Debian10修改靜態IP地址

一、查看當前系統版本

root@node1:~# cat /etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME="Debian GNU/Linux 10 (buster)"
NAME="Debian GNU/Linux"
VERSION_ID="10"
VERSION="10 (buster)"
VERSION_CODENAME=buster
ID=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.debian.org/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://www.debian.org/support"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.debian.org/"

二、修改網卡配置

2.1、查看當前網卡設備名

root@node1:~# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:66:44:d2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.0.106/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33
       valid_lft 6873sec preferred_lft 6873sec
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe66:44d2/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: ens34: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:66:44:dc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.1.1.13/24 brd 10.1.1.255 scope global ens34
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe66:44dc/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default
    link/ether 02:42:55:7f:00:71 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

　可以看出，此時有兩個物理網卡，分別是ens33和ens34

2.2、修改網卡配置文件

2.2.1、查看網卡配置文件內容

root@node1:~# cat /etc/network/interfaces
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

2.2.2、追加網卡配置參數

網卡參數配置語法

auto ${網卡名}
iface ${網卡名} inet ${static}
address ${IP}
netmask ${netmask}
gateway ${gateway}

設置ens33網卡IP獲取方式為dhcp

auto ens33
iface ens33 inet dhcp

設置ens34網卡獲取IP方式為手動

auto ens34
iface ens34 inet static
address 10.1.1.13
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 10.1.1.2

保存退出

2.2.3、網卡參數配置完成

root@node1:~# cat /etc/network/interfaces
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
 
source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*
 
# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto ens33
iface ens33 inet dhcp
auto ens34
iface ens34 inet static
address 10.1.1.13
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 10.1.1.2

　重啟網絡服務即可

systemctl restart networking

　

root@node1:~# systemctl restart networking
root@node1:~# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:66:44:d2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.0.106/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33
       valid_lft 5005sec preferred_lft 5005sec
    inet 192.168.0.200/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global secondary ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe66:44d2/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: ens34: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:66:44:dc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.1.1.13/24 brd 10.1.1.255 scope global ens34
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe66:44dc/64 scope link tentative 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default 
    link/ether 02:42:55:7f:00:71 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
root@node1:~# vim /etc/network/interfaces