import xlrd #導入模塊
from xlutils.copy import copy #導入copy模塊
#rb = xlrd.open_workbook('lll.xlsx') #打開weng.xls文件

file_path=r'D:\note202003春雷log4mail801my200330\aaa.xlsx'
file2path=r'D:\note202003春雷log4mail801my200330\aa1.xlsx'
read_file = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path,formatting_info=True)
rb = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path,formatting_info=True)

wb = copy(rb) #利用xlutils.copy下的copy函數復制
wb.save(file2path) #保存文件

import xlrd                           #導入模塊
from xlutils.copy import copy        #導入copy模塊
rb = xlrd.open_workbook('lll.xlsx')    #打開weng.xls文件
wb = copy(rb)                          #利用xlutils.copy下的copy函數復制
ws = wb.get_sheet(0)                   #獲取表單0
ws1 = wb.get_sheet(1)
wb.save('sss.xls')                    #保存文件

ws.write(0, 0, 'changed!') #改變（0,0）的值
ws.write(8,0,label = '好的') #增加（8,0）的值

一、需求分析：

　　統計的報表中需要每日查詢當天數據並追加到原有的excel后面。

　　因為原始excel格式已經設定好，如果使用xlwt，僅僅指定設定我們要插入的單元格的格式，原始數據的格式會被初始化。

所以如果能夠不改變原格式的前提下完成插入數據，將會省去較多的時間去調整excel格式。

　該隨筆實現的功能就是在不改變excel模板的格式下進行寫入數據。

二、環境

　　python3、windows

三、實現代碼

　　如果想要實現該功能需要用到python的兩個庫：xlrd和xlutils。

　　xlrd打開excel，但是打開的excel並不能直接寫入數據，需要用xlutils主要是復制一份出來，實現后續的寫入功能。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created on Fri Dec 29 10:29:35 2017 @author: Administrator """ import pandas as pd import pymysql import datetime
#使用前提導入以下兩個庫 import xlrd import xlutils.copy 
#用於SQL中限定時間 yestoday = datetime.date.today() - datetime.timedelta(days = 1) yestoday = yestoday.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") time_limit = str(yestoday) + ' 23:59:59' 
#指定原始excel路徑 filepath = 'C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\python腳本\\origin_excel.xls'

#使用pandas庫傳入該excel的數值僅僅是為了后續判斷插入數據時應插入行是哪行 original_data = pd.read_excel(filepath,encoding='utf-8') 
#rb打開該excel，formatting_info=True表示打開excel時並保存原有的格式 rb = xlrd.open_workbook(filepath,formatting_info=True)
#創建一個可寫入的副本 wb = xlutils.copy.copy(rb) 
#本文重點，該函數中定義：對於沒有任何修改的單元格，保持原有格式。 def setOutCell(outSheet, col, row, value): """ Change cell value without changing formatting. """ def _getOutCell(outSheet, colIndex, rowIndex): """ HACK: Extract the internal xlwt cell representation. """ row = outSheet._Worksheet__rows.get(rowIndex) if not row: return None cell = row._Row__cells.get(colIndex) return cell # HACK to retain cell style. previousCell = _getOutCell(outSheet, col, row) # END HACK, PART I  outSheet.write(row, col, value) # HACK, PART II if previousCell: newCell = _getOutCell(outSheet, col, row) if newCell: newCell.xf_idx = previousCell.xf_idx 
#定義一個執行SQL的函數，因為數據需要連接數據庫查詢 def execude_sql(sql): results = [] db = pymysql.connect('xx','xx','xx','xx',charset='utf8') cur = db.cursor() cur.execute(sql) result = cur.fetchone() results.append(result[0]) return results sql1_1 = """SELECT COUNT(id) FROM cl_user cu WHERE cu.regist_time <= '"""+ time_limit +"""' AND cu.id IN (SELECT id FROM v_13bmd_regist)""" sql1_2 = """xxx""" sql1_3 = """xxx""" 
#判斷需要寫入的行是哪一行 for row in range(0,len(original_data)): if original_data.iloc[row,0] == yestoday: print('當前需要修改的行為：' + row)print('正在查詢：注冊人數……') regist_white = execude_sql(sql1_1) regist_nature = execude_sql(sql1_2) regist_all = execude_sql(sql1_3) #寫入excel數據 outSheet = wb.get_sheet(0) setOutCell(outSheet,1,row,regist_white[0]) setOutCell(outSheet,2,row,regist_nature[0]) setOutCell(outSheet,3,row,regist_all[0])#保存excel wb.save('output.xls') print('finish')

四、參考來源

葡萄皮的數據空間：http://biotopiblog.sinaapp.com

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3723793/preserving-styles-using-pythons-xlrd-xlwt-and-xlutils-copy

https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3.7/installing/index.html

posted on 2017-12-29 17:10 A_DBA_F 閱讀(15915) 評論(0) 編輯收藏

https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3.7/installing/index.html

https://www.cnblogs.com/nebie/p/9995759.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/songdanqi0724/p/8145455.html

Python 操作Excel之通過xlutils實現在保留原格式的情況下追加寫入數據

在Python操作Excel 的模塊有 xlrd、xlwt、xlutils等。

xlrd：讀取Excel文件數據

xlwt：寫入Excel 數據，缺點是Excel格式無法復用，為了方便用戶，寫入的話，比較推薦xlutils模塊，它可以可復制原excel格式

#coding=utf-8 import xlrd,xlwt from xlutils.copy import copy #讀取文件 read_file = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path,formatting_info=True) #參數注釋： #file_path：文件路徑，包含文件的全名稱 #formatting_info=True：保留Excel的原格式 #將文件復制到內存 write_data = copy(read_file)
 #讀取復制后文件的sheet1 write_save = write_data.get_sheet(0)
 #寫入數據 write_save.write(x,y,value) #參數注釋： #x,y:寫入目標格的位置坐標 #value：寫入數據 #保存寫入數據后的文件到原文件路徑 write_data.save(self.file_path)

這里要注意的是: xlrd模塊0.8版本后不支持以xlsx為后綴名文件，所以使用這個方法的時候，excel要用xls格式的，不然會導致保存的文件無法打開

python xlwt寫excel格式控制顏色、模式、編碼、背景色

關於寫excel的格式控制，比如顏色等等

 1 import xlwt
 2 from datetime import datetime
 3   
 4 font0 = xlwt.Font()
 5 font0.name = 'Times New Roman'
 6 font0.colour_index = 2
 7 font0.bold = True
 8   
 9 style0 = xlwt.XFStyle()
10 style0.font = font0
11   
12 style1 = xlwt.XFStyle()
13 style1.num_format_str = 'D-MMM-YY'
14   
15 wb = xlwt.Workbook()
16 ws = wb.add_sheet('A Test Sheet')
17   
18 ws.write(0, 0, 'Test', style0)
19 ws.write(1, 0, datetime.now(), style1)
20 ws.write(2, 0, 1)
21 ws.write(2, 1, 1)
22 ws.write(2, 2, xlwt.Formula("A3+B3"))
23   
24 wb.save('example.xls')

Examples Generating Excel Documents Using Python’s xlwt

Here are some simple examples using Python’s xlwt library to dynamically generate Excel documents.

Please note a useful alternative may be ezodf, which allows you to generate ODS (Open Document Spreadsheet) files for LibreOffice / OpenOffice. You can check them out at:http://packages.python.org/ezodf/index.html

The Simplest Example
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = 'ascii') worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Worksheet') worksheet.write(0, 0, label = 'Row 0, Column 0 Value') workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

Formatting the Contents of a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = 'ascii') worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Worksheet') font = xlwt.Font() # Create the Font font.name = 'Times New Roman' font.bold = True font.underline = True font.italic = True style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create the Style style.font = font # Apply the Font to the Style worksheet.write(0, 0, label = 'Unformatted value') worksheet.write(1, 0, label = 'Formatted value', style) # Apply the Style to the Cell workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

Attributes of the Font Object
font.bold = True # May be: True, False font.italic = True # May be: True, False font.struck_out = True # May be: True, False font.underline = xlwt.Font.UNDERLINE_SINGLE # May be: UNDERLINE_NONE, UNDERLINE_SINGLE, UNDERLINE_SINGLE_ACC, UNDERLINE_DOUBLE, UNDERLINE_DOUBLE_ACC font.escapement = xlwt.Font.ESCAPEMENT_SUPERSCRIPT # May be: ESCAPEMENT_NONE, ESCAPEMENT_SUPERSCRIPT, ESCAPEMENT_SUBSCRIPT font.family = xlwt.Font.FAMILY_ROMAN # May be: FAMILY_NONE, FAMILY_ROMAN, FAMILY_SWISS, FAMILY_MODERN, FAMILY_SCRIPT, FAMILY_DECORATIVE font.charset = xlwt.Font.CHARSET_ANSI_LATIN # May be: CHARSET_ANSI_LATIN, CHARSET_SYS_DEFAULT, CHARSET_SYMBOL, CHARSET_APPLE_ROMAN, CHARSET_ANSI_JAP_SHIFT_JIS, CHARSET_ANSI_KOR_HANGUL, CHARSET_ANSI_KOR_JOHAB, CHARSET_ANSI_CHINESE_GBK, CHARSET_ANSI_CHINESE_BIG5, CHARSET_ANSI_GREEK, CHARSET_ANSI_TURKISH, CHARSET_ANSI_VIETNAMESE, CHARSET_ANSI_HEBREW, CHARSET_ANSI_ARABIC, CHARSET_ANSI_BALTIC, CHARSET_ANSI_CYRILLIC, CHARSET_ANSI_THAI, CHARSET_ANSI_LATIN_II, CHARSET_OEM_LATIN_I font.colour_index = ? font.get_biff_record = ? font.height = 0x00C8 # C8 in Hex (in decimal) = 10 points in height. font.name = ? font.outline = ? font.shadow = ?

Setting the Width of a Cell
import xltw workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') worksheet.write(0, 0, 'My Cell Contents') worksheet.col(0).width = 3333 # 3333 = 1" (one inch). workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

Entering a Date into a Cell
import xlwt import datetime workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') style = xlwt.XFStyle() style.num_format_str = 'M/D/YY' # Other options: D-MMM-YY, D-MMM, MMM-YY, h:mm, h:mm:ss, h:mm, h:mm:ss, M/D/YY h:mm, mm:ss, [h]:mm:ss, mm:ss.0 worksheet.write(0, 0, datetime.datetime.now(), style) workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

Adding a Formula to a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') worksheet.write(0, 0, 5) # Outputs 5 worksheet.write(0, 1, 2) # Outputs 2 worksheet.write(1, 0, xlwt.Formula('A1*B1')) # Should output "10" (A1[5] * A2[2]) worksheet.write(1, 1, xlwt.Formula('SUM(A1,B1)')) # Should output "7" (A1[5] + A2[2]) workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

Adding a Hyperlink to a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') worksheet.write(0, 0, xlwt.Formula('HYPERLINK("http://www.google.com";"Google")')) # Outputs the text "Google" linking to http://www.google.com workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

Merging Columns and Rows
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') worksheet.write_merge(0, 0, 0, 3, 'First Merge') # Merges row 0's columns 0 through 3. font = xlwt.Font() # Create Font font.bold = True # Set font to Bold style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style style.font = font # Add Bold Font to Style worksheet.write_merge(1, 2, 0, 3, 'Second Merge', style) # Merges row 1 through 2's columns 0 through 3. workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

Setting the Alignment for the Contents of a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') alignment = xlwt.Alignment() # Create Alignment alignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER # May be: HORZ_GENERAL, HORZ_LEFT, HORZ_CENTER, HORZ_RIGHT, HORZ_FILLED, HORZ_JUSTIFIED, HORZ_CENTER_ACROSS_SEL, HORZ_DISTRIBUTED alignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_CENTER # May be: VERT_TOP, VERT_CENTER, VERT_BOTTOM, VERT_JUSTIFIED, VERT_DISTRIBUTED style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style style.alignment = alignment # Add Alignment to Style worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style) workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

Adding Borders to a Cell
# Please note: While I was able to find these constants within the source code, on my system (using LibreOffice,) I was only presented with a solid line, varying from thin to thick; no dotted or dashed lines. import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') borders = xlwt.Borders() # Create Borders borders.left = xlwt.Borders.DASHED # May be: NO_LINE, THIN, MEDIUM, DASHED, DOTTED, THICK, DOUBLE, HAIR, MEDIUM_DASHED, THIN_DASH_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, THIN_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, SLANTED_MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, or 0x00 through 0x0D. borders.right = xlwt.Borders.DASHED borders.top = xlwt.Borders.DASHED borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.DASHED borders.left_colour = 0x40 borders.right_colour = 0x40 borders.top_colour = 0x40 borders.bottom_colour = 0x40 style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style style.borders = borders # Add Borders to Style worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style) workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

Setting the Background Color of a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') pattern = xlwt.Pattern() # Create the Pattern pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN # May be: NO_PATTERN, SOLID_PATTERN, or 0x00 through 0x12 pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 5 # May be: 8 through 63. 0 = Black, 1 = White, 2 = Red, 3 = Green, 4 = Blue, 5 = Yellow, 6 = Magenta, 7 = Cyan, 16 = Maroon, 17 = Dark Green, 18 = Dark Blue, 19 = Dark Yellow , almost brown), 20 = Dark Magenta, 21 = Teal, 22 = Light Gray, 23 = Dark Gray, the list goes on... style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create the Pattern style.pattern = pattern # Add Pattern to Style worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style) workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

TODO: Things Left to Document
- Panes -- separate views which are always in view - Border Colors (documented above, but not taking effect as it should) - Border Widths (document above, but not working as expected) - Protection - Row Styles - Zoom / Manification - WS Props? Source Code for reference available at: https://secure.simplistix.co.uk/svn/xlwt/trunk/xlwt/

http://www.youlikeprogramming.com/2011/04/examples-generating-excel-documents-using-pythons-xlwt/

標簽: python excel

xls3-1-字典python在保留原excel格式的前提下插入/修改數據

python xlwt寫excel格式控制顏色、模式、編碼、背景色

Examples Generating Excel Documents Using Python’s xlwt

免責聲明！

xls3-1-字典python在保留原excel格式的前提下插入/修改數據

python xlwt寫excel格式控制 顏色、模式、編碼、背景色

Examples Generating Excel Documents Using Python’s xlwt

免責聲明！

python xlwt寫excel格式控制顏色、模式、編碼、背景色