key.pem \
  --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver.pem \
  --kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver-key.pem \
  --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \          # 1.20以上版本必須有此參數
  --service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local \      # 1.20以上版本必須有此參數
  --etcd-cafile=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
  --etcd-certfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \
  --etcd-keyfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \
  --etcd-servers=https://10.252.4.11:2379,https://10.252.4.12:2379,https://10.252.4.13:2379 \
  --enable-swagger-ui=true \
  --allow-privileged=true \
  --apiserver-count=2 \
  --audit-log-maxage=30 \
  --audit-log-maxbackup=3 \
  --audit-log-maxsize=100 \
  --audit-log-path=/var/log/kube-apiserver-audit.log \
  --event-ttl=1h \
  --alsologtostderr=true \
  --logtostderr=false \
  --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \
  --v=4"

注：
--logtostderr：啟用日志
--v：日志等級
--log-dir：日志目錄
--etcd-servers：etcd集群地址
--bind-address：監聽地址
--secure-port：https安全端口
--advertise-address：集群通告地址
--allow-privileged：啟用授權
--service-cluster-ip-range：Service虛擬IP地址段
--enable-admission-plugins：准入控制模塊
--authorization-mode：認證授權，啟用RBAC授權和節點自管理
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth：啟用TLS bootstrap機制
--token-auth-file：bootstrap token文件
--service-node-port-range：Service nodeport類型默認分配端口范圍
--kubelet-client-xxx：apiserver訪問kubelet客戶端證書
--tls-xxx-file：apiserver https證書
--etcd-xxxfile：連接Etcd集群證書
--audit-log-xxx：審計日志

創建服務啟動文件

[root@km1 work]# vim kube-apiserver.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=etcd.service
Wants=etcd.service

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver $KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
Type=notify
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

同步相關文件到各個節點

[root@km1 work]# cp ca*.pem kube-apiserver*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@km1 work]# cp token.csv kube-apiserver.conf /etc/kubernetes/
[root@km1 work]# cp kube-apiserver.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@km1 work]# scp ca*.pem kube-apiserver*.pem km2:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@km1 work]# scp token.csv kube-apiserver.conf km2:/etc/kubernetes/
[root@km1 work]# scp kube-apiserver.service km2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

注：km1\km2配置文件的IP地址修改為實際的本機IP

啟動服務

[root@km1 work]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@km1 work]# systemctl start kube-apiserver
[root@km1 work]# systemctl status kube-apiserver
[root@km1 work]# systemctl enable kube-apiserver
[root@km1 work]# netstat -nltup|grep kube-api

3.4.4 部署四層反向代理
分別在km節點安裝NGINX和keepalived

[root@km1 work]# yum install nginx keepalived -y
[root@km1 work]# vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
stream {

    upstream kube-apiserver {
        server 10.252.4.11:6443     max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
        server 10.252.4.12:6443     max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s;
    }
    server {
        listen 7443;
        proxy_connect_timeout 2s;
        proxy_timeout 900s;
        proxy_pass kube-apiserver;
    }
}
[root@km1 work]# nginx -t

檢查端口腳本
[root@km1 work]#vi /etc/keepalived/check_port.sh
#!/bin/bash
CHK_PORT=$1
if [ -n "$CHK_PORT" ];then
        PORT_PROCESS=`ss -lnt|grep $CHK_PORT|wc -l`
        if [ $PORT_PROCESS -eq 0 ];then
                echo "Port $CHK_PORT Is Not Used,End."
                exit 1
        fi
else
        echo "Check Port Cant Be Empty!"
fi
[root@km1 work]# chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_port.sh
##########

配置文件
keepalived 主
[root@km1 work]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id 10.252.4.11

}

vrrp_script chk_nginx {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check_port.sh 7443"
    interval 2
    weight -20
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 251
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    mcast_src_ip 10.252.4.11
    nopreempt

    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 11111111
    }
    track_script {
         chk_nginx
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        10.252.4.10
    }
}
keepalived 從:
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
    router_id 10.252.4.12
}
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check_port.sh 7443"
    interval 2
    weight -20
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 251
    mcast_src_ip 10.252.4.12
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 11111111
    }
    track_script {
        chk_nginx
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        10.252.4.10
    }
}
nopreempt：非搶占式
啟動代理並檢查
systemctl start nginx keepalived
systemctl enable nginx keepalived
netstat -lntup|grep nginx
ip add

3.4.5 部署kubectl
創建csr請求文件

[root@km1 work]# vim admin-csr.json
{
  "CN": "admin",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "Beijing",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "system"
    }
  ]
}

說明：
后續 kube-apiserver 使用 RBAC 對客戶端(如 kubelet、kube-proxy、Pod)請求進行授權；
kube-apiserver 預定義了一些 RBAC 使用的 RoleBindings，如 cluster-admin 將 Group system:masters 與 Role cluster-admin 綁定，該 Role 授予了調用kube-apiserver 的所有 API的權限；O指定該證書的 Group 為 system:masters，kubelet 使用該證書訪問 kube-apiserver 時 ，由於證書被 CA 簽名，所以認證通過，同時由於證書用戶組為經過預授權的
 system:masters，所以被授予訪問所有 API 的權限；
注：
這個admin 證書，是將來生成管理員用的kube config 配置文件用的，現在我們一般建議使用RBAC 來對kubernetes 進行角色權限控制， kubernetes 將證書中的CN 字段 作為User， O 字段作為 Group；"O": "system:masters", 必須是system:masters，否則后面kubectl create clusterrolebinding報錯。

生成證書

[root@km1 work]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin
[root@km1 work]# cp admin*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/

創建kubeconfig配置文件
kubeconfig 為 kubectl 的配置文件，包含訪問 apiserver 的所有信息，如 apiserver 地址、CA 證書和自身使用的證書

設置集群參數
[root@km1 work]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://10.252.4.10:7443 --kubeconfig=kube.config
設置客戶端認證參數
[root@km1 work]# kubectl config set-credentials admin --client-certificate=admin.pem --client-key=admin-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=kube.config
設置上下文參數
[root@km1 work]# kubectl config set-context kubernetes --cluster=kubernetes --user=admin --kubeconfig=kube.config
設置默認上下文
[root@km1 work]# kubectl config use-context kubernetes --kubeconfig=kube.config
[root@km1 work]# mkdir ~/.kube
[root@km1 work]# cp kube.config ~/.kube/config
授權kubernetes證書訪問kubelet api權限
[root@km1 work]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kube-apiserver:kubelet-apis --clusterrole=system:kubelet-api-admin --user kubernetes

查看集群組件狀態
上面步驟完成后，kubectl就可以與kube-apiserver通信了

[root@km1 work]# kubectl cluster-info
[root@km1 work]# kubectl get componentstatuses
[root@km1 work]# kubectl get all --all-namespaces

同步kubectl配置文件到其他節點

[root@km1 work]# scp -rp /root/.kube/ km2:/root/

配置kubectl子命令補全

[root@km1 work]# yum install -y bash-completion    
[root@km1 work]# source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
[root@km1 work]# source <(kubectl completion bash)
[root@km1 work]# kubectl completion bash > ~/.kube/completion.bash.inc
[root@km1 work]# source '/root/.kube/completion.bash.inc'
[root@km1 work]# source $HOME/.bash_profile

3.4.6 部署kube-controller-manager
創建csr請求文件

[root@km1 work]# vim kube-controller-manager-csr.json
{
    "CN": "system:kube-controller-manager",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "hosts": [
      "127.0.0.1",
      "10.252.4.11",
      "10.252.4.12"
    ],
    "names": [
      {
        "C": "CN",
        "ST": "Beijing",
        "L": "Beijing",
        "O": "system:kube-controller-manager",
        "OU": "system"
      }
    ]
}

注：
hosts 列表包含所有 kube-controller-manager 節點 IP；
CN 為 system:kube-controller-manager、O 為 system:kube-controller-manager，kubernetes 內置的 ClusterRoleBindings system:kube-controller-manager 賦予 kube-controller-manager 工作所需的權限

生成證書

[root@km1 work]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-controller-manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-controller-manager
[root@km1 work]# ls kube-controller-manager*.pem

創建kube-controller-manager的kubeconfig

設置集群參數
[root@km1 work]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://10.252.4.10:7443 --kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig
設置客戶端認證參數
[root@km1 work]# kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-controller-manager --client-certificate=kube-controller-manager.pem --client-key=kube-controller-manager-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig
設置上下文參數
[root@km1 work]# kubectl config set-context system:kube-controller-manager --cluster=kubernetes --user=system:kube-controller-manager --kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig
設置默認上下文
[root@km1 work]# kubectl config use-context system:kube-controller-manager --kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig

創建配置文件

[root@km1 work]# vim kube-controller-manager.conf
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \
  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig \
  --service-cluster-ip-range=10.255.0.0/16 \
  --cluster-name=kubernetes \
  --cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --allocate-node-cidrs=true \
  --cluster-cidr=10.0.0.0/16 \
  --experimental-cluster-signing-duration=175200h \
  --root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --leader-elect=true \
  --feature-gates=RotateKubeletServerCertificate=true \
  --controllers=*,bootstrapsigner,tokencleaner \
  --horizontal-pod-autoscaler-use-rest-clients=true \
  --horizontal-pod-autoscaler-sync-period=10s \
  --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-controller-manager.pem \
  --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-controller-manager-key.pem \
  --use-service-account-credentials=true \
  --alsologtostderr=true \
  --logtostderr=false \
  --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \
  --v=2"

創建啟動文件

[root@km1 work]# vim kube-controller-manager.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

同步相關文件到各個節點

[root@km1 work]# cp kube-controller-manager.pem   /etc/kubernetes/ssl/

[root@km1 work]# cp kube-controller-manager.conf kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig /etc/kubernetes/

[root@km1 work]# cp kube-controller-manager.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/

 

3.4.7 部署kube-scheduler
創建csr請求文件

[root@km1 work]# vim kube-scheduler-csr.json
{
    "CN": "system:kube-scheduler",
    "hosts": [
      "127.0.0.1",
      "10.252.4.11",
      "10.252.4.12"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
      {
        "C": "CN",
        "ST": "Beijing",
        "L": "Beijing",
        "O": "system:kube-scheduler",
        "OU": "system"
      }
    ]
}

注：
hosts 列表包含所有 kube-scheduler 節點 IP；
CN 為 system:kube-scheduler、O 為 system:kube-scheduler，kubernetes 內置的 ClusterRoleBindings system:kube-scheduler 將賦予 kube-scheduler 工作所需的權限。

生成證書

[root@km1 work]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-scheduler
[root@km1 work]# ls kube-scheduler*.pem

創建kube-scheduler的kubeconfig

設置集群參數
[root@master1 work]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://10.252.4.10:7443 --kubeconfig=kube-scheduler.kubeconfig
設置客戶端認證參數
[root@master1 work]# kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-scheduler --client-certificate=kube-scheduler.pem --client-key=kube-scheduler-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=kube-scheduler.kubeconfig
設置上下文參數
[root@master1 work]# kubectl config set-context system:kube-scheduler --cluster=kubernetes --user=system:kube-scheduler --kubeconfig=kube-scheduler.kubeconfig
設置默認上下文
[root@master1 work]# kubectl config use-context system:kube-scheduler --kubeconfig=kube-scheduler.kubeconfig

創建配置文件

[root@km1 work]# vim kube-scheduler.conf
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--address=127.0.0.1
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig
--leader-elect=true
--alsologtostderr=true
--logtostderr=false
--log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes
--v=2"

創建服務啟動文件

[root@km1 work]# vim kube-scheduler.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-scheduler $KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

同步相關文件到各個節點

[root@km1 work]# cp kube-scheduler.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@km1 work]# cp kube-scheduler.conf kube-scheduler.kubeconfig /etc/kubernetes/
[root@km1 work]# cp kube-scheduler.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@km1 work]# scp kube-scheduler.pem km2:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@km1 work]# scp kube-scheduler.kubeconfig kube-scheduler.conf km2:/etc/kubernetes/
[root@km1 work]# scp kube-scheduler.service km2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

啟動服務

[root@km2 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@km2 ~]# systemctl start kube-scheduler
[root@km2 ~]# systemctl status kube-scheduler
[root@km2 ~]# systemctl enable kube-scheduler

3.4.8 部署kubelet 以下操作在master1上操作

創建kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig
[root@km1 work]# BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(awk -F "," '{print $1}' /etc/kubernetes/token.csv)
設置集群參數
[root@km1 work]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://10.252.4.10:7443 --kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig
設置客戶端認證參數
[root@km1 work]# kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap --token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} --kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig
設置上下文參數
[root@km1 work]# kubectl config set-context default --cluster=kubernetes --user=kubelet-bootstrap --kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig
設置默認上下文
[root@km1 work]# kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig
創建角色綁定
[root@km1 work]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper --user=kubelet-bootstrap

創建配置文件

[root@km1 work]# vim kubelet.json
{
  "kind": "KubeletConfiguration",
  "apiVersion": "kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1",
  "authentication": {
    "x509": {
      "clientCAFile": "/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
    },
    "webhook": {
      "enabled": true,
      "cacheTTL": "2m0s"
    },
    "anonymous": {
      "enabled": false
    }
  },
  "authorization": {
    "mode": "Webhook",
    "webhook": {
      "cacheAuthorizedTTL": "5m0s",
      "cacheUnauthorizedTTL": "30s"
    }
  },
  "address": "10.252.4.11",
  "port": 10250,
  "readOnlyPort": 10255,
  "cgroupDriver": "systemd",
  "hairpinMode": "promiscuous-bridge",
  "serializeImagePulls": false,
  "featureGates": {
    "RotateKubeletClientCertificate": true,
    "RotateKubeletServerCertificate": true
  },
  "clusterDomain": "cluster.local.",
  "clusterDNS": ["10.255.0.2"]
}

創建啟動文件

[root@km1 work]# vim kubelet.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kubelet \
  --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig \
  --cert-dir=/etc/kubernetes/ssl \
  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig \
  --config=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.json \
  --network-plugin=cni \
  --pod-infra-container-image=10.252.4.11:5000/maxzhu/pause:v1 \
  --alsologtostderr=true \
  --logtostderr=false \
  --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \
  --v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

注：
–hostname-override：顯示名稱，集群中唯一
–network-plugin：啟用CNI
–kubeconfig：空路徑，會自動生成，后面用於連接apiserver
–bootstrap-kubeconfig：首次啟動向apiserver申請證書
–config：配置參數文件
–cert-dir：kubelet證書生成目錄
–pod-infra-container-image：管理Pod網絡容器的鏡像

同步相關文件到各個節點

[root@km1 work]# scp kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig kubelet.json kn:/etc/kubernetes/
[root@km1 work]# scp kubelet.service kn:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@km1 work]# scp ca.pem kn:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/

注：kubelete.json配置文件address改為各個節點的ip地址
啟動服務
各個work節點上操作

[root@kn1 ~]# mkdir /var/lib/kubelet
[root@kn1 ~]# mkdir /var/log/kubernetes
[root@kn1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@kn1 ~]# systemctl enable kubelet
[root@kn1 ~]# systemctl start kubelet
[root@kn1 ~]# systemctl status kubelet

確認kubelet服務啟動成功后，接着到master上Approve一下bootstrap請求。執行如下命令可以看到三個worker節點分別發送了三個 CSR 請求：

[root@km1 work]# kubectl get csr
[root@km1 work]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-HlX3cExsZohWsu8Dd6Rp_ztFejmMdpzvti_qgxo4SAQ
[root@km1 work]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-oykYfnH_coRF2PLJH4fOHlGznOZUBPDg5BPZXDo2wgk
[root@km1 work]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-ytRB2fikhL6dykcekGg4BdD87o-zw9WPU44SZ1nFT50
[root@km1 work]# kubectl get csr
[root@km1 work]# kubectl get nodes

3.4.9 部署kube-proxy
創建csr請求文件

[root@km1 work]# vim kube-proxy-csr.json
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "Beijing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "system"
    }
  ]
}

生成證書

[root@km1 work]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
[root@km1 work]# ls kube-proxy*.pem

創建kubeconfig文件

[root@master1 work]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://10.252.4.10:7443 --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
[root@master1 work]# kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy --client-certificate=kube-proxy.pem --client-key=kube-proxy-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
[root@master1 work]# kubectl config set-context default --cluster=kubernetes --user=kube-proxy --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
[root@master1 work]# kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

創建kube-proxy配置文件

[root@km1 work]# vim kube-proxy.yaml
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 10.252.4.13
clientConnection:
  kubeconfig: /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
clusterCIDR: 192.168.0.0/16
healthzBindAddress: 10.252.4.13:10256
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
metricsBindAddress: 10.252.4.13:10249
mode: "ipvs"

創建服務啟動文件

[root@km1 work]# vim kube-proxy.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kube-Proxy Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kube-proxy
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-proxy \
  --config=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.yaml \
  --alsologtostderr=true \
  --logtostderr=false \
  --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \
  --v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

同步文件到各個node節點

[root@km1 work]# scp kube-proxy.kubeconfig kube-proxy.yaml kn:/etc/kubernetes/
[root@km1 work]# scp kube-proxy.service kn:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

注：配置文件kube-proxy.yaml中address修改為各節點的實際IP
啟動服務

[root@kn ~]# mkdir -p /var/lib/kube-proxy
[root@kn ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@kn ~]# systemctl enable kube-proxy
[root@kn ~]# systemctl restart kube-proxy
[root@kn ~]# systemctl status kube-proxy

3.4.10 配置網絡組件

[root@km1 work]# wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.14/manifests/calico.yaml
[root@km1 work]# kubectl apply -f calico.yaml 

此時再來查看各個節點，均為Ready狀態
[root@km1 work]# kubectl get pods -A
[root@km1 work]# kubectl get nodes