import xlrd #导入模块
from xlutils.copy import copy #导入copy模块
#rb = xlrd.open_workbook('lll.xlsx') #打开weng.xls文件

file_path=r'D:\note202003春雷log4mail801my200330\aaa.xlsx'
file2path=r'D:\note202003春雷log4mail801my200330\aa1.xlsx'
read_file = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path,formatting_info=True)
rb = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path,formatting_info=True)

wb = copy(rb) #利用xlutils.copy下的copy函数复制
wb.save(file2path) #保存文件

import xlrd                           #导入模块
from xlutils.copy import copy        #导入copy模块
rb = xlrd.open_workbook('lll.xlsx')    #打开weng.xls文件
wb = copy(rb)                          #利用xlutils.copy下的copy函数复制
ws = wb.get_sheet(0)                   #获取表单0
ws1 = wb.get_sheet(1)
wb.save('sss.xls')                    #保存文件

ws.write(0, 0, 'changed!') #改变（0,0）的值
ws.write(8,0,label = '好的') #增加（8,0）的值

一、需求分析：

　　统计的报表中需要每日查询当天数据并追加到原有的excel后面。

　　因为原始excel格式已经设定好，如果使用xlwt，仅仅指定设定我们要插入的单元格的格式，原始数据的格式会被初始化。

所以如果能够不改变原格式的前提下完成插入数据，将会省去较多的时间去调整excel格式。

　该随笔实现的功能就是在不改变excel模板的格式下进行写入数据。

二、环境

　　python3、windows

三、实现代码

　　如果想要实现该功能需要用到python的两个库：xlrd和xlutils。

　　xlrd打开excel，但是打开的excel并不能直接写入数据，需要用xlutils主要是复制一份出来，实现后续的写入功能。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created on Fri Dec 29 10:29:35 2017 @author: Administrator """ import pandas as pd import pymysql import datetime
#使用前提导入以下两个库 import xlrd import xlutils.copy 
#用于SQL中限定时间 yestoday = datetime.date.today() - datetime.timedelta(days = 1) yestoday = yestoday.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") time_limit = str(yestoday) + ' 23:59:59' 
#指定原始excel路径 filepath = 'C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\python脚本\\origin_excel.xls'

#使用pandas库传入该excel的数值仅仅是为了后续判断插入数据时应插入行是哪行 original_data = pd.read_excel(filepath,encoding='utf-8') 
#rb打开该excel，formatting_info=True表示打开excel时并保存原有的格式 rb = xlrd.open_workbook(filepath,formatting_info=True)
#创建一个可写入的副本 wb = xlutils.copy.copy(rb) 
#本文重点，该函数中定义：对于没有任何修改的单元格，保持原有格式。 def setOutCell(outSheet, col, row, value): """ Change cell value without changing formatting. """ def _getOutCell(outSheet, colIndex, rowIndex): """ HACK: Extract the internal xlwt cell representation. """ row = outSheet._Worksheet__rows.get(rowIndex) if not row: return None cell = row._Row__cells.get(colIndex) return cell # HACK to retain cell style. previousCell = _getOutCell(outSheet, col, row) # END HACK, PART I  outSheet.write(row, col, value) # HACK, PART II if previousCell: newCell = _getOutCell(outSheet, col, row) if newCell: newCell.xf_idx = previousCell.xf_idx 
#定义一个执行SQL的函数，因为数据需要连接数据库查询 def execude_sql(sql): results = [] db = pymysql.connect('xx','xx','xx','xx',charset='utf8') cur = db.cursor() cur.execute(sql) result = cur.fetchone() results.append(result[0]) return results sql1_1 = """SELECT COUNT(id) FROM cl_user cu WHERE cu.regist_time <= '"""+ time_limit +"""' AND cu.id IN (SELECT id FROM v_13bmd_regist)""" sql1_2 = """xxx""" sql1_3 = """xxx""" 
#判断需要写入的行是哪一行 for row in range(0,len(original_data)): if original_data.iloc[row,0] == yestoday: print('当前需要修改的行为：' + row)print('正在查询：注册人数……') regist_white = execude_sql(sql1_1) regist_nature = execude_sql(sql1_2) regist_all = execude_sql(sql1_3) #写入excel数据 outSheet = wb.get_sheet(0) setOutCell(outSheet,1,row,regist_white[0]) setOutCell(outSheet,2,row,regist_nature[0]) setOutCell(outSheet,3,row,regist_all[0])#保存excel wb.save('output.xls') print('finish')

四、参考来源

葡萄皮的数据空间：http://biotopiblog.sinaapp.com

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3723793/preserving-styles-using-pythons-xlrd-xlwt-and-xlutils-copy

https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3.7/installing/index.html

posted on 2017-12-29 17:10 A_DBA_F 阅读(15915) 评论(0) 编辑收藏

https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3.7/installing/index.html

https://www.cnblogs.com/nebie/p/9995759.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/songdanqi0724/p/8145455.html

Python 操作Excel之通过xlutils实现在保留原格式的情况下追加写入数据

在Python操作Excel 的模块有 xlrd、xlwt、xlutils等。

xlrd：读取Excel文件数据

xlwt：写入Excel 数据，缺点是Excel格式无法复用，为了方便用户，写入的话，比较推荐xlutils模块，它可以可复制原excel格式

#coding=utf-8 import xlrd,xlwt from xlutils.copy import copy #读取文件 read_file = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path,formatting_info=True) #参数注释： #file_path：文件路径，包含文件的全名称 #formatting_info=True：保留Excel的原格式 #将文件复制到内存 write_data = copy(read_file)
 #读取复制后文件的sheet1 write_save = write_data.get_sheet(0)
 #写入数据 write_save.write(x,y,value) #参数注释： #x,y:写入目标格的位置坐标 #value：写入数据 #保存写入数据后的文件到原文件路径 write_data.save(self.file_path)

这里要注意的是: xlrd模块0.8版本后不支持以xlsx为后缀名文件，所以使用这个方法的时候，excel要用xls格式的，不然会导致保存的文件无法打开

python xlwt写excel格式控制颜色、模式、编码、背景色

关于写excel的格式控制，比如颜色等等

 1 import xlwt
 2 from datetime import datetime
 3   
 4 font0 = xlwt.Font()
 5 font0.name = 'Times New Roman'
 6 font0.colour_index = 2
 7 font0.bold = True
 8   
 9 style0 = xlwt.XFStyle()
10 style0.font = font0
11   
12 style1 = xlwt.XFStyle()
13 style1.num_format_str = 'D-MMM-YY'
14   
15 wb = xlwt.Workbook()
16 ws = wb.add_sheet('A Test Sheet')
17   
18 ws.write(0, 0, 'Test', style0)
19 ws.write(1, 0, datetime.now(), style1)
20 ws.write(2, 0, 1)
21 ws.write(2, 1, 1)
22 ws.write(2, 2, xlwt.Formula("A3+B3"))
23   
24 wb.save('example.xls')

Examples Generating Excel Documents Using Python’s xlwt

Here are some simple examples using Python’s xlwt library to dynamically generate Excel documents.

Please note a useful alternative may be ezodf, which allows you to generate ODS (Open Document Spreadsheet) files for LibreOffice / OpenOffice. You can check them out at:http://packages.python.org/ezodf/index.html

The Simplest Example
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = 'ascii') worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Worksheet') worksheet.write(0, 0, label = 'Row 0, Column 0 Value') workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

Formatting the Contents of a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding = 'ascii') worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Worksheet') font = xlwt.Font() # Create the Font font.name = 'Times New Roman' font.bold = True font.underline = True font.italic = True style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create the Style style.font = font # Apply the Font to the Style worksheet.write(0, 0, label = 'Unformatted value') worksheet.write(1, 0, label = 'Formatted value', style) # Apply the Style to the Cell workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

Attributes of the Font Object
font.bold = True # May be: True, False font.italic = True # May be: True, False font.struck_out = True # May be: True, False font.underline = xlwt.Font.UNDERLINE_SINGLE # May be: UNDERLINE_NONE, UNDERLINE_SINGLE, UNDERLINE_SINGLE_ACC, UNDERLINE_DOUBLE, UNDERLINE_DOUBLE_ACC font.escapement = xlwt.Font.ESCAPEMENT_SUPERSCRIPT # May be: ESCAPEMENT_NONE, ESCAPEMENT_SUPERSCRIPT, ESCAPEMENT_SUBSCRIPT font.family = xlwt.Font.FAMILY_ROMAN # May be: FAMILY_NONE, FAMILY_ROMAN, FAMILY_SWISS, FAMILY_MODERN, FAMILY_SCRIPT, FAMILY_DECORATIVE font.charset = xlwt.Font.CHARSET_ANSI_LATIN # May be: CHARSET_ANSI_LATIN, CHARSET_SYS_DEFAULT, CHARSET_SYMBOL, CHARSET_APPLE_ROMAN, CHARSET_ANSI_JAP_SHIFT_JIS, CHARSET_ANSI_KOR_HANGUL, CHARSET_ANSI_KOR_JOHAB, CHARSET_ANSI_CHINESE_GBK, CHARSET_ANSI_CHINESE_BIG5, CHARSET_ANSI_GREEK, CHARSET_ANSI_TURKISH, CHARSET_ANSI_VIETNAMESE, CHARSET_ANSI_HEBREW, CHARSET_ANSI_ARABIC, CHARSET_ANSI_BALTIC, CHARSET_ANSI_CYRILLIC, CHARSET_ANSI_THAI, CHARSET_ANSI_LATIN_II, CHARSET_OEM_LATIN_I font.colour_index = ? font.get_biff_record = ? font.height = 0x00C8 # C8 in Hex (in decimal) = 10 points in height. font.name = ? font.outline = ? font.shadow = ?

Setting the Width of a Cell
import xltw workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') worksheet.write(0, 0, 'My Cell Contents') worksheet.col(0).width = 3333 # 3333 = 1" (one inch). workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

Entering a Date into a Cell
import xlwt import datetime workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') style = xlwt.XFStyle() style.num_format_str = 'M/D/YY' # Other options: D-MMM-YY, D-MMM, MMM-YY, h:mm, h:mm:ss, h:mm, h:mm:ss, M/D/YY h:mm, mm:ss, [h]:mm:ss, mm:ss.0 worksheet.write(0, 0, datetime.datetime.now(), style) workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

Adding a Formula to a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') worksheet.write(0, 0, 5) # Outputs 5 worksheet.write(0, 1, 2) # Outputs 2 worksheet.write(1, 0, xlwt.Formula('A1*B1')) # Should output "10" (A1[5] * A2[2]) worksheet.write(1, 1, xlwt.Formula('SUM(A1,B1)')) # Should output "7" (A1[5] + A2[2]) workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

Adding a Hyperlink to a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') worksheet.write(0, 0, xlwt.Formula('HYPERLINK("http://www.google.com";"Google")')) # Outputs the text "Google" linking to http://www.google.com workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

Merging Columns and Rows
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') worksheet.write_merge(0, 0, 0, 3, 'First Merge') # Merges row 0's columns 0 through 3. font = xlwt.Font() # Create Font font.bold = True # Set font to Bold style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style style.font = font # Add Bold Font to Style worksheet.write_merge(1, 2, 0, 3, 'Second Merge', style) # Merges row 1 through 2's columns 0 through 3. workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

Setting the Alignment for the Contents of a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') alignment = xlwt.Alignment() # Create Alignment alignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER # May be: HORZ_GENERAL, HORZ_LEFT, HORZ_CENTER, HORZ_RIGHT, HORZ_FILLED, HORZ_JUSTIFIED, HORZ_CENTER_ACROSS_SEL, HORZ_DISTRIBUTED alignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_CENTER # May be: VERT_TOP, VERT_CENTER, VERT_BOTTOM, VERT_JUSTIFIED, VERT_DISTRIBUTED style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style style.alignment = alignment # Add Alignment to Style worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style) workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

Adding Borders to a Cell
# Please note: While I was able to find these constants within the source code, on my system (using LibreOffice,) I was only presented with a solid line, varying from thin to thick; no dotted or dashed lines. import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') borders = xlwt.Borders() # Create Borders borders.left = xlwt.Borders.DASHED # May be: NO_LINE, THIN, MEDIUM, DASHED, DOTTED, THICK, DOUBLE, HAIR, MEDIUM_DASHED, THIN_DASH_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, THIN_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, MEDIUM_DASH_DOT_DOTTED, SLANTED_MEDIUM_DASH_DOTTED, or 0x00 through 0x0D. borders.right = xlwt.Borders.DASHED borders.top = xlwt.Borders.DASHED borders.bottom = xlwt.Borders.DASHED borders.left_colour = 0x40 borders.right_colour = 0x40 borders.top_colour = 0x40 borders.bottom_colour = 0x40 style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create Style style.borders = borders # Add Borders to Style worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style) workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

Setting the Background Color of a Cell
import xlwt workbook = xlwt.Workbook() worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('My Sheet') pattern = xlwt.Pattern() # Create the Pattern pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN # May be: NO_PATTERN, SOLID_PATTERN, or 0x00 through 0x12 pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 5 # May be: 8 through 63. 0 = Black, 1 = White, 2 = Red, 3 = Green, 4 = Blue, 5 = Yellow, 6 = Magenta, 7 = Cyan, 16 = Maroon, 17 = Dark Green, 18 = Dark Blue, 19 = Dark Yellow , almost brown), 20 = Dark Magenta, 21 = Teal, 22 = Light Gray, 23 = Dark Gray, the list goes on... style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create the Pattern style.pattern = pattern # Add Pattern to Style worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Cell Contents', style) workbook.save('Excel_Workbook.xls')

TODO: Things Left to Document
- Panes -- separate views which are always in view - Border Colors (documented above, but not taking effect as it should) - Border Widths (document above, but not working as expected) - Protection - Row Styles - Zoom / Manification - WS Props? Source Code for reference available at: https://secure.simplistix.co.uk/svn/xlwt/trunk/xlwt/

http://www.youlikeprogramming.com/2011/04/examples-generating-excel-documents-using-pythons-xlwt/

标签: python excel

xls3-1-字典python在保留原excel格式的前提下插入/修改数据

python xlwt写excel格式控制颜色、模式、编码、背景色

Examples Generating Excel Documents Using Python’s xlwt

免责声明！

xls3-1-字典python在保留原excel格式的前提下插入/修改数据

python xlwt写excel格式控制 颜色、模式、编码、背景色

Examples Generating Excel Documents Using Python’s xlwt

免责声明！

python xlwt写excel格式控制颜色、模式、编码、背景色