NetCore3.1 使用 mongoDb 存儲日志，提升查詢效率

十年河東，十年河西，莫欺少年窮

學無止境，精益求精

工欲善其事必先利其器，要想使用mongodb，就必須先安裝MongoDb服務，關於MongoDb的安裝網上有很多教程，我使用的是MongoDb 4.2.1 ，據說4.2版本是最穩定的版本。

關於安裝，請參考：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/136763521 或者自行百度。百度是的時候，記得加上版本4.2哦。

安裝配置過程中，.在瀏覽器中輸入網址：http://localhost:27017/ 。如果服務啟動成功會看到以下一段話：
It looks like you are trying to access MongoDB over HTTP on the native driver port.

這樣就說明你的MongoDB安裝配置成功了。關於mongoDb的可視化工具，大家可選擇：Robomongo，可自行百度下載 ：CSDN下載：https://download.csdn.net/detail/u012238360/12328517。

有了MongoDB服務端以后，我們就可以通過CMD命令來創建數據庫，數據表，插入數據，查詢數據了。

關於MongoDb的簡單使用，

可參考微軟教程：https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/aspnet/core/tutorials/first-mongo-app?view=aspnetcore-3.1&tabs=visual-studio

根據微軟教程，我整理的相關命令如下：

mongod --dbpath D:\MongoData\data\db
--新開啟
mongo
--轉換到表
use LogstoreDb
--創建表
db.createCollection('LogsForDg')
--插入
db.LogsForDg.insertMany([{'methodNo':'cloud-180','data':'{}','CreateTime':'2020-02-02'}])
--查詢
db.LogsForDg.find({}).pretty()
--VS2019工具
--安裝包
Install-Package MongoDB.Driver -Version 2.11.0
--創建實體

    public class LogsForDgModel
    {
        [BsonId]
        [BsonRepresentation(BsonType.ObjectId)]
        public string Id { get; set; }

        [BsonElement("methodNo")]
        public string methodNo { get; set; }

        public string data { get; set; }

        public string CreateTime { get; set; }
    }

    public class LogstoreDatabaseSettings : ILogstoreDatabaseSettings
    {
        public string LogsCollectionName { get; set; }
        public string ConnectionString { get; set; }
        public string DatabaseName { get; set; }
    }

    public interface ILogstoreDatabaseSettings
    {
        public string LogsCollectionName { get; set; }
        public string ConnectionString { get; set; }
        public string DatabaseName { get; set; }
    }

配置文件如下：

{
  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Information",
      "Microsoft": "Warning",
      "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"
    }
  },
  "AllowedHosts": "*",
  "ConnectionStrings": {
    "WuAnDBContext": ";User ID=sa;"
  },
  "LogstoreDatabaseSettings": {
    "LogsCollectionName": "LogsForDg",
    "ConnectionString": "mongodb://localhost:27017",
    "DatabaseName": "LogstoreDb"
  }

}

MongoDb的操作類如下：

using IotDtos.MongodbDtos;
using MongoDB.Driver;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace IotApi.Helper.mongo
{
    public class LogService
    {
        private readonly IMongoCollection<LogsForDgModel> _books;

        public LogService(ILogstoreDatabaseSettings settings)
        {
            var client = new MongoClient(settings.ConnectionString);
            var database = client.GetDatabase(settings.DatabaseName);

            _books = database.GetCollection<LogsForDgModel>(settings.LogsCollectionName);
        }

        public List<LogsForDgModel> Get() =>
            _books.Find(book => true).ToList();

        public LogsForDgModel Get(string id) =>
            _books.Find<LogsForDgModel>(book => book.Id == id).FirstOrDefault();

        public LogsForDgModel Create(LogsForDgModel book)
        {
            _books.InsertOne(book);
            return book;
        }

        public void Update(string id, LogsForDgModel bookIn) =>
            _books.ReplaceOne(book => book.Id == id, bookIn);

        public void Remove(LogsForDgModel bookIn) =>
            _books.DeleteOne(book => book.Id == bookIn.Id);

        public void Remove(string id) =>
            _books.DeleteOne(book => book.Id == id);
    }
}

啟動類如下：

 

 啟動類完整代碼：

 public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddControllers();
            //MongoDb 選項模式
            services.Configure<LogstoreDatabaseSettings>(
                Configuration.GetSection(nameof(LogstoreDatabaseSettings)));

            services.AddSingleton<ILogstoreDatabaseSettings>(sp =>
                sp.GetRequiredService<IOptions<LogstoreDatabaseSettings>>().Value);

            #region 注冊JWT
            services.AddAuthentication(x =>
            {
                x.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                x.DefaultChallengeScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
            }).AddJwtBearer(x =>
            {
                x.RequireHttpsMetadata = false;
                x.SaveToken = true;
                x.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
                {
                    ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
                    IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(TokenManagement.Secret)),
                    ValidIssuer = TokenManagement.Issuer,
                    ValidAudience = TokenManagement.Audience,
                    ValidateIssuer = false,
                    ValidateAudience = false
                };
            });
            #endregion

            #region 注冊Swagger服務
            // 注冊Swagger服務
            services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
            {
                // 添加文檔信息
                c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new OpenApiInfo { Title = "IOT相關接口", Version = "V1" });
                //c.SwaggerDoc("demo", new OpenApiInfo { Title = "示例接口", Version = "demo" });
                c.DocInclusionPredicate((docName, apiDesc) => apiDesc.GroupName == docName.ToUpper());
                var basePath = Path.GetDirectoryName(typeof(Program).Assembly.Location);//獲取應用程序所在目錄（絕對，不受工作目錄影響，建議采用此方法獲取路徑）
                var xmlPath = Path.Combine(basePath, "IotApi.xml");
                c.IncludeXmlComments(xmlPath);
                #region Jwt
                //開啟權限小鎖
                c.OperationFilter<AddResponseHeadersFilter>();
                c.OperationFilter<AppendAuthorizeToSummaryOperationFilter>();

                //在header中添加token，傳遞到后台
                c.OperationFilter<SecurityRequirementsOperationFilter>();
                c.AddSecurityDefinition("oauth2", new OpenApiSecurityScheme
                {
                    Description = "JWT授權(數據將在請求頭中進行傳遞)直接在下面框中輸入Bearer {token}(注意兩者之間是一個空格) \"",
                    Name = "Authorization",//jwt默認的參數名稱
                    In = ParameterLocation.Header,//jwt默認存放Authorization信息的位置(請求頭中)
                    Type = SecuritySchemeType.ApiKey
                });


                #endregion
            });
            #endregion

            #region 注冊SQLSERVER
            services.AddDbContext<WuAnDBTestContext>(options =>
                 options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("WuAnDBContext")));
            #endregion

            #region 注冊自定義服務
            services.AddScoped<IIotMns, IotMnsService>();
            //MongoDb 日志服務類
            services.AddSingleton<LogService>(); //MongoDb 日志服務類
            #endregion
        }

結合微軟教程 及我的代碼，即可迅速完成MongoDB的學習。

@博客園好牛逼