虛擬機軟件：vmware workstation
ubantu系統鏡像： 官網 https://ubuntu.com/download/desktop
提前在d盤創建一個安裝目錄D:\linux\Ubuntu_pc_1
1、打開vmware虛擬機，點擊創建新的虛擬機
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17、注意勾選啟動時連接，否則無法啟動
18、把這三項移除
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30、此時出現如下界面
31、右擊虛擬機名稱，彈出菜單后選擇設置
32、把啟動時連接前的鈎去掉，然后點擊確定
33、然后點擊此處，選擇重新啟動客戶機
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35、輸入安裝時設置的密碼，回車
36、一路x掉
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38、右擊桌面，選擇open in terminal
39、創建root密碼
xiaoxiami@ubantupc1:~/Desktop$ sudo passwd root [sudo] password for xiaoxiami: New password: Retype new password: passwd: password updated successfully
40、切換至root用戶
iaoxiami@ubantupc1:~/Desktop$ su - root Password: root@ubantupc1:~#
41、測試網絡
oot@ubantupc1:~# ifconfig | head -n 5 Command 'ifconfig' not found, but can be installed with: apt install net-tools
42、右擊虛擬機名稱，選擇設置
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root@ubantupc1:~# apt install net-tools Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following NEW packages will be installed: net-tools 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 196 kB of archives. After this operation, 864 kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 net-tools amd64 1.60+git20180626.aebd88e-1ubuntu1 [196 kB]
Fetched 196 kB in 6s (32.7 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package net-tools. (Reading database ... 180241 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../net-tools_1.60+git20180626.aebd88e-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking net-tools (1.60+git20180626.aebd88e-1ubuntu1) ... Setting up net-tools (1.60+git20180626.aebd88e-1ubuntu1) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ... root@ubantupc1:~# ifconfig | head -n 5 ens32: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.3.29 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.3.255 inet6 fe80::f90:5d3b:be01:83d9 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:0c:29:43:a9:73 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 247625 bytes 334599463 (334.5 MB)
45、測試網絡
root@ubantupc1:~# ping www.baidu.com ## 測試外網 PING www.a.shifen.com (39.156.66.18) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 39.156.66.18 (39.156.66.18): icmp_seq=1 ttl=51 time=13.3 ms 64 bytes from 39.156.66.18 (39.156.66.18): icmp_seq=2 ttl=51 time=13.4 ms 64 bytes from 39.156.66.18 (39.156.66.18): icmp_seq=3 ttl=51 time=13.1 ms 64 bytes from 39.156.66.18 (39.156.66.18): icmp_seq=4 ttl=51 time=13.4 ms ^C --- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 6021ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 13.116/13.296/13.409/0.110 ms
root@ubantupc1:~# ping 192.168.3.4 ## 測試本地物理機 PING 192.168.3.4 (192.168.3.4) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.3.4: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=0.179 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.3.4: icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=0.189 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.3.4: icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=0.177 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.3.4: icmp_seq=4 ttl=128 time=0.164 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.3.4: icmp_seq=5 ttl=128 time=0.187 ms ^C --- 192.168.3.4 ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4103ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.164/0.179/0.189/0.008 ms
C:\Users\75377>ping 192.168.3.29 ## 物理機ping 虛擬機 正在 Ping 192.168.3.29 具有 32 字節的數據: 來自 192.168.3.29 的回復: 字節=32 時間<1ms TTL=64 來自 192.168.3.29 的回復: 字節=32 時間<1ms TTL=64 來自 192.168.3.29 的回復: 字節=32 時間<1ms TTL=64 來自 192.168.3.29 的回復: 字節=32 時間<1ms TTL=64
192.168.3.29 的 Ping 統計信息: 數據包: 已發送 = 4，已接收 = 4，丟失 = 0 (0% 丟失)， 往返行程的估計時間(以毫秒為單位): 最短 = 0ms，最長 = 0ms，平均 = 0ms
46、安裝ssh服務
root@ubantupc1:~# apt-get install openssh-server Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following additional packages will be installed: ncurses-term openssh-sftp-server ssh-import-id Suggested packages: molly-guard monkeysphere ssh-askpass The following NEW packages will be installed: ncurses-term openssh-server openssh-sftp-server ssh-import-id 0 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 688 kB of archives. After this operation, 6,010 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y Get:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 ncurses-term all 6.2-0ubuntu2 [249 kB]
Get:2 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 openssh-sftp-server amd64 1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.1 [51.5 kB]
Get:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 openssh-server amd64 1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.1 [377 kB]
Get:4 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 ssh-import-id all 5.10-0ubuntu1 [10.0 kB]
Fetched 688 kB in 14s (48.4 kB/s) Preconfiguring packages ... Selecting previously unselected package ncurses-term. (Reading database ... 180290 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../ncurses-term_6.2-0ubuntu2_all.deb ... Unpacking ncurses-term (6.2-0ubuntu2) ... Selecting previously unselected package openssh-sftp-server. Preparing to unpack .../openssh-sftp-server_1%3a8.2p1-4ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking openssh-sftp-server (1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package openssh-server. Preparing to unpack .../openssh-server_1%3a8.2p1-4ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking openssh-server (1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package ssh-import-id. Preparing to unpack .../ssh-import-id_5.10-0ubuntu1_all.deb ... Unpacking ssh-import-id (5.10-0ubuntu1) ... Setting up openssh-sftp-server (1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.1) ... Setting up openssh-server (1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.1) ... Creating config file /etc/ssh/sshd_config with new version Creating SSH2 RSA key; this may take some time ... 3072 SHA256:5csmtxdqgRivQ2lVtl9dIIFhAoTde/ahVtbflkrTqbM root@ubantupc1 (RSA) Creating SSH2 ECDSA key; this may take some time ... 256 SHA256:QSvBl91xiQwryrFI2iFwxyPn4hCy5p+2s6qJYSFEpS0 root@ubantupc1 (ECDSA) Creating SSH2 ED25519 key; this may take some time ... 256 SHA256:9EhHVJd2x/ZKcZn637cOABoHe2net5PX8LRApkPDiOQ root@ubantupc1 (ED25519) Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sshd.service → /lib/systemd/system/ssh.service. Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/ssh.service → /lib/systemd/system/ssh.service. rescue-ssh.target is a disabled or a static unit, not starting it. Setting up ssh-import-id (5.10-0ubuntu1) ... Attempting to convert /etc/ssh/ssh_import_id Setting up ncurses-term (6.2-0ubuntu2) ... Processing triggers for systemd (245.4-4ubuntu3.3) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ... Processing triggers for ufw (0.36-6) ...
47、ssh登錄測試
完成。
