本人对post理解不深,前段时间遇到一个需要用c#代码发送post请求上传文件的业务,于是参考了几篇帖子,加上自身实践写出了如下代码。写的比较low 望各位大大指正^_^。
业务需求:
对方给了一个接口,让传四个参数分别为“modelId、fileContent、updateTime、encrypt”
其中modelId、updateTime、encrypt 都是普通的字符串类型。fileContent则是二进制文件
我实在是不了解post的相关知识,平时只是普通的用法,没有深层看过相关知识。
于是我用html页面写一个form表单提交,然后拦截一下查看了请求头与请求体中的内容(这只是传一个普通的文本文件所以fileConten中能显示普通文本,如果是图片之类的文件这里都是乱码)。
这里面画圈圈的都是我认为比较重要的地方。
看这些信息 我得出
请求头中:
content-Type: multipart/form-data
boundary=ceshi(感觉应该是分隔符的意思,“ceshi”是我随便写的)
请求体中是按照一定格式拼的串,大致就是--ceshi **** --ceshi **** --ceshi **** --ceshi-- 这样的格式。
因为最终是发送请求流,这些请求体中的内容都需要写进请求流中,虽然有些事字符串这种文本类型的数据,但是文件本身是二进制的,所以我就把所有文本都变成了二进制,再加上文件本身,
然后按照这种格式的顺序写入请求流中,最后发送出去(如果不变成二进制,则只能进行文本类型的文件上传,限制很多,并且容易损坏文件)。
代码如下:
把C盘下的2.html文件发送了出去(图片、pdf 等类型也是可用的,因为都是转成了二进制)已经过测试
private void post1() { string url = @"http://*******";//这里就不暴露我们的地址啦 string modelId = "4f1e2e3d-6231-4b13-96a4-835e5af10394"; string updateTime = "2016-11-03 14:17:25"; string encrypt = "f933797503d6e2c36762428a280e0559"; string filePath = @"C:/2.html"; string fileName = "2.html"; byte[] fileContentByte = new byte[1024]; // 文件内容二进制 #region 将文件转成二进制 FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); fileContentByte = new byte[fs.Length]; // 二进制文件 fs.Read(fileContentByte, 0, Convert.ToInt32(fs.Length)); fs.Close(); #endregion #region 定义请求体中的内容 并转成二进制 string boundary = "ceshi"; string Enter = "\r\n"; string modelIdStr = "--" + boundary + Enter + "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"modelId\"" + Enter + Enter + modelId + Enter; string fileContentStr = "--" + boundary + Enter + "Content-Type:application/octet-stream" + Enter + "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"fileContent\"; filename=\"" + fileName + "\"" + Enter + Enter; string updateTimeStr = Enter + "--" + boundary + Enter + "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"updateTime\"" + Enter + Enter + updateTime; string encryptStr = Enter + "--" + boundary + Enter + "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"encrypt\"" + Enter + Enter + encrypt + Enter + "--" + boundary + "--"; var modelIdStrByte = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(modelIdStr);//modelId所有字符串二进制 var fileContentStrByte = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(fileContentStr);//fileContent一些名称等信息的二进制(不包含文件本身) var updateTimeStrByte = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(updateTimeStr);//updateTime所有字符串二进制 var encryptStrByte = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(encryptStr);//encrypt所有字符串二进制 #endregion HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); request.Method = "POST"; request.ContentType = "multipart/form-data;boundary=" + boundary; Stream myRequestStream = request.GetRequestStream();//定义请求流 #region 将各个二进制 安顺序写入请求流 modelIdStr -> (fileContentStr + fileContent) -> uodateTimeStr -> encryptStr myRequestStream.Write(modelIdStrByte, 0, modelIdStrByte.Length); myRequestStream.Write(fileContentStrByte, 0, fileContentStrByte.Length); myRequestStream.Write(fileContentByte, 0, fileContentByte.Length); myRequestStream.Write(updateTimeStrByte, 0, updateTimeStrByte.Length); myRequestStream.Write(encryptStrByte, 0, encryptStrByte.Length); #endregion HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();//发送 Stream myResponseStream = response.GetResponseStream();//获取返回值 StreamReader myStreamReader = new StreamReader(myResponseStream, Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8")); string retString = myStreamReader.ReadToEnd(); myStreamReader.Close(); myResponseStream.Close(); }
代码测试过,已经使用了。这个是修改版,删除了一些其他东西,仅是借鉴作用。
1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Collections.Specialized; 4 using System.Globalization; 5 using System.IO; 6 using System.Linq; 7 using System.Net; 8 using System.Text; 9 using System.Web; 10 11 /// <summary> 12 /// UploadFile 的摘要说明 13 /// </summary> 14 public class UploadFile 15 { 16 public UploadFile() 17 { 18 ContentType = "application/octet-stream"; 19 } 20 public string ContentType { get; set; } 21 22 23 public byte[] UploadFiles(string address, HttpFileCollection postedFiles,List<byte[]> lstBytes,NameValueCollection values) 24 { 25 var request = WebRequest.Create(address); 26 request.Method = "POST"; 27 var boundary = "---------------------------" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x", NumberFormatInfo.InvariantInfo); 28 request.ContentType = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary; 29 boundary = "--" + boundary; 30 31 using (var requestStream = request.GetRequestStream()) 32 { 33 // Write the values 34 foreach (string name in values.Keys) 35 { 36 var buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(boundary + Environment.NewLine); 37 requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 38 buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(string.Format("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"{1}{1}", name, Environment.NewLine)); 39 requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 40 buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(values[name] + Environment.NewLine); 41 requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 42 } 43 44 // Write the files 45 for (int i = 0; i < postedFiles.Count; i++) 46 { 47 HttpPostedFile file = postedFiles[i]; 48 49 var buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(boundary + Environment.NewLine); 50 requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 51 52 buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(string.Format("Content-Type: {0}{1}", ContentType, Environment.NewLine)); 53 requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 54 55 buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(string.Format("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"; filename=\"{1}\"{2}{2}", postedFiles.GetKey(i), postedFiles.GetKey(i).ToLower() + Path.GetExtension(file.FileName), Environment.NewLine)); 56 requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 57 58 //将bytes转换为流,可以反复读取,适用于同一个文件需要发送给多个接口的情况 59 if (lstBytes != null && lstBytes.Any() && lstBytes.Count == postedFiles.Count) 60 { 61 Stream newStream = new MemoryStream(lstBytes[i]); 62 newStream.CopyTo(requestStream); 63 } 64 else 65 { 66 file.InputStream.CopyTo(requestStream); 67 } 68 69 buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Environment.NewLine); 70 requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); 71 } 72 73 var boundaryBuffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(boundary + "--"); 74 requestStream.Write(boundaryBuffer, 0, boundaryBuffer.Length); 75 } 76 77 using (var response = request.GetResponse()) 78 using (var responseStream = response.GetResponseStream()) 79 using (var stream = new MemoryStream()) 80 { 81 responseStream.CopyTo(stream); 82 return stream.ToArray(); 83 } 84 } 85 }
如有不足,请各位大大指正。