golang的命令行程序開發

今天需要用Golang寫一個簡單的命令行小工具，雖然標准庫的flag包也能實現，但是實現起來有些麻煩，而且對多級子命令更不支持，於是在網上找了這幾個spf13､cobra和urfave/cli等，我反正不需要太復雜的，對比了下感覺cli這個庫看上去要相對簡單一些，於是就用這個庫開發了。

git庫地址：urfave/cli

它有v1和v2版本，我用的是v2,文檔地址是

urfave/cli v2 doc

直接安裝

go get  github.com/urfave/cli/v2

代碼實例

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"os"
	"sort"
	"github.com/urfave/cli/v2"
)

func main() {

	app := &cli.App{
		Name:"ZC-Web-Deploy",
		Usage:"項目打包平台",
		Description:"項目打包平台,將打好的包上傳至存儲中心上面，運維人員作發布",
		Commands: []*cli.Command{
			{
				Name:    "project",
				Aliases: []string{"p"},
				Usage:   "deploy project",
				Subcommands:[]*cli.Command{
					{
						Name:    "init",
						Aliases: []string{"i"},
						Usage:   "init the project",
						Action:  func(c *cli.Context) error {
							project.InitProject()
							return nil
						},
					},
					{
						Name:    "build",
						Aliases: []string{"b"},
						Usage:   "build the project as tar to ftp",
						Action:  func(c *cli.Context) error {
							var (
								deployProject *common.DeployProject
							)
							deployProject = &common.DeployProject{
								Domain:c.String("domain"),
								Tag:c.String("tag"),
							}
							if deployProject.Domain == "" || deployProject.Tag == "" {
								fmt.Println("構建的項目域名或Tag不能為空")
								return nil
							}
							project.Deploy(deployProject)
							return nil
						},
						Flags: []cli.Flag{
							&cli.StringFlag{
								Name:  "domain, d",
								Value: "xxxx",
								Usage: "指定工程的域名",
								Required:true,
							},
							&cli.StringFlag{
								Name:  "tag, t",
								Value: "release-tag",
								Usage: "打包項目的git的tag發布版本號",
								Required:true,
							},
						},
					},
					{
						Name:    "list",
						Aliases: []string{"ls"},
						Usage:   "list the project",
						Action:  func(c *cli.Context) error {
							var (
								projectList []string
								p string
							)
							projectList = project.ListProject()
							if len(projectList) > 0 {
								for _, p = range projectList {
									fmt.Println(p)
								}
							} else {
								fmt.Println("暫無項目，可以初始化建立project init")
							}
							return nil
						},
					},
				},
				Action:  func(c *cli.Context) error {
					fmt.Println("請指定具體操作: init、ls、build或用 -h 查看命令")
					return nil
				},
			},
		},
	}

	sort.Sort(cli.FlagsByName(app.Flags))
	sort.Sort(cli.CommandsByName(app.Commands))

	err := app.Run(os.Args)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
}

輸入下面的命令，看到project支持的子命令都看到了

$ go run main.go project -h
NAME:
   ZC-Web-Deploy project - deploy project

USAGE:
   ZC-Web-Deploy project command [command options] [arguments...]

COMMANDS:
   init, i   init the project
   build, b  build the project as tar to ftp
   list, ls  list the project
   help, h   Shows a list of commands or help for one command

OPTIONS:
   --help, -h  show help (default: false)

子命令輸出

$ go run main.go project ls
xxx.com

總體來說，cli的使用還是不難的，填充 cli.App結構體自已需要的字段就行了，然后在Action執行自已的業務邏輯。