RabbitAdmin 和 RabbitTemplate 的使用

RabbitAdmin

該類封裝了對 RabbitMQ 的管理操作

@Bean
public RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory){
    return new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory);
}

@Autowired
private RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin;

Exchange 操作

//創建四種類型的 Exchange，均為持久化，不自動刪除
rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new DirectExchange("direct.exchange",true,false));
rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new TopicExchange("topic.exchange",true,false));
rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new FanoutExchange("fanout.exchange",true,false));
rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new HeadersExchange("header.exchange",true,false));
//刪除 Exchange
rabbitAdmin.deleteExchange("header.exchange");

Queue 操作

//定義隊列，均為持久化
rabbitAdmin.declareQueue(new Queue("debug",true));
rabbitAdmin.declareQueue(new Queue("info",true));
rabbitAdmin.declareQueue(new Queue("error",true));
//刪除隊列      rabbitAdmin.deleteQueue("debug");
//將隊列中的消息全消費掉
rabbitAdmin.purgeQueue("info",false);

Binding 綁定

//綁定隊列到交換器，通過路由鍵
rabbitAdmin.declareBinding(new Binding("debug",Binding.DestinationType.QUEUE,
        "direct.exchange","key.1",new HashMap()));

rabbitAdmin.declareBinding(new Binding("info",Binding.DestinationType.QUEUE,
        "direct.exchange","key.2",new HashMap()));

rabbitAdmin.declareBinding(new Binding("error",Binding.DestinationType.QUEUE,
        "direct.exchange","key.3",new HashMap()));

//進行解綁
rabbitAdmin.removeBinding(BindingBuilder.bind(new Queue("info")).
        to(new TopicExchange("direct.exchange")).with("key.2"));

//使用BindingBuilder進行綁定
rabbitAdmin.declareBinding(BindingBuilder.bind(new Queue("info")).
        to(new TopicExchange("topic.exchange")).with("key.#"));

//聲明topic類型的exchange
rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new TopicExchange("exchange1",true,false));
rabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new TopicExchange("exchange2",true,false));

//exchange與exchange綁定
rabbitAdmin.declareBinding(new Binding("exchange1",Binding.DestinationType.EXCHANGE,
        "exchange2","key.4",new HashMap()));

RabbitTemplate

Spring AMQP 提供了 RabbitTemplate 來簡化 RabbitMQ 發送和接收消息操作

@Autowired
private RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin;

RabbitTemplate 初始化

設置 RabbitTemplate 的默認交換器、默認路由鍵、默認隊列

發送消息

send （自定義消息 Message）

Message message = new Message("hello".getBytes(),new MessageProperties());
// 發送消息到默認的交換器，默認的路由鍵
rabbitTemplate.send(message);
// 發送消息到指定的交換器，指定的路由鍵
rabbitTemplate.send("direct.exchange","key.1",message);
// 發送消息到指定的交換器，指定的路由鍵
rabbitTemplate.send("direct.exchange","key.1",message,new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString()));
convertAndSend（自動 Java 對象包裝成 Message 對象，Java 對象需要實現 Serializable 序列化接口）
User user = new User("linyuan");
// 發送消息到默認的交換器，默認的路由鍵
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(user);
// 發送消息到指定的交換器，指定的路由鍵，設置消息 ID
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("direct.exchange","key.1",user,new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString()));
// 發送消息到指定的交換器，指定的路由鍵，在消息轉換完成后，通過 MessagePostProcessor 來添加屬性
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("direct.exchange","key.1",user,mes -> {
    mes.getMessageProperties().setDeliveryMode(MessageDeliveryMode.NON_PERSISTENT);
        return mes;
});

接收消息

receive（返回 Message 對象）

// 接收來自指定隊列的消息，並設置超時時間
Message msg = rabbitTemplate.receive("debug",2000l);
receiveAndConvert（將返回 Message 轉換成 Java 對象）

User user = (User) rabbitTemplate.receiveAndConvert();

轉載自鏈接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/e647758a7c50