一、MHA+ProxySQL架構
之前發過一篇MHA的文章，介紹了MHA相關的知識和功能測試，連接為：【DB寶19】在Docker中使用MySQL高可用之MHA 。今天這一篇給大家分享一下“MHA+中間件ProxySQL”來實現讀寫分離+負載均衡的相關知識。
我們都知道，MHA（Master High Availability Manager and tools for MySQL）目前在MySQL高可用方面是一個相對成熟的解決方案，是一套作為MySQL高可用性環境下故障切換和主從提升的高可用軟件。它的架構是要求一個MySQL復制集群必須最少有3台數據庫服務器，一主二從，即一台充當Master，一台充當備用Master，另一台充當從庫。但是，如果不連接任何外部的數據庫中間件，那么就會導致所有的業務壓力流向主庫，從而造成主庫壓力過大，而2個從庫除了本身的IO和SQL線程外，無任何業務壓力，會嚴重造成資源的浪費。因此，我們可以把MHA和ProxySQL結合使用來實現讀寫分離和負載均衡。所有的業務通過中間件ProxySQL后，會被分配到不同的MySQL機器上。從而，前端的寫操作會流向主庫，而讀操作會被負載均衡的轉發到2個從庫上。
MHA+ProxySQL架構如下圖所示：
二、快速搭建MHA環境
2.1 下載MHA鏡像
- 小麥苗的Docker Hub的地址：https://hub.docker.com/u/lhrbest
-- 下載鏡像
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-master1-ip131
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave1-ip132
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave2-ip133
docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-monitor-ip134
-- 重命名鏡像
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-master1-ip131 lhrbest/mha-lhr-master1-ip131
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave1-ip132 lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave1-ip132
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave2-ip133 lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave2-ip133
docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-monitor-ip134 lhrbest/mha-lhr-monitor-ip134
一共4個鏡像，3個MHA Node，一個MHA Manager，壓縮包大概3G，下載完成后：
[root@lhrdocker ~]# docker images | grep mha
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-monitor-ip134 latest 7d29597dc997 14 hours ago 1.53GB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave2-ip133 latest d3717794e93a 40 hours ago 4.56GB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave1-ip132 latest f62ee813e487 40 hours ago 4.56GB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-master1-ip131 latest ae7be48d83dc 40 hours ago 4.56GB
2.2 編輯yml文件，創建MHA相關容器
編輯yml文件，使用docker-compose來創建MHA相關容器，注意docker-compose.yml文件的格式，對空格、縮進、對齊都有嚴格要求：
# 創建存放yml文件的路徑
mkdir -p /root/mha
# 編輯文件/root/mha/docker-compose.yml
cat > /root/mha/docker-compose.yml <<"EOF"
version: '3.8'
services:
MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131:
container_name: "MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131"
restart: "always"
hostname: MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131
privileged: true
image: lhrbest/mha-lhr-master1-ip131
ports:
- "33131:3306"
- "2201:22"
networks:
mhalhr:
ipv4_address: 192.168.68.131
MHA-LHR-Slave1-ip132:
container_name: "MHA-LHR-Slave1-ip132"
restart: "always"
hostname: MHA-LHR-Slave1-ip132
privileged: true
image: lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave1-ip132
ports:
- "33132:3306"
- "2202:22"
networks:
mhalhr:
ipv4_address: 192.168.68.132
MHA-LHR-Slave2-ip133:
container_name: "MHA-LHR-Slave2-ip133"
restart: "always"
hostname: MHA-LHR-Slave2-ip133
privileged: true
image: lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave2-ip133
ports:
- "33133:3306"
- "2203:22"
networks:
mhalhr:
ipv4_address: 192.168.68.133
MHA-LHR-Monitor-ip134:
container_name: "MHA-LHR-Monitor-ip134"
restart: "always"
hostname: MHA-LHR-Monitor-ip134
privileged: true
image: lhrbest/mha-lhr-monitor-ip134
ports:
- "33134:3306"
- "2204:22"
networks:
mhalhr:
ipv4_address: 192.168.68.134
networks:
mhalhr:
name: mhalhr
ipam:
config:
- subnet: "192.168.68.0/16"
EOF
2.3 安裝docker-compose軟件（若已安裝，可忽略）
-
安裝 Docker Compose官方文檔：https://docs.docker.com/compose/
-
編輯docker-compose.yml文件官方文檔：https://docs.docker.com/compose/compose-file/
[root@lhrdocker ~]# curl --insecure -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.28.4/docker-compose-Linux-x86_64 -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 638 100 638 0 0 530 0 0:00:01 0:00:01 --:--:-- 531
100 11.6M 100 11.6M 0 0 1994k 0 0:00:06 0:00:06 --:--:-- 2943k
[root@lhrdocker ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
[root@lhrdocker ~]# docker-compose -v
docker-compose version 1.28.4, build cabd5cfb
2.4 創建MHA容器
# 啟動mha環境的容器，一定要進入文件夾/root/mha/后再操作
-- docker rm -f MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131 MHA-LHR-Slave1-ip132 MHA-LHR-Slave2-ip133 MHA-LHR-Monitor-ip134
[root@lhrdocker ~]# cd /root/mha/
[root@lhrdocker mha]#
[root@lhrdocker mha]# docker-compose up -d
Creating network "mhalhr" with the default driver
Creating MHA-LHR-Monitor-ip134 ... done
Creating MHA-LHR-Slave2-ip133 ... done
Creating MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131 ... done
Creating MHA-LHR-Slave1-ip132 ... done
[root@docker35 ~]# docker ps | grep "mha\|COMMAND"
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
2978361198b7 lhrbest/mha-lhr-master1-ip131 "/usr/sbin/init" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 16500-16599/tcp, 0.0.0.0:2201->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:33131->3306/tcp MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131
a64e2e86589c lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave1-ip132 "/usr/sbin/init" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 16500-16599/tcp, 0.0.0.0:2202->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:33132->3306/tcp MHA-LHR-Slave1-ip132
d7d6ce34800b lhrbest/mha-lhr-monitor-ip134 "/usr/sbin/init" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 0.0.0.0:2204->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:33134->3306/tcp MHA-LHR-Monitor-ip134
dacd22edb2f8 lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave2-ip133 "/usr/sbin/init" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 16500-16599/tcp, 0.0.0.0:2203->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:33133->3306/tcp MHA-LHR-Slave2-ip133
2.5 主庫131添加VIP
# 進入主庫131
docker exec -it MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131 bash
# 添加VIP135
/sbin/ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.68.135/24
ifconfig
# 如果刪除的話
ip addr del 192.168.68.135/24 dev eth1
添加完成后：
[root@MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131 /]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.68.131 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 192.168.255.255
ether 02:42:c0:a8:44:83 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 220 bytes 15883 (15.5 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 189 bytes 17524 (17.1 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
eth0:1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.68.135 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.68.255
ether 02:42:c0:a8:44:83 txqueuelen 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 5 bytes 400 (400.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 5 bytes 400 (400.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
# 管理節點已經可以ping通VIP了
[root@MHA-LHR-Monitor-ip134 /]# ping 192.168.68.135
PING 192.168.68.135 (192.168.68.135) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.68.135: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.172 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.68.135: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.076 ms
^C
--- 192.168.68.135 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1000ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.076/0.124/0.172/0.048 ms
到這一步就可以驗證主從復制是否正確，若正確，則可以直接測試MHA了。
mysql -uroot -plhr -h192.168.68.131 -P3306
show slave hosts;
mysql> show slave hosts;
+-----------+----------------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
| Server_id | Host | Port | Master_id | Slave_UUID |
+-----------+----------------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
| 573306133 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 573306131 | d391ce7e-aec3-11ea-94cd-0242c0a84485 |
| 573306132 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 573306131 | d24a77d1-aec3-11ea-9399-0242c0a84484 |
+-----------+----------------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
三、配置ProxySQL環境
3.1 申請ProxySQL主機並安裝ProxySQL
docker rm -f MHA-LHR-ProxySQL-ip136
docker run -d --name MHA-LHR-ProxySQL-ip136 -h MHA-LHR-ProxySQL-ip136 \
-v /sys/fs/cgroup:/sys/fs/cgroup \
--network mhalhr --ip 192.168.68.136 \
-p 26032:6032 -p 26033:6033 -p 26080:6080 \
--privileged=true lhrbest/lhrcentos76:8.0 \
/usr/sbin/init
docker network connect bridge MHA-LHR-ProxySQL-ip136
docker restart MHA-LHR-ProxySQL-ip136
docker cp proxysql2-2.0.15-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm MHA-LHR-ProxySQL-ip136:/
docker exec -it MHA-LHR-ProxySQL-ip136 bash
rpm -ivh proxysql2-2.0.15-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
systemctl start proxysql
systemctl status proxysql
3.2 添加遠程登錄用戶
-- 添加遠程登錄用戶
mysql -uadmin -padmin -h127.0.0.1 -P6032
select @@admin-admin_credentials;
set admin-admin_credentials='admin:admin;root:lhr';
select @@admin-admin_credentials;
load admin variables to runtime;
save admin variables to disk;
-- 遠程登錄
mysql -uroot -plhr -h192.168.66.35 -P26032
執行過程：
-- ProxySQL本地登錄
[root@MHA-LHR-ProxySQL-ip136 /]# mysql -uadmin -padmin -h127.0.0.1 -P6032
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 162
Server version: 5.5.30 (ProxySQL Admin Module)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select @@admin-admin_credentials;
+---------------------------+
| @@admin-admin_credentials |
+---------------------------+
| admin:admin;lhr:lhr |
+---------------------------+
1 row in set (0.05 sec)
mysql> set admin-admin_credentials='admin:admin;root:lhr';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select @@admin-admin_credentials;
+---------------------------+
| @@admin-admin_credentials |
+---------------------------+
| admin:admin;root:lhr |
+---------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> load admin variables to runtime;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> save admin variables to disk;
Query OK, 35 rows affected (0.13 sec)
mysql>
-- 遠程登錄
C:\Users\lhrxxt>mysql -uroot -plhr -h192.168.66.35 -P26032
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
ERROR 1045 (28000): ProxySQL Error: Access denied for user 'root'@'172.17.0.1' (using password: YES)
C:\Users\lhrxxt>mysql -uroot -plhr -h192.168.66.35 -P26032
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 163
Server version: 5.5.30 (ProxySQL Admin Module)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
+-----+---------------+-------------------------------------+
| seq | name | file |
+-----+---------------+-------------------------------------+
| 0 | main | |
| 2 | disk | /var/lib/proxysql/proxysql.db |
| 3 | stats | |
| 4 | monitor | |
| 5 | stats_history | /var/lib/proxysql/proxysql_stats.db |
+-----+---------------+-------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.05 sec)
3.3 開啟ProxySQL的web監控功能
-- 開啟web監控功能
SET admin-web_enabled='true';
LOAD ADMIN VARIABLES TO RUNTIME;
SAVE ADMIN VARIABLES TO DISK;
select * from global_variables where variable_name LIKE 'admin-web_enabled';
select @@admin-web_enabled;
lsof -i:6080
-- 瀏覽器訪問
https://192.168.66.35:26080
用戶名和密碼：stats:stats
3.4 配置被監控的數據庫
3.4.1 向ProxySQL插入被監控數據庫
-- 1、向ProxySQL插入被監控數據庫
select * from mysql_servers;
insert into main.mysql_servers(hostgroup_id,hostname,port) values(10,'192.168.68.131',3306);
insert into main.mysql_servers(hostgroup_id,hostname,port) values(10,'192.168.68.132',3306);
insert into main.mysql_servers(hostgroup_id,hostname,port) values(10,'192.168.68.133',3306);
load mysql servers to runtime;
save mysql servers to disk;
select * from mysql_servers;
MySQL [(none)]> select * from mysql_servers;
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
| hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
| 10 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 10 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 10 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
3 rows in set (0.07 sec)
3.4.2 在所有被監控MySQL服務器上創建監控帳戶
-- 2、在所有被監控MySQL服務器上創建帳戶，注意：新版本中，這里的密碼必須為monitor，可參考配置文件/etc/proxysql.cnf
mysql -uroot -plhr -h192.168.66.35 -P33131
create user 'monitor'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'monitor';
GRANT all privileges ON *.* TO 'monitor'@'%' with grant option;
select user,host from mysql.user;
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+---------------+--------------+
| user | host |
+---------------+--------------+
| mha | % |
| monitor | % |
| repl | % |
| root | % |
| mysql.session | localhost |
| mysql.sys | localhost |
| root | localhost |
+---------------+--------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3.4.3 在所有被監控MySQL服務器上創建對外訪問賬戶
-- 3、 在所有被監控MySQL服務器上創建對外訪問賬戶：
create user 'wr'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'lhr';
GRANT all privileges ON *.* TO 'wr'@'%' with grant option;
-- 配置到ProxySQL中
insert into mysql_users(username,password,default_hostgroup) values('wr','lhr',10);
update mysql_users set transaction_persistent=1 where username='wr';
load mysql users to runtime;
save mysql users to disk;
select * from mysql_users;
MySQL [(none)]> select * from mysql_users;
+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+---------+
| username | password | active | use_ssl | default_hostgroup | default_schema | schema_locked | transaction_persistent | fast_forward | backend | frontend | max_connections | comment |
+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+---------+
| wr | lhr | 1 | 0 | 10 | NULL | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 10000 | |
+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+---------+
1 row in set (0.05 sec)
3.4.4 配置監控
-- 4、在ProxySQL端執行下列SQL語句：
set mysql-monitor_username='monitor';
set mysql-monitor_password='monitor';
load mysql servers to runtime;
save mysql servers to disk;
select * from global_variables where variable_name in('mysql-monitor_username','mysql-monitor_password');
+------------------------+----------------+
| variable_name | variable_value |
+------------------------+----------------+
| mysql-monitor_password | monitor |
| mysql-monitor_username | monitor |
+------------------------+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.05 sec)
-- 檢查連接到MySQL的日志
select * from monitor.mysql_server_ping_log order by time_start_us desc limit 6;
select * from monitor.mysql_server_connect_log order by time_start_us desc limit 6;
MySQL [(none)]> select * from monitor.mysql_server_ping_log order by time_start_us desc limit 6;
+----------------+------+------------------+----------------------+------------+
| hostname | port | time_start_us | ping_success_time_us | ping_error |
+----------------+------+------------------+----------------------+------------+
| 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 1614050308827202 | 252 | NULL |
| 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 1614050308716530 | 370 | NULL |
| 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 1614050308605853 | 542 | NULL |
| 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 1614050298778908 | 334 | NULL |
| 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 1614050298690947 | 297 | NULL |
| 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 1614050298605725 | 344 | NULL |
+----------------+------+------------------+----------------------+------------+
6 rows in set (0.06 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> select * from monitor.mysql_server_connect_log order by time_start_us desc limit 6;
+----------------+------+------------------+-------------------------+---------------+
| hostname | port | time_start_us | connect_success_time_us | connect_error |
+----------------+------+------------------+-------------------------+---------------+
| 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 1614050285481316 | 1173 | NULL |
| 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 1614050284894846 | 1008 | NULL |
| 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 1614050284309124 | 970 | NULL |
| 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 1614050225194575 | 1108 | NULL |
| 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 1614050224751771 | 987 | NULL |
| 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 1614050224309026 | 1294 | NULL |
+----------------+------+------------------+-------------------------+---------------+
6 rows in set (0.05 sec)
3.4.5 配置MySQL主機組
-- 5、實驗使用10作為寫入組，20作為讀取組。
show create table mysql_replication_hostgroups\G;
writer_hostgroup 寫入組的編號
reader_hostgroup 讀取組的編號
-- 注意：需要配置從庫的read_only=1
show variables like 'read_only';
set global read_only=1;
insert into mysql_replication_hostgroups(writer_hostgroup,reader_hostgroup,comment) values(10,20,'proxy');
load mysql servers to runtime;
save mysql servers to disk;
select * from mysql_replication_hostgroups;
select * from mysql_server_read_only_log order by time_start_us desc limit 3;
select * from mysql_servers;
MySQL [(none)]> select * from mysql_replication_hostgroups;
+------------------+------------------+------------+---------+
| writer_hostgroup | reader_hostgroup | check_type | comment |
+------------------+------------------+------------+---------+
| 10 | 20 | read_only | proxy |
+------------------+------------------+------------+---------+
1 row in set (0.05 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> select * from mysql_server_read_only_log order by time_start_us desc limit 3;
+----------------+------+------------------+-----------------+-----------+-------+
| hostname | port | time_start_us | success_time_us | read_only | error |
+----------------+------+------------------+-----------------+-----------+-------+
| 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 1614050367153351 | 611 | 1 | NULL |
| 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 1614050367136396 | 490 | 0 | NULL |
| 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 1614050367119511 | 531 | 1 | NULL |
+----------------+------+------------------+-----------------+-----------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.05 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> select * from mysql_servers;
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
| hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
| 10 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 20 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 20 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
3 rows in set (0.05 sec)
注意，此時mysql_servers表中的hostgroup_id值已發生變化。
3.4.6 配置讀寫分離策略
-- 6、配置讀寫分離策略
insert into mysql_query_rules(active,match_pattern,destination_hostgroup,apply) values(1,'^SELECT.*FOR UPDATE$',10,1);
insert into mysql_query_rules(active,match_pattern,destination_hostgroup,apply) values(1,'^SELECT',20,1);
LOAD MYSQL QUERY RULES TO RUNTIME;
SAVE MYSQL QUERY RULES TO DISK;
-- 配置查詢select的請求轉發到hostgroup_id=2組上（讀組）
-- 針對select * from table_name for update這樣的修改語句，我們是需要將請求轉到寫組，也就是hostgroup_id=1
-- 對於其它沒有被規則匹配的請求全部轉發到默認的組（mysql_users表中default_hostgroup）
select * from mysql_query_rules;
select username,password,default_hostgroup from mysql_users;
MySQL [(none)]> select * from mysql_query_rules;
+---------+--------+----------+------------+--------+-------------+------------+------------+--------+--------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------+---------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------+--------------------+---------------+-----------+---------+---------+-------+-------------------+----------------+------------------+-----------+--------+-------------+-----------+---------------------+-----+-------+---------+
| rule_id | active | username | schemaname | flagIN | client_addr | proxy_addr | proxy_port | digest | match_digest | match_pattern | negate_match_pattern | re_modifiers | flagOUT | replace_pattern | destination_hostgroup | cache_ttl | cache_empty_result | cache_timeout | reconnect | timeout | retries | delay | next_query_flagIN | mirror_flagOUT | mirror_hostgroup | error_msg | OK_msg | sticky_conn | multiplex | gtid_from_hostgroup | log | apply | comment |
+---------+--------+----------+------------+--------+-------------+------------+------------+--------+--------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------+---------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------+--------------------+---------------+-----------+---------+---------+-------+-------------------+----------------+------------------+-----------+--------+-------------+-----------+---------------------+-----+-------+---------+
| 1 | 1 | NULL | NULL | 0 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | ^SELECT.*FOR UPDATE$ | 0 | CASELESS | NULL | NULL | 10 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 1 | NULL |
| 2 | 1 | NULL | NULL | 0 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | ^SELECT | 0 | CASELESS | NULL | NULL | 20 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 1 | NULL |
+---------+--------+----------+------------+--------+-------------+------------+------------+--------+--------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------+---------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------+--------------------+---------------+-----------+---------+---------+-------+-------------------+----------------+------------------+-----------+--------+-------------+-----------+---------------------+-----+-------+---------+
2 rows in set (0.05 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> select username,password,default_hostgroup from mysql_users;
+----------+----------+-------------------+
| username | password | default_hostgroup |
+----------+----------+-------------------+
| wr | lhr | 10 |
+----------+----------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.05 sec)
至此，ProxySQL讀寫分離和負載均衡已配置完成，接下來我們進行測試。
四、測試讀負載均衡
[root@docker35 ~]# for i in $(seq 1 10); do mysql -uwr -plhr -h192.168.68.136 -P6033 -e 'select @@server_id;'; done | egrep '[0-9]'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
573306133
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
573306132
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
573306132
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
573306132
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
573306133
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
573306133
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
573306133
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
573306132
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
573306132
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
573306132
MySQL [(none)]> SELECT * FROM stats.stats_mysql_connection_pool;
+-----------+----------------+----------+--------+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------+---------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+
| hostgroup | srv_host | srv_port | status | ConnUsed | ConnFree | ConnOK | ConnERR | MaxConnUsed | Queries | Queries_GTID_sync | Bytes_data_sent | Bytes_data_recv | Latency_us |
+-----------+----------------+----------+--------+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------+---------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+
| 10 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | ONLINE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 323 |
| 20 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | ONLINE | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 108 | 84 | 280 |
| 20 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | ONLINE | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 72 | 56 | 390 |
+-----------+----------------+----------+--------+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------+---------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.06 sec)
-- 可以看到Queries列分配到132和133的從庫上。
-- 接下來使用mysqlslap來做壓測
[root@docker35 ~]#
[root@docker35 ~]# mysqlslap -uwr -plhr -h192.168.68.136 -P6033 --create-schema=lhrmysqlslap --auto-generate-sql --auto-generate-sql-load-type=read --number-of-queries=100000
mysqlslap: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Benchmark
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 104.757 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 104.757 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 104.757 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 1
Average number of queries per client: 100000
MySQL [(none)]> SELECT * FROM stats_mysql_commands_counters WHERE Total_cnt;
+-----------------+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
| Command | Total_Time_us | Total_cnt | cnt_100us | cnt_500us | cnt_1ms | cnt_5ms | cnt_10ms | cnt_50ms | cnt_100ms | cnt_500ms | cnt_1s | cnt_5s | cnt_10s | cnt_INFs |
+-----------------+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
| CREATE_DATABASE | 90942 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| CREATE_TABLE | 67954 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| INSERT | 11337671 | 113 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 69 | 27 | 14 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| SELECT | 15299552 | 22293 | 263 | 1588 | 18947 | 1453 | 29 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| SHOW | 56308 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| UNKNOWN | 131355 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
+-----------------+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
6 rows in set (0.11 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> SELECT * FROM stats_mysql_commands_counters WHERE Total_cnt;
+-----------------+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
| Command | Total_Time_us | Total_cnt | cnt_100us | cnt_500us | cnt_1ms | cnt_5ms | cnt_10ms | cnt_50ms | cnt_100ms | cnt_500ms | cnt_1s | cnt_5s | cnt_10s | cnt_INFs |
+-----------------+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
| CREATE_DATABASE | 90942 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| CREATE_TABLE | 67954 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| INSERT | 11337671 | 113 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 69 | 27 | 14 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| SELECT | 16494138 | 24050 | 263 | 1744 | 20488 | 1512 | 29 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| SHOW | 56308 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| UNKNOWN | 131355 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
+-----------------+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
6 rows in set (0.07 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> SELECT * FROM stats.stats_mysql_connection_pool;
+-----------+----------------+----------+--------+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------+---------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+
| hostgroup | srv_host | srv_port | status | ConnUsed | ConnFree | ConnOK | ConnERR | MaxConnUsed | Queries | Queries_GTID_sync | Bytes_data_sent | Bytes_data_recv | Latency_us |
+-----------+----------------+----------+--------+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------+---------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+
| 10 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | ONLINE | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 107 | 0 | 16464 | 92 | 277 |
| 20 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | ONLINE | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24052 | 0 | 768920 | 335907539 | 306 |
| 20 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24061 | 0 | 769119 | 335923167 | 381 |
+-----------+----------------+----------+--------+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------+---------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.39 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> SELECT hostgroup,schemaname , username , digest , sum_time, count_star, substr(digest_text,1,60) FROM stats_mysql_query_digest where schemaname='lhrmysqlslap' ORDER BY sum_time DESC;
+-----------+--------------+----------+--------------------+----------+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| hostgroup | schemaname | username | digest | sum_time | count_star | substr(digest_text,1,60) |
+-----------+--------------+----------+--------------------+----------+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| 20 | lhrmysqlslap | wr | 0x91B125A563AED6EB | 65166273 | 100000 | SELECT intcol1,charcol1 FROM t1 |
| 10 | lhrmysqlslap | wr | 0xBCFD962F4A5FFA4B | 1134087 | 99 | INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (?,?) |
| 10 | lhrmysqlslap | wr | 0x50E8C33778819FCD | 23904 | 1 | CREATE TABLE `t1` (intcol1 INT(?) ,charcol1 VARCHAR(?)) |
| 10 | lhrmysqlslap | wr | 0x41B7F05694EF426F | 21351 | 1 | DROP SCHEMA IF EXISTS `lhrmysqlslap` |
+-----------+--------------+----------+--------------------+----------+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.08 sec)
可以看出，負載被分別被分配到132和133上。
五、測試讀寫分離
-- 測試讀寫分離
mysql -uwr -plhr -h192.168.66.35 -P26033
create database test_proxysql;
use test_proxysql;
create table test_tables(name varchar(20),age int(4));
insert into test_tables values('lhr','33');
select * from test_tables;
select * from stats_mysql_query_digest;
MySQL [(none)]> SELECT * FROM stats.stats_mysql_connection_pool;
+-----------+----------------+----------+--------+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------+---------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+
| hostgroup | srv_host | srv_port | status | ConnUsed | ConnFree | ConnOK | ConnERR | MaxConnUsed | Queries | Queries_GTID_sync | Bytes_data_sent | Bytes_data_recv | Latency_us |
+-----------+----------------+----------+--------+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------+---------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+
| 10 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | ONLINE | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 165 | 92 | 369 |
| 20 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | ONLINE | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 142 | 130 | 301 |
| 20 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | ONLINE | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 97 | 67 | 341 |
+-----------+----------------+----------+--------+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------+---------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.07 sec)
-- 可以看到寫操作被分配到131主機上。
-- 其它表的統計信息
SELECT * FROM stats.stats_mysql_connection_pool;
SELECT * FROM stats_mysql_commands_counters WHERE Total_cnt;
SELECT * FROM stats_mysql_query_digest ORDER BY sum_time DESC;
SELECT hostgroup,schemaname , username , digest , sum_time, count_star, substr(digest_text,1,60) FROM stats_mysql_query_digest where schemaname='lhrmysqlslap' ORDER BY sum_time DESC;
-- 清空數據，查詢stats_mysql_query_digest_reset表時，會自動從stats_mysql_query_digest中臨時抓取數據，並truncate。
SELECT * FROM stats_mysql_query_digest_reset LIMIT 1;
-- 使用sysbench繼續讀寫分離測試
-- 配置MySQL最大連接數：set global max_connections=1000;
sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua --time=300 --mysql-host=192.168.68.136 --mysql-port=6033 --mysql-user=wr --mysql-password=lhr --mysql-db=sbtest --table-size=100000 --tables=20 --threads=100 --events=999999999 prepare
sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_read_write.lua --time=300 --mysql-host=192.168.68.136 --mysql-port=6033 --mysql-user=wr --mysql-password=lhr --mysql-db=sbtest --table-size=10000 --tables=20 --threads=100 --events=999999999 --report-interval=10 --db-ps-mode=disable --forced-shutdown=1 run
sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_read_only.lua --time=300 --mysql-host=192.168.68.136 --mysql-port=6033 --mysql-user=wr --mysql-password=lhr --mysql-db=sbtest --table-size=10000 --tables=20 --threads=100 --events=999999999 --report-interval=10 --db-ps-mode=disable --forced-shutdown=1 run
-- 查詢讀寫分離的監控數據
MySQL [(none)]> SELECT hostgroup,schemaname , username , digest , sum_time, count_star, substr(digest_text,1,60) FROM stats_mysql_query_digest where schemaname='sbtest' ORDER BY sum_time DESC;
+-----------+------------+----------+--------------------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| hostgroup | schemaname | username | digest | sum_time | count_star | substr(digest_text,1,60) |
+-----------+------------+----------+--------------------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x76607360EFEAC208 | 84059739 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest14(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x02834C12D1767CBF | 81396186 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest19(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xF175422CAEB5052B | 80172428 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest5(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xD264943870461B52 | 78250552 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest9(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x2F9D0B4C12C50457 | 75761155 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest13(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x0482F61CCAD957B8 | 74841767 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest16(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x2BA639A0C593250B | 74744554 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest20(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x131C045B3F7FC633 | 74710835 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest12(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x9677C76C4DF88251 | 74446715 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest6(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x36760936592E8530 | 74289312 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest2(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xEFBA5FC0C8412297 | 72425766 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest18(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xDF47484FFE945EDD | 70572836 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest8(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x27D376AC1710C980 | 66516942 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest11(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x4D433FDEA1B945C1 | 65829143 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest10(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xFF6D9C6F32545951 | 65739929 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest1(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x772AE6B66160E91E | 65271284 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest7(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x4F8D29910113CAE6 | 64822306 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest15(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x7502AE74F4B0113E | 64133812 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest4(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x4B083B064FF4F9D9 | 61931719 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest17(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x3C6D29F861CD6572 | 60387247 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest3(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x8965AD5701787BC0 | 33638613 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_3 ON sbtest3(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xB12065B0D79AC0DD | 33288092 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_17 ON sbtest17(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xC46D61BAA605D7D3 | 32926000 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_1 ON sbtest1(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x2BF8C8E7084502D5 | 32904517 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_7 ON sbtest7(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x6F22CFB8FF512B02 | 32625659 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_4 ON sbtest4(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x14A86D647A425E21 | 31622991 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_15 ON sbtest15(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xF9D03F580356BB68 | 31573312 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_11 ON sbtest11(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xA43F49E4ADA080FB | 31346640 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_10 ON sbtest10(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x922B9C1E888EB4C9 | 29435206 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_8 ON sbtest8(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x409A0DA0B5B6EEF9 | 28482669 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_2 ON sbtest2(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xE4300864715B3688 | 28000903 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_20 ON sbtest20(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x4DE9E56B5EF734F2 | 27918352 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_6 ON sbtest6(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x82CE0656182236D8 | 27909444 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_12 ON sbtest12(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xFE8EAD5ACC9FEEDE | 27273704 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_18 ON sbtest18(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x35A492B2AB47EB41 | 26754664 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_16 ON sbtest16(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xF5B52253F5260086 | 21401807 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_9 ON sbtest9(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xA1B769A0F4E9637C | 21271034 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_13 ON sbtest13(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xFBE6F4A5E871D069 | 21202873 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_5 ON sbtest5(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x004D21922AA0CC4C | 19075137 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_19 ON sbtest19(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x6057175824222B09 | 18110480 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_14 ON sbtest14(k) |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x5143272478FE391F | 5837193 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest13(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xD9E2214392AB9E0D | 2791511 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest9(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x4AC5841F976F5A1A | 1686763 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest5( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x0E320961406063D2 | 1608309 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest3(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x1886E479A84E6EF3 | 1364378 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest19(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xDC0701A550CF81E1 | 1315637 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest14( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xDE42F97C93E70D2F | 1213739 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest9( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x69426F34842FCBCB | 1167716 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest16(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x3455DC796FFE13FF | 1096589 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest19( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xCB672EA01B2BCC66 | 1059624 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest18( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x68A680665F3A4F7F | 1046881 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest18(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x988823E25FA87160 | 1008422 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest7( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x630131CEA842636C | 941575 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest17(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xCFABCFBA3338DFE6 | 883756 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest13( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x38C679BD1A2B850D | 800858 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest20( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xA8C074E066D84361 | 745750 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest2( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x644F2A01D1AEE6F0 | 618114 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest8(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xA6A432C624F814B1 | 588508 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest7(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xAC072AB4E74DCA04 | 587709 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest1(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x6A5DF2EE9E492E4E | 544548 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest4(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xB483ABDF2ACB307D | 523796 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest16( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xDD3B26A209175EF7 | 520238 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest10(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x1061831367EE99C7 | 453881 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest14(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x7F93BDE97051D79A | 440020 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest6( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x806A9CCB80119BE2 | 417349 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest1( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x43CA6E3D0072BCBE | 402073 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest12( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xA204975AD230A23B | 400655 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest8( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x11E6BAC23207DD78 | 381162 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest2(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x42B1839D8797EDCB | 379488 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest12(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x583CBA28271C4365 | 357866 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest4( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x6ACC6500F6722004 | 340867 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest15( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x5408EB0F722B3B6F | 324340 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest10( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xCD3FA57950F3E362 | 293837 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest5(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x4196561D18B78360 | 285839 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest20(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xE7DCF83C81EDEA8D | 265476 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest11( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xFA3A3817BE19ABB3 | 250778 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest3( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x6B8F384E1250D83C | 247460 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest17( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x26E4B187688CC6BE | 218255 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest6(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x9E18B2E0420BA351 | 200861 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest15(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
| 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xAB7D4ACFF578DC61 | 199109 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest11(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
+-----------+------------+----------+--------------------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
80 rows in set (0.71 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> SELECT * FROM stats_mysql_commands_counters WHERE Total_cnt;
+-----------------+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
| Command | Total_Time_us | Total_cnt | cnt_100us | cnt_500us | cnt_1ms | cnt_5ms | cnt_10ms | cnt_50ms | cnt_100ms | cnt_500ms | cnt_1s | cnt_5s | cnt_10s | cnt_INFs |
+-----------------+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
| BEGIN | 2793013652 | 15681 | 95 | 888 | 1864 | 5806 | 2671 | 2882 | 447 | 266 | 33 | 533 | 190 | 6 |
| COMMIT | 4360624460 | 15575 | 3 | 31 | 58 | 191 | 138 | 1031 | 2337 | 9827 | 1369 | 590 | 0 | 0 |
| CREATE_DATABASE | 99871 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| CREATE_INDEX | 556762097 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 |
| CREATE_TABLE | 13849772 | 43 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 1 | 11 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| DELETE | 603363949 | 14940 | 45 | 197 | 1637 | 5575 | 2424 | 2997 | 771 | 1081 | 136 | 77 | 0 | 0 |
| INSERT | 1734742355 | 15812 | 38 | 339 | 1872 | 6251 | 2484 | 2887 | 586 | 590 | 138 | 605 | 21 | 1 |
| SELECT | 3704563235 | 319925 | 965 | 12937 | 109961 | 96434 | 40564 | 44484 | 7667 | 6460 | 376 | 77 | 0 | 0 |
| UPDATE | 1788596841 | 29900 | 45 | 166 | 2336 | 9589 | 4487 | 6847 | 2123 | 3682 | 445 | 180 | 0 | 0 |
| SHOW | 58391 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| UNKNOWN | 152706 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
+-----------------+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
11 rows in set (0.11 sec)
可以觀察到讀寫分離的數據。
六、故障切換
在Manager節點檢查SSH、復制及MHA的狀態。
docker exec -it MHA-LHR-Monitor-ip134 bash
masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/mha/mha.cnf
masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/mha/mha.cnf
masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/mha/mha.cnf
-- 啟動MHA監控進程
nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha.cnf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /usr/local/mha/manager_start.log 2>&1 &
--關閉MHA監控進程
masterha_stop --conf=/etc/mha/mha.cnf
[root@MHA-LHR-Monitor-ip134 /]# masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/mha/mha.cnf
mha (pid:3738) is running(0:PING_OK), master:192.168.68.131
接下來，宕掉主庫，繼續觀察ProxySQL的情況：
-- 宕掉主庫
docker stop MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131
MHA自動執行了故障轉移，主庫切換為132，並發送告警郵件：
此時，來查看ProxySQL的情況：
MySQL [(none)]> select * from mysql_servers;
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
| hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
| 10 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 20 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 20 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 20 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
4 rows in set (0.05 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> select * from runtime_mysql_servers;
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+---------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
| hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+---------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
| 10 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 20 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 0 | SHUNNED | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 20 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 20 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+---------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
4 rows in set (1.26 sec)
可以發現131已經變成SHUNNED狀態，ProxySQL會避開這個主機。
此時再做壓測等操作，所有負載會被分配到132和133上，此處不再測試。
接下來啟動131，並以從庫的身份加入原主從環境：
-- 啟動131
docker start MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131
-- 在134的日志文件中找到恢復的語句
grep "All other slaves should start replication from here" /usr/local/mha/manager_running.log
-- 在131上執行恢復
mysql -uroot -plhr -h192.168.68.131 -P3306
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.68.132',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1,
MASTER_USER='repl',
MASTER_PASSWORD='lhr';
start slave;
show slave status \G
-- 設置只讀
set global read_only=1;
查詢ProxySQL：
MySQL [(none)]> select * from mysql_servers;
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
| hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
| 10 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 20 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 20 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 20 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
4 rows in set (0.06 sec)
可以看到131為只讀。若想讓132只寫，則可以刪除相關記錄：
MySQL [(none)]> delete from mysql_servers where hostgroup_id=20 and hostname='192.168.68.132';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> load mysql servers to runtime;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.68 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> save mysql servers to disk;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> select * from mysql_servers;
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
| hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
| 10 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 20 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 20 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
3 rows in set (0.05 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> select * from runtime_mysql_servers;
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
| hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
| 10 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 20 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 20 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
+--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
3 rows in set (0.94 sec)
可以看到132為主庫，131和133為從庫。Orchestrator界面：
七、界面監控結果（ProxySQL本身+PMM監控）
7.1 ProxySQL自帶監控
ProxySQL監控結果：
7.2 PMM監控
監控可以使用ProxySQL本身自動的監控，也可以使用PMM來監控。PMM（Percona Monitoring and Management）是一個免費的開源平台，用於管理和監視數據庫性能，在docker環境中即可運行。它可以主動管理和監控MySQL（AWS RDS MySQL、Aurora MySQL、用戶自建MySQL實例）、MariaDB、MongoDB、PostgreSQL等數據庫，也可以監控ProxySQL中間件，並提供了眾多指標與多樣告警方式。
PMM監控ProxySQL的命令如下：
pmm-admin add proxysql --username=root --password=lhr --host=192.168.66.35 --port=26032 --service-name=proxysql-192.168.66.35-26032
PMM監控結果：
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