• Transient Setup
– This workshop discusses basic setup details of 2D Magnetic Transient solver
–本研討會討論2D電磁瞬態求解器的基本設置細節
– The transient setup is described with two different excitation methods
–用兩種不同的激勵方法描述了瞬態設置
Example 1: Transient With Sources
– This example shows setup of 2D Transient solver with time varying excitation applied through datasets and equation.
– Final assigned excitation is evaluated based on combined output of both methods
–此示例顯示了2D瞬態求解器的設置，其中通過數據集和方程式應用了隨時間變化的激勵。
–基於兩種方法的組合輸出評估最終分配的激勵
【Step01 建立設計文檔】
• Create Design
– Select the menu item Project Insert Maxwell 2D Design, – Change the name of the Design to BE_Trans_Sources
• Set the Solution Type:
– Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Solution Type
– Solution Type Window:
1. Geometry Mode: Cylindrical about Z
2. Choose Magnetic > Transient
3. Click the OK button
【Step02：Create Model 建立模型】
• Create Core
– Select the menu item Draw Rectangle
1. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the position of rectangle
– X: 0, Y: 0, Z: 0, Press the Enter key
2. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the opposite corner
– dX: 2, dY: 0, dZ: 20, Press the Enter key
– Change the name of resulting sheet to Core and color to green
– Change the material of the sheet to Ferrite
• Create Coil
– Select the menu item Draw Rectangle
1. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the position of rectangle
– X: 0, Y: 0, Z: 1, Press the Enter key
2. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the opposite corner
– dX: 5, dY: 0, dZ: 18, Press the Enter key
– Change the name of resulting sheet to Coil and color to Yellow
– Change the material of the sheet to Copper
• Subtract Sheets
– Press Ctrl and select the sheets Core and Coil
– Select the menu item Modeler Boolean Subtract
• Blank Part: Coil
• Tool Part: Core
• Clone tool objects before subtracting: checked
• Create Simulation Region
– Select the menu item Draw Region
– In Region window,
1. Pad all directions similarly: Checked
2. Padding Type: Percentage Offset
3. Value: 500
4. Press OK
【Step03 Assign Excitation 創建激勵】
Note: The excitation for this problem will be a voltage source with a 1KHz triangular wave superimposed on a 50 Hz sine wave that has a 50 volt DC offset. Triangular wave will be specified through a design dataset.
注意：此問題的激發將是一個電壓源，該電壓源具有一個1KHz三角波，該三角波疊加在具有50伏DC偏移的50 Hz正弦波上。 將通過設計數據集指定三角波。
• Specify Dataset
– Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Design Datasets
– In Datasets window, select Add
– In Add Dataset window,
• Name: DSet_A
• Coordinates:
1. X1 = 0 Y1 = 0
2. X2 = 250e-6 Y2 = 1
3. X3 = 750e-6 Y3 = -1
4. X4 = 1e-3 Y4 = 0
• Select OK and Done
• Add Winding
– Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Excitations Add Winding
– In Winding window,
1. Name: Winding_A
2. Type: Voltage
3. Stranded: Checked
4. Initial Current: 0 A
5. Resistance: 25 ohm
6. Inductance: 0 H
7. Voltage: 50 + 25*sin(2*PI*50*Time) + 5*pwl_periodic(DSet_A, Time)
8. Press OK
Note: The expression specified for Voltage has three different components
1. The first term is a 50 V DC offset
2. The second term is a 25 Vp-p, 50 Hz sine wave
3. The third term is a 5 Vp-p, 1 KHz triangular wave
Final applied voltage will be combined output of all three components
注意：為電壓指定的表達式具有三個不同的成分
第一項是50 V DC偏移
2.第二項是25 Vp-p，50 Hz正弦波
3.第三項是5 Vp-p，1 KHz三角波
最終施加的電壓將是所有三個組件的組合輸出
• Create Coil
– Select the object Coil from history tree
– Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Excitations Assign Coil
• Name: Coil
• Number of Conductors: 150
• Polarity: Positive (into the screen)
• Add Coil to Winding
– Expand the Project Manager tree to view Excitations
– Right click on the tab Winding_A and select Add Coils
– In Add Terminals window,
• Select Coil
• Press OK
【Step04 Assign Boundary創建邊界】
• Assign Balloon Boundary
– Select the object Region from history tree
– Select the menu item Edit Select All Object Edges
– Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Boundaries Assign Balloon
– In Balloon Boundary window,
• Press OK
Note: On symmetry axis, "Balloon Boundary" assignment is automatically skipped, This can also be achieved by selecting the edges of region which are not on symmetry axis
注意：在對稱軸上，將自動跳過"氣球邊界"分配，這也可以通過選擇不在對稱軸上的區域的邊緣來實現
【Step05 Assign Mesh Operations 分配網格操作】
Note: A transient solver does not use the adaptive meshing technique. Thus manual mesh specifications are required to refine the mesh in important regions to achieve accuracy of results.
注意：瞬態求解器不使用自適應網格划分技術。 因此，需要手動的網格規范來完善重要區域中的網格以實現結果的准確性。
• Assign Mesh Operation for Core
– Select the object Core from history tree
– Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Mesh Operations Assign Inside
Selection Length Based
– In Element Length Based Refinement window,
• Name: Core_Inside
• Restrict Length Of Elements: Unchecked
• Restrict Number of Elements: Checked
• Maximum Number of Elements: 250
• Press OK
• Assign Mesh Operation for Coil
– Select the object Coil from history tree
– Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Mesh Operations Assign Inside
Selection Length Based
– In Element Length Based Refinement window,
• Name: Coil_Inside
• Restrict Length Of Elements: Unchecked
• Restrict Number of Elements: Checked
• Maximum Number of Elements: 100
• Press OK
【Step06 Analyze 分析】
• Create Analysis Setup
– Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Analysis Setup Add Solution Setup
– In Solve Setup window,
• General tab
– Stop Time: 20 ms
– Time Step: 100 us
• Save Fields Tab
– Type: Linear Count
– Start: 0 sec
– Stop: 20 ms
– Step Size: 2 ms
– Click on: Add to List
• Press OK
• Run Solution
– Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Analyze All
【Step07 繪制電壓電流波形】
• Create a Plot
– Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Results Create Transient Report
Rectangular plot
1. In Reports window, Category: Winding
2. Quantity: InputVoltage(Winding_A)
3. Select New Report
4. Change Quantity to Current(Winding_A)
5. Select Add Trace
6. Press Close
• Plot Flux Lines
– Be sure that the 2D Modeler window is in the active view window.
– Select the menu item View Set Solution Context
– In Set view Context window,
• Time: Set to 0.01 sec
• Press OK
– Select the menu Edit Select All
– Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Fields Fields A Flux_Lines
– In Create Field Plots window, Press Done
• Modify Plot
– Double click on the legend to modify its attributes
– In the window,
• Scale tab
– Num. Divisions: 56
• Press Apply and Close
Exampled 2: Transient With Circuits
– This example explains the setup of transient excitations through External Circuit method.
本示例說明了通過外部電路方法設置瞬態激勵的方法。
– The excitation circuit is setup using Maxwell Circuit Editor
使用Maxwell Circuit Editor設置激勵電路
– Maxwell excitation values are calculated based on the circuit model assigned through circuit editor
麥克斯韋勵磁值是根據通過電路編輯器分配的電路模型計算得出的
【Step01 創建設計】
• Copy Design
– Select the design "BE_Trans_Sources" from Project manager tree.
– Right click and select Copy
– Select the name of the project from Project Manager tree
– Right click on it and select Paste
– Rename the new design as "BE_Trans_Circuit"
• Modify Winding Setup
– Expand the Project Manager tree to view Excitations
– Double click on Winding_A under Excitations
– Change the Type to External
– Press OK
【Step02 Create External Circuit 創建外部電路】
• Launch Maxwell Circuit Editor
– Select the menu item Maxwell 2D Excitations External Circuit Edit
External Circuit
– In Edit External Circuit window,
• Select Edit Circuit
– Maxwell Circuit Editor will launch in separate window
In Maxwell Circuit Editor a Component is created by default corresponding to winding in Maxwell. The name of the winding is same as as used in Maxwell in Maxwell 3D > Excitations > Add Winding. If users add winding by themselves they should ensure these names match
在Maxwell Circuit Editor中，默認情況下會創建一個與Maxwell中的繞組相對應的組件。 繞組的名稱與Maxwell 3D>激勵>添加繞組中的Maxwell中使用的名稱相同。 如果用戶自己添加繞組，則應確保這些名稱匹配
• Add Source Components
– Change the tab in Project Manager window to Components
– In Project Manager window, expand the tree for Maxwell Circuit Elements >
Sources. Select the element Vsin from the tree, drag and drop it on the
worksheet.
– Press Esc to exit component insertion
– Double click on the component to modify its properties
1. Change the value of Va to 100 V
2. Change the value of VFreq to 50 Hz
– Similarly add another source Vsin
1. Change the value of Va to 10 V
2. Change the value of VFreq to 1000 Hz
• Add Other Components
– Similarly add Passive Elements > Res
1. Change the value of R to 25 ohm
– Add Probes > Voltmeter
• Build Circuit
– Select the menu item Draw Wire to draw wires
– Select the menu item Draw Ground to add ground
– Build the circuit as shown in image
【Step03 Transfer Circuit to the Maxwell 】
• Save File
– Select the menu item File Save
1. Save the file with the name WS5_BasicTransient_Circuit.amcp
• Export Circuit
– Select the menu item Maxwell Circuit Export Netlist
1. Save the file with the name WS5_BasicTransient_Circuit.sph
• Import circuit in Maxwell
– Return to Maxwell window
– In Edit External Circuit window,
1. Select Cancel
2. Select the tab Import Circuit
3. Browse to file WS5_BasicTransient_Circuit.sph
4. Select the file and press OK
【Step04 Analyze 分析 】
• Run Solution
– Solution setup is already copied from original design
– Select the menu item Maxwell 3D Analyze All
Note: When an external circuit is defined, the time step is controlled from the circuit simulator. The time step values are calculated based circuit transients and occurrences such as switching instances. Due to variable time steps resulting from circuit, Maxwell can miss the Save Fields points if defined in Solution Setup. Thus fields of the next time step occurring after the missed point will be saved.
Users can set the minimum time step size used for circuit simulator from
Maxwell 3D Excitations External Circuit Set Minimum Time Step
注意：定義了外部電路后，時間步長可通過電路模擬器控制。 該時間步長值是根據電路瞬變和發生情況（例如開關實例）來計算的。 由於電路產生的時間步長可變，如果在"解決方案設置"中定義，Maxwell可能會錯過"保存字段"點。 因此，將保存在錯過點之后發生的下一個時間步的字段。
用戶可以從以下位置設置用於電路模擬器的最小時間步長
Maxwell 3D Excitations External Circuit Set Minimum
【Step05：繪圖輸出】
• Plot the Voltage and Current
– Plots from previous design will still be there. But Voltage plot has no reference
since Input voltage is not applied but received from circuit
– Double click on the plot from Project manager tree
1. Change Category to NodeVoltage
2. Quantity: NodeVoltage
3. Select Apply Trace
– To View Results better, double click on Y Axis corresponding to NodeVoltage and
change its range to -150 to 150 V
• Plot Flux Lines
– Select the menu item View Set Solution Context
– In Set view Context window,
• Time: Set to 0.01 sec
• Press OK
– Flux Lines plot is copied with the design.
– Double click on the plot to view the results
