1.先在mysql數據庫添加數據
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `dept`;
CREATE TABLE `dept` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`pid` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`date` datetime(0) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of dept
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES (1, 0, '總部門', '2020-04-16 15:00:54');
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES (2, 1, '課程部', '2020-04-16 15:00:57');
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES (3, 1, '愛好部', '2020-04-16 15:01:01');
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES (4, 1, '小吃部', '2020-04-16 15:01:03');
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES (5, 2, '語文', '2020-04-15 15:01:07');
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES (6, 3, '羽毛球', '2020-04-15 15:01:14');
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES (7, 4, '臭豆腐', '2020-04-15 15:01:18');
INSERT INTO `dept` VALUES (8, 4, '鴨脖', '2020-07-11 11:21:29');
根據父級Id遞歸查詢所有子節點（查詢父級Id為0 並且分類為0的所有子節點）
WITH RECURSIVE cte AS
(
SELECT a.id, a.pid,a.name FROM dept a WHERE a.id='1'
UNION ALL
SELECT k.id, k.pid,k.name FROM dept k INNER JOIN cte c ON c.id = k.pid
)SELECT id,name,pid FROM cte
根據子節點查詢所有父親節點（查詢子節點Id為8的所有父節點）
WITH RECURSIVE cte AS
(
SELECT a.id, a.pid,a.name FROM dept a WHERE a.id='8'
UNION ALL
SELECT k.id, k.pid,k.name FROM dept k INNER JOIN cte c ON c.pid = k.id
)SELECT id,name,pid FROM cte
二.sqlserver 的查詢語句寫法（去掉RECURSIVE即可 當然得在sqlserver數據庫中添加數據 並執行語句）
WITH cte AS
(
SELECT a.id, a.pid,a.name FROM dept a WHERE a.id='4'
UNION ALL
SELECT k.id, k.pid,k.name FROM dept k INNER JOIN cte c ON c.id = k.pid
)SELECT id,name,pid FROM cte
原文參考：https://www.cnblogs.com/liuxiaoji/p/11152094.html