Swift 簡單工廠模式、工廠方法模式、抽象工廠模式解析

1. 簡單工廠模式

• 一個工廠類
• 內部用 switch case 創建不同對象

import UIKit

protocol Service {
    var url: URL { get }
}

// dev階段
class StagingService: Service {
    var url: URL { return URL(string: "https://dev.localhost/")! }
}

// product階段
class ProductionService: Service {
    var url: URL { return URL(string: "https://live.localhost/")! }
}

class EnvironmentFactory {
    enum Environment {
        case staging
        case production
    }
    
    func create(_ environment:Environment) -> Service{
        switch environment {
        case .staging:
            return StagingService()
        case .production:
            return ProductionService()
        }
    }
}

let env = EnvironmentFactory()
let serv = env.create(.production)
print(serv.url) //https://live.localhost/

 

2. 工廠方法模式

• 多個 (解耦的) 工廠類
• 每個工廠方法創建一個實例

import UIKit

protocol Service {
    var url: URL { get }
}

protocol ServiceFactory{
    func create() -> Service
}

// dev階段
class StagingService: Service {
    var url: URL { return URL(string: "https://dev.localhost/")! }
}

// product階段
class ProductionService: Service {
    var url: URL { return URL(string: "https://live.localhost/")! }
}

// dev 工廠類
class StagingServiceFactory: ServiceFactory{
    func create() -> Service {
        return StagingService()
    }
}

// production 工廠類
class ProductionServiceFactory: ServiceFactory{
    func create() -> Service {
        return ProductionService()
    }
}

let serv = ProductionServiceFactory().create()
print(serv.url)

3. 抽象工廠模式

• 通過工廠方法組合簡單工廠

import UIKit

// 服務協議
protocol ServiceFactory {
    // 創建一個服務
    func create() -> Service
}

protocol Service {
    var url: URL { get }
}

// dev階段
class StagingService: Service {
    var url: URL { return URL(string: "https://dev.localhost/")! }
}

class StagingServiceFactory: ServiceFactory {
    // dev工廠就是創建一個dev的服務
    func create() -> Service {
        return StagingService()
    }
}

// product階段
class ProductionService: Service {
    var url: URL { return URL(string: "https://live.localhost/")! }
}

class ProductionServiceFactory: ServiceFactory {
    // product工廠就是創建一個product的服務
    func create() -> Service {
        return ProductionService()
    }
}

// 抽象工廠
class AppServiceFactory: ServiceFactory {

    enum Environment {
        case production
        case staging
    }
    
    var env: Environment

    init(env: Environment) {
        self.env = env
    }

    func create() -> Service {
        switch self.env {
        case .production:
            return ProductionServiceFactory().create()
        case .staging:
            return StagingServiceFactory().create()
        }
    }
}

let factory = AppServiceFactory(env: .production)
let service = factory.create()
print(service.url)