本人對post理解不深,前段時間遇到一個需要用c#代碼發送post請求上傳文件的業務,於是參考了幾篇帖子,加上自身實踐寫出了如下代碼。寫的比較low 望各位大大指正^_^。
業務需求:
對方給了一個接口,讓傳四個參數分別為“modelId、fileContent、updateTime、encrypt”
其中modelId、updateTime、encrypt 都是普通的字符串類型。fileContent則是二進制文件
我實在是不了解post的相關知識,平時只是普通的用法,沒有深層看過相關知識。
於是我用html頁面寫一個form表單提交,然后攔截一下查看了請求頭與請求體中的內容(這只是傳一個普通的文本文件所以fileConten中能顯示普通文本,如果是圖片之類的文件這里都是亂碼)。
這里面畫圈圈的都是我認為比較重要的地方。

看這些信息 我得出
請求頭中:
content-Type: multipart/form-data
boundary=ceshi(感覺應該是分隔符的意思,“ceshi”是我隨便寫的)
請求體中是按照一定格式拼的串,大致就是--ceshi **** --ceshi **** --ceshi **** --ceshi-- 這樣的格式。
因為最終是發送請求流,這些請求體中的內容都需要寫進請求流中,雖然有些事字符串這種文本類型的數據,但是文件本身是二進制的,所以我就把所有文本都變成了二進制,再加上文件本身,
然后按照這種格式的順序寫入請求流中,最后發送出去(如果不變成二進制,則只能進行文本類型的文件上傳,限制很多,並且容易損壞文件)。
代碼如下:
把C盤下的2.html文件發送了出去(圖片、pdf 等類型也是可用的,因為都是轉成了二進制)已經過測試
private void post1()
{
string url = @"http://*******";//這里就不暴露我們的地址啦
string modelId = "4f1e2e3d-6231-4b13-96a4-835e5af10394";
string updateTime = "2016-11-03 14:17:25";
string encrypt = "f933797503d6e2c36762428a280e0559";
string filePath = @"C:/2.html";
string fileName = "2.html";
byte[] fileContentByte = new byte[1024]; // 文件內容二進制
#region 將文件轉成二進制
FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
fileContentByte = new byte[fs.Length]; // 二進制文件
fs.Read(fileContentByte, 0, Convert.ToInt32(fs.Length));
fs.Close();
#endregion
#region 定義請求體中的內容 並轉成二進制
string boundary = "ceshi";
string Enter = "\r\n";
string modelIdStr = "--" + boundary + Enter
+ "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"modelId\"" + Enter + Enter
+ modelId + Enter;
string fileContentStr = "--" + boundary + Enter
+ "Content-Type:application/octet-stream" + Enter
+ "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"fileContent\"; filename=\"" + fileName + "\"" + Enter + Enter;
string updateTimeStr = Enter + "--" + boundary + Enter
+ "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"updateTime\"" + Enter + Enter
+ updateTime;
string encryptStr = Enter + "--" + boundary + Enter
+ "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"encrypt\"" + Enter + Enter
+ encrypt + Enter + "--" + boundary + "--";
var modelIdStrByte = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(modelIdStr);//modelId所有字符串二進制
var fileContentStrByte = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(fileContentStr);//fileContent一些名稱等信息的二進制(不包含文件本身)
var updateTimeStrByte = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(updateTimeStr);//updateTime所有字符串二進制
var encryptStrByte = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(encryptStr);//encrypt所有字符串二進制
#endregion
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "multipart/form-data;boundary=" + boundary;
Stream myRequestStream = request.GetRequestStream();//定義請求流
#region 將各個二進制 安順序寫入請求流 modelIdStr -> (fileContentStr + fileContent) -> uodateTimeStr -> encryptStr
myRequestStream.Write(modelIdStrByte, 0, modelIdStrByte.Length);
myRequestStream.Write(fileContentStrByte, 0, fileContentStrByte.Length);
myRequestStream.Write(fileContentByte, 0, fileContentByte.Length);
myRequestStream.Write(updateTimeStrByte, 0, updateTimeStrByte.Length);
myRequestStream.Write(encryptStrByte, 0, encryptStrByte.Length);
#endregion
HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();//發送
Stream myResponseStream = response.GetResponseStream();//獲取返回值
StreamReader myStreamReader = new StreamReader(myResponseStream, Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8"));
string retString = myStreamReader.ReadToEnd();
myStreamReader.Close();
myResponseStream.Close();
}
代碼測試過,已經使用了。這個是修改版,刪除了一些其他東西,僅是借鑒作用。
1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Collections.Specialized; 4 using System.Globalization; 5 using System.IO; 6 using System.Linq; 7 using System.Net; 8 using System.Text; 9 using System.Web; 10 11 /// <summary> 12 /// UploadFile 的摘要說明 13 /// </summary> 14 public class UploadFile 15 { 16 public UploadFile() 17 { 18 ContentType = "application/octet-stream"; 19 } 20 public string ContentType { get; set; } 21 22 23 public byte[] UploadFiles(string address, HttpFileCollection postedFiles,List<byte[]> lstBytes,NameValueCollection values) 24 { 25 var request = WebRequest.Create(address); 26 request.Method = "POST"; 27 var boundary = "---------------------------" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x", NumberFormatInfo.InvariantInfo); 28 request.ContentType = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary; 29 boundary = "--" + boundary; 30 31 using (var requestStream = request.GetRequestStream()) 32 { 33 // Write the values 34 foreach (string name in values.Keys) 35 { 36 var buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(boundary + Environment.NewLine); 37 requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 38 buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(string.Format("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"{1}{1}", name, Environment.NewLine)); 39 requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 40 buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(values[name] + Environment.NewLine); 41 requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 42 } 43 44 // Write the files 45 for (int i = 0; i < postedFiles.Count; i++) 46 { 47 HttpPostedFile file = postedFiles[i]; 48 49 var buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(boundary + Environment.NewLine); 50 requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 51 52 buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(string.Format("Content-Type: {0}{1}", ContentType, Environment.NewLine)); 53 requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 54 55 buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(string.Format("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"; filename=\"{1}\"{2}{2}", postedFiles.GetKey(i), postedFiles.GetKey(i).ToLower() + Path.GetExtension(file.FileName), Environment.NewLine)); 56 requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 57 58 //將bytes轉換為流,可以反復讀取,適用於同一個文件需要發送給多個接口的情況 59 if (lstBytes != null && lstBytes.Any() && lstBytes.Count == postedFiles.Count) 60 { 61 Stream newStream = new MemoryStream(lstBytes[i]); 62 newStream.CopyTo(requestStream); 63 } 64 else 65 { 66 file.InputStream.CopyTo(requestStream); 67 } 68 69 buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Environment.NewLine); 70 requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 71 } 72 73 var boundaryBuffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(boundary + "--"); 74 requestStream.Write(boundaryBuffer, 0, boundaryBuffer.Length); 75 } 76 77 using (var response = request.GetResponse()) 78 using (var responseStream = response.GetResponseStream()) 79 using (var stream = new MemoryStream()) 80 { 81 responseStream.CopyTo(stream); 82 return stream.ToArray(); 83 } 84 } 85 }
如有不足,請各位大大指正。
