考研英語二

小作文（10分）

考試准備

審清題目，了解是什么文體

• 書信(letter/email) 私人信函/公務信函
• 通知(notice)

思考信的稱呼怎么寫

• 公務信函
• Dear Sir or Madam , (逗號一定要加)
• To Whom It May Concern,(這個很嚴肅)
• 私人信函
• Dear Tom/Mary, (如果沒有名字，自己創造出一個名字)
• Dear Mr./Ms./Professor Smith

作文結構分成三段

第一段：開頭

Dear ___,

1. (自我介紹)

• 萬能：I am _____ who___.
• 官方：On behalf of____. 表示僅代表sth

2. (寫信來意)

• 目的： I am writing this letter for the purpose of_____.
• 萬能： I am writing to take this opportunity to extend/express my heartfelt welcome/appreciation/congratulations/apology to sb

第二段：正文

根據具體信件分析

第三段：(5選2)

1. 表示感謝。Thank you very much for your time and consideration.
2. 表示道歉。I apologize for any inconvenience caused.
3. 表示祝願。I really hope that you can enjoy your work and life.
4. 表示期盼回復。I am looking forward to your reply.
5. 表示聯系。Should you have ang further questions,please let me know./If you have any questions,please do not hesitate to contact me at any time

• Sincerely yours,
• Li Ming 落款左右都可以，記得對齊
• formal （正式）；Yours Sincerely .一個比較bai informal（非正式)；Sincerely yours
• 句子重復不要怕，小作文強調專業性，就是要重復，要求句子簡單明了

考試內容

考試包括10種信體，分別是建議，投訴，感謝，道歉，邀請，通知，接受/拒接，推薦，求職/辭職，請求。

考試會要求多種信體結合，不會單考一種信體，請好好准備！

具體問題具體分析，嚴格按照考試的要求來寫，不要死套模板

建議

建議信是考試重點，考的次數多

第一篇比較正式，給上級

 Dear ______ ,
    I am _____.I am writing this letter for purpose of offering you some suggestion on _____.
    To begin with ,will you please_____.Morerover,_____.If you are so kind as to ______,I/we will be greatly honored .
    I really hope that ________.Thank you very much for your time and consideration.(祝願+感謝)
                                                                                                     Sincerely yours,
                                                                                                             Li Ming 

但考試一般會感謝+建議/祝賀+建議/歡迎+建議

第二篇偏向於同學，朋友

 Dear ______,
    On behalf of____.I am writing to take this opportunity to extend/express my heartfelt welcome/appreciation/congratulations to ______. 
    It is my great pleasure to make several practical suggestions to you .To begin with,_____.Furthermore,_____.
    I really hope you will ________.Should you have ang further questions,please let me know.(祝願+聯系)
                                                                                                     Sincerely yours,
                                                                                                             Li Ming 

留學生建議

• You should attend the class every day and do your after-school task accordingly.
• In spite of all these challenges,you can still enjoy your life here.Various activities like social gatherings and dance provide ample opportunities to make friends.

投訴

考的少，就2012年考了一次

 Dear ______,
    I am _____. I feel bad to trouble you but I am afriad that I have to make a complaint about _____.
    The reason for my dissatisfaction is_____.In the first place,____.In addition,______.I appreciate it very much if you could _________(提出建議和要求),and I have  this matter settled by _____截止時間
    Thank you very much for your time and consideration and I am looking forward to your reply.(感謝+回復)
                                                                                                     Sincerely yours,
                                                                                                             Li Ming 

• the battery can only last for three hours
• there are number of spelling mistakes in the dictionary
• you could change a new one for me /refund the money for me

感謝

考的少，但可以學習一下，是一種元素
，舔就完事了， = v =

 Dear ______,
     I am writing to take this great opportunity to extend/express my heartfelt appreciation to you for the  generous  help you offered me.
     You have  always been so kind to me._______.If it had not been for your assistance,my life would have been very difficult.
     Once again, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to you.I really hope you can enjoy your work and life there.(感謝+祝願)
                                                                                                     Sincerely yours,
                                                                                                             Li Ming 

道歉

也是元素之一

 Dear ______,
     I am writing to make a apology to you for+原因.+稍微解釋下，帶來的不便
     提出解決方法.If there are some any other solutions you like,please let me know.
     I am sorry again for any inconvenience caused.I am looking forward to your reply.(道歉+回復)
                                                                                                     Sincerely yours,
                                                                                                             Li Ming 

不能赴約的原因

• I have been suffering from a disease since the summer.I am firmly advised that it would be unwise to undertake any distant travel in the near future.
• for 后面加句子表示原因

邀請

十分重要，最后一段有點不同

Dear Professor Smith,
     On behalf of____.I am writing this letter for the purpose of inviting  you as sth to attend forthcoming____to be held in 地點 on 時間.We will be honored to have you there with us.
     The conference/competition will start in the early morning and is generally threefold.Firstly,there is going to be an opening ceremony where the chairman (of sth) will deliver a welcome speech.Secondly,會議比賽內容。Last but no least,there is going to be a closing ceremony and you will be invited to give a small  talk concerning sth.
     I really hope that you could accpet our invitation.Please let me know if you come and when you will be able to make it before+時間.we are looking forward to your reply.(祝願+回復)
                                                                                                     Sincerely yours,
                                                                                                             Li Ming 

樣例

• I am writing this letter for the purpose of inviting you as a judge to attend the forthcoming English Speech Contese to be held in our university Lecture Hall on May 4,2020
• 開幕式 an opening ceremony
• 閉幕式 a closing ceremony
• 頒獎式 a award ceremony

通知

                                                 Notice(居中)   
                                                                                                     May 4,2020(右對齊) 
     On behalf of____.I am writing this notice for the purpose of  doing for sth to be  held in 地點 on 時間.
     The potential candidates should meet the following requirements/qualification.Firstly,___.Secondly,___.Last but not least ,___.
     Thank you very much for your time and consideration.If you are interested,please do not hesitate contact  me at the email provided below: [e-mail] before May 4,2020.(感謝+聯系)
                                                                                     Postgraduates' Association (署名)

素材

• To begin with,they should have Chinese nationality,cheerful personality , presentable appearance and be aged under 25./a strong sense of responsibility.
• Furthermore,they should be skilled in spoken English and pass the CET-6 with high grades.
• Last but not least , those with relevant experience are preferred

接受/拒接信

接受就是感謝，拒接就是道歉（基本上）

接受

 Dear ______,
     Thank you for your invitation.It will be my great pleasure to accept this invitation to the forthcoming____ about___.
     The conference/competition is mainly threefold.To begin with,__.Furthermore,__. Last but not least,___.
     I really hope ___(考試內容).I really appreciate this opportunity you give me and I am looking forward to meeting you then.(感謝+祝願)
                                                                                                     Sincerely yours,
                                                                                                             Li Ming 

素材

• I would like to introduce traditional Chinese festivals,such as the Spring Festival,the Lantern Festival and the Dragon Boat Festival.
• The Chinese cuisine will be discussed and students will get to know major difference between _____ and ____.
• I am going to talk about__.

拒接

 Dear ______,
     Thank you very much for your letter inviting me to attend forthcoming____about__.
     Much to my regret,I shall not be able to honor the invitation because I have been suffering  from a disease  since the summer.I am firmly advised that it would be  unwise to undertake any distant travel in the near future.
     I feel very sad to miss this opportunity of meeting you and many others in the conference.I wish the conference a  complete success(道歉+祝願)
                                                                                                     Sincerely yours,
                                                                                                             Li Ming 

• wish sth sth(賓語補主語)
• On behalf of the Students' Union.

推薦信

 Dear ______ ,
    I am _____.I am writing this letter for the purpose of  recommending you sth,___.(同謂語)
    The reason for my recommend is that sth is ___.To begin with,___.Furthermore,___.
    I really hope that ________as much as I do.If you have any questions,please do not hesitate contact  me at any time(祝願+聯系)
                                                                                                     Sincerely yours,
                                                                                                             Li Ming 

朋友之間可以用用

• How are you doing?
• How is everything doing?
• recommend sb sth
• recommend sth to sb

書和電影都可以用

• This movie is box office hit //票房冠軍
• The character are charming and their performance is outstanding
• The plot(情節) is cliff-hanging,capturing my attention all along.
• The story is interesting/ moving /enlightening/educational and enjoyable
• It is my great pleasure to recommend you sth.

求職/辭職信

辭職就是道歉,比較正式

 Dear ______,
     I am _____.I am writing this letter for the purpose of resigning from  my current position. I am grateful to be employed as a sth two months ago.It is my great honor to work for you. (具體問題具體分析)
     The reasons for my withdrawal are as follows.To begin with,__.Furthermore,___.
     I am sorry again for any inconvenience caused.Hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.(道歉+期望)
                                                                                                     Sincerely yours,
                                                                                                             Li Ming 

求職信

 Dear Sir or Madam,
     I am _____.I am writing this letter for the purpose of applying for the position as a(n)___that you have advertised in a certain website.
     Not only do I have the qualifications for this job,but also have the right personality.On the one hand,______.On the oher hand,______.
     Thank you very much for your time and consideration.Should you grant me a personal interview,I would be most grateful. If you are  satisfied with me,please do not hesitate contact  me at any time.(感謝+聯系)
                                                                                                     Sincerely yours,
                                                                                                             Li Ming 

• resign from my current position //辭職
• I am an undergraduate student from a local university
• This position requires candidiate who major in/be skilled in environment science ,which falls in with my previous training and strength.
• I have cheerful and optimistic character and I can work under stress.

請求信

 Dear ______,
     I am _____.I am writing this letter for the purpose of___.(請求內容)
     The requirements are as follows.(請求內容)
     Thank you very much for your time and consideration.I am looking forward to your reply.(感謝+回復)
                                                                                                     Sincerely yours,
                                                                                                             Li Ming 

• The child should be a girl and aged under 8 years old.Her family has failed to support her schooling due to poor financial condition.
• I plan to offer 800RMB for her monthly life expense and pay all her tuition fee until she reaches the age of 18.
• I would like tranfer my donation to a bank account opened by her family in her local area.

介詞使用

具體某一天

• on July 1,2020
• in 2020/Jujy
• in the morning/afternoon
• at night
• on the morning of July 1,2020
• this year/this month/next week
• in cities/at school/on campus/
• two months ago
• for three years

大作文（15分）

圖表作文，有如下兩種形式

1. 偏向線圖（line chart）,柱圖（bar/column chart）,重點是數據上升下降，平穩波動
2. 偏向餅圖（pie chart）,表格（table）重點是數據比例

一般介紹數據和現象，需要嚴謹，不需要花里胡哨換詞和用從句

詞匯表1

• 數字: number/statistics
• 比例: proportion/percentage 偏向百分比
• 比例: rate/ratio
• 某個/些/種: certain
• 從..到..: from...to.. /bewteen.. and ..
• 上升: go up, increase,climb,be on the rise
• 下降: go down,decrease,drop,be on the decline
• 快速: sharply/notably/noticeably
• 緩慢: gently/slightly/subtly
• 約: about/around/nearly
• 然而: However/Nonetheless
• 對比: On the contrary
• 同時: At the same time/In the meantime
• 同一時段: in the same period
• 平穩發散: sth remain unchanged (for a long time)
• 平穩波動: sth fluctuate between 1% and 2%

線圖,柱圖第一段

第一句話得介紹這個圖關於什么

• The bar/line chart provides some interesting data regarding_____.(名詞)
• eg: the market share of certain car brands in the Chinese car market between 2008 to 2009.

第二句講數據上升還是下降,基本上都是過去時

• Specifically,The proportion of Chinese cars increased sharply from 25% in 2008 to nearly 32% in 2009.
• On the contrary,That of Japanese cars suffered from a notable decline between 2008 to 2009 in the same period.
• 經歷: undergo/experience/suffer from/enjoy
• In the meantime,the ratio of American brands remained unchanged ,reaching around 13% of the total car market.

詞匯表2

• 占據：account for/constitute (首選)
• 占據：make up /take up(次選)
• 分別：respectively
• 打算：aim to /intend to
• 分類：category/(pl) categories

餅圖,表格第一段

第一句話得介紹這個圖/表關於什么

• The pie chart/ table provides some interesting data regarding_____.(名詞)
• eg: The travel purposes of students in a certain university

第二句你得把占據比例說清楚（挑重點寫）

• eg: Specifically,the students who aim to enjoy the scenery and release the pressure account for 37% and 33%respectively,the highest two proportions among the five categories.
• Only 9% of the students intend to develop indenpendence and 6% to make friends.
• In addition,The percentage (of students traveling for other reasons) reaches as much as 15%.

占比重復了這么處理

• 20%
• another 20%
• the remaining 20%(remaining 的意思就是把其他的都描述了，剩下)

第一段例子1

• The pie chart provides some interesting data regarding the proportion of citizen's spending during the Spring Festival in a certain Chinese city. Specifically,the money spent on New Year gifts accounts for 40%,the highest percentage among the four categories.Nearly 20% of the money is spent on meals and parties and another 20% on transport.The citizen use the remaining 20% of the money for other purposes.

第一段例子2

• The table provides some interesting data regarding the work satisfaction level of empolyeers in different age in a certain company.To be Specific,for those aged from 41 to 50,nearly 64% are dissatisfied with their work while nobody shows satisfaction to the job.On the contrary,for those aged above 50,40% are content with their work while only 10% discontented.

詞匯表3

• 經濟增長：economic growth
• 人口膨脹：population explosion
• 教育體制: educational system
• 家庭教育: family education
• 社會影響: social influence
• 環境因素: environment impact
• 科技創新：technological innovation
• 同齡壓力：peer pressure
• 心態原因：world outlook

第二段

主要解釋原因

主題框架：

版本一：
There are two fundamental factors contributing to this social phenomenon.To begin with ,this phenomenon could be ascribed to the原因一. (This can definitely lead to the phenomenon depicted in the chart.) Furthermore,it goes without saying that 原因二 (may give rise to this social trend.)

版本二：
There are two fundamental factors contributing to this social tendency.To begin with ,the primary factor lies in 原因一.Moreover, (原因二 may give rise to this social trend.)That is explain why sth.

經濟增長

• Owing to the steady and rapid economic growth development of our country, people's living standards are improving at a fast rate.

社會壓力

• In modern society where competition is intense, young people are under enormous strain from their work and family.

就業困難

• With the unemployment rate running high in most large cities, job security is becoming less and less guaranteed.

人生哲理

• Happiness does not lie in the mere possession of money,it lie in achievements, friends and family(the joy of achievements).

積極向上

• In modern society where opportunities abound,everybody have his or her own ambition, most of us are willing to strive towards our realization.

技術普及

• Invented less than one hundred years ago, mobile phones are used everywhere, greatly affecting every aspect of our daily life.
• Never in history was science and technology so emphasized as in modern society.

人口膨脹

• China has a vast population and enormous growth rate.However,fast increasing population has potentially negative results,such as intense competition.

教育好處

• It is common to say that higher education plays a key role in aiding students' growth and development, opening up a great number of job opportunities for people.Education is indeed a worthwhile investment.

愛國情緒

• enjoy our lives and have a love heart for our country.In the sth market, we tend to support national brands.
• Chinese sth are relatively low in price and high in quality.

第三段

框架：先說趨勢。如果是好，發揚光大，如果是差，解決問題，如果是中性的，正負方面。最后再展望一下。

正

• With regard to this social phenomenon, I firmly believe it is inspiring and positive. More and more people can study online. As this trend is still in its infancy, I am sure that it will no doubt go further and lead to future prospects.

負

To my knowledge, the social phenomenon is unfavorable. It is high time that the government should take some measures to change it. For example, sth. I realize it needs to be slowed down since it has already posed a negative impact on our society.

中

措施類

• It is high time that sth should offer sth sth .

考場上靈活一些，擺列組合一下，主語都換一下，化抽象為具體

考試熱點

主要是教育文化和社會熱點

教育文化

詞匯表

• 終身教育：lifelong learning
• 素質教育：quailty-oriented education
• 應試教育：exam-oriented education
• 理論知識：theoretical knowledge
• 實踐技能：practical skills
• 學習成績：acadamic performance/scores
• 就業指導：career guidance

例題

The line chart provides some interesting data regarding the proportion of students who know Beijing Opera in a certain Amercian university between 1950s to 2010s. The ratio of such students rose gently from about 3% during the 1950s to nearly 9% during the 1980s ,while the percentage jumped noticeably to around 80% during the 2010s.

There are two fundamental factors contributing to this social tendency.To with begin ,during the past four decades ,Internet use everywhere, greatly affecting every aspect in our daily life.As a result, an increasing number of Amercian students can learn Beijing Opera through the Internet. In addition,owing to the steady and rapid economic growth development of our countries ,people's living standard is imporving at a fast rate.Therefore,more and more Chinese students have studied abroad and brought Chinese culture to other countries,such as Beijing Opera .

With regard to this social tendency ,I firmly believe it is inspairing and positive.It is high time that government should promote our national culture .As this trend is still in its infancy,I am sure that it will no doubt go further and lead to future prospect.

社會熱點

翻譯（15分）

目標

1. 翻譯出來
2. 像人話

要點

• 必須所有的都翻譯成中文，包括人名，打引號的單詞
• 書和其他各種作評翻譯的時候： <<名字>>

A of B

• A of B
• A表示數量順着翻譯 比如：a number of students 一些學生
• A不表示數量倒着翻譯 比如：the number of students 學生的人數
• A of B of C of D 同樣按照上述方法使用
• 一般來說長句都是從后往前翻譯 比如：D的C的B的A

定語從句

• A that/which B
• 比較短，放在前面，B 的 A
• 比較長，放在后面，A，B
• eg：Supporters of the "nature" theory insist that we are born with a certain capacity of learning that is biologically determined.
• 前置：“天性”理論支持者堅持認為，我們天生就有某種由生物因素決定的學習能力。
• 后置：前置：“天性”理論支持者堅持認為，我們天生就有某種的學習能力，這種能力由生物因素決定。
• 定語從句多，采用前后置並行的方法

一些詞意思

• these day: 最近/近來
• dot-com: 互聯網
• IT: 信息技術
• say: 除了說以外，還有比如的意思
• to be human: 是一個普通人
• come to: 逐漸，漸漸,慢慢
• contact: 有
• average: 也有普通的意思
• tens of thousands: 成千上萬
• area: 地區，領域
• I said it: 我當時這么說

新題型（10分）

考試內容：1.小標題選項 2.多項對應

小標題選項

• 就是46級段落匹配（你懂的）

多項對應

• 段落內的閱讀理解

完型（10分）

我不做也有3分，也挺好的,看見高頻詞，大概率選

• 高頻詞：Against/While/Because/since/available/likewise/but/however/in fact

閱讀（50分）

• 說白了就是考詞匯和長難句理解
• 中心主旨句時貫穿全文的，就是所有的段落它都能扯到，切不可以偏概全
• 問作者觀點時，這些選項全錯：Subjective/indifferent/Biased/uncertain
• 猜單詞的意思的時候，意思是不用通的，只要看是正面和負面的，然后通過上下文單詞相近的也可以（真的很神奇）
• 新題型就是送分的，10分一定要拿下