DRF 多對多序列化和反序列化

一、 序列化

• 查詢所有的學生的信息，包括任課老師

  • models.py

    from django.db import models

     

    # 學生類
    class Student(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    
        # 老師類
    class Teacher(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
        students = models.ManyToManyField(to='Student',related_name='teacher')

     

  • serializer.py

     

    from rest_framework import serializers
    from . import models

     

    # 老師序列化
    class TeacherSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        class Meta:
            model = models.Teacher
            fields = ('id','name')
    # 學生序列化
    class StudentSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
            name = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
            teacher = TeacherSerializer(many=True,read_only=True)

     

  • views.py

     

    # 查詢所有的學生對應的老師

    studentobj = models.Student.objects.all()
    stu = StudentSerializer(studentobj,many=True)
    return Response(stu.data)

     

  • 結果

    [
        {
            "name": "小張",
            "teacher": [
                {
                "id": 3,
                "name": "王老師"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "小王",
            "teacher": [
            {
                "id": 4,
                "name": "付老師"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
        "name": "小趙",
        "teacher": []
        },
        {
        "name": "小琪",
        "teacher": []
        }
    ]

     

• 查詢所有的老師的信息，包括所教學生

  • models.py

     

    from django.db import models

     

     # 學生類 

    class Student(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)

     

     # 老師類

    class Teacher(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    students = models.ManyToManyField(to='Student',related_name='teacher')

     

  • serializer.py

     

    from rest_framework import serializers
    from . import models

     

     # 學生序列化 

    class StudentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        class Meta:
            model = models.Teacher
            fields = ('id','name')

     

     # 老師序列化

    class TeacherSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
        name = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
        students = StudentSerializer(many=True,read_only=True)

     

  • views.py

     

    teacherobj = models.Teacher.objects.all()
    teach = TeacherSerializer1(teacherobj,many=True)
    return Response(teach.data)

     

  • 結果

    [
        {
            "name": "王老師",
            "students": []
            },
            {
            "name": "劉老師",
            "students": []
            },
        {
            "name": "鄭老師",
            "students": [
                {
                    "id": 1,
                    "name": "小張"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "董老師",
            "students": [
                {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "小李"
                }
            ]
        }
    ]

     

二、反序列化

• 老師添加學生

  • models.py

     

    from django.db import models

     

     # 學生類 

    class Student(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=32)

     

     # 老師類

    class Teacher(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
        students = models.ManyToManyField(to='Student',related_name='teacher')

     

  • serializer.py

     

    # 反序列化

    class TeacherUnserializer(serializers.Serializer):
        id = serializers.IntegerField()
        student_id = serializers.ListField()
    
        def create(self,data):
            tid = data.pop('id')
            student_id = data.pop('student_id')
            teacherobj = models.Teacher.objects.filter(id=tid).first()
            teacherobj.students.set(
                student_id
            )
            return teacherobj

     

  • views.py

     

    data = {
        "id":2,
        "student_id":[1,2,3,4]
    }
    obj = TeacherUnserializer(data=data)
    if obj.is_valid():
        obj.save()
    print(obj.errors)
    return Response('ok')

     

• 學生添加老師

  • models.py

     

    from django.db import models

     

     # 學生類 

    class Student(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=32)

     

     # 老師類

    class Teacher(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
        students = models.ManyToManyField(to='Student',related_name='teacher')

     

  • serializer.py

     

    # 反序列化

    class StudentUnserializer(serializers.Serializer):
        id = serializers.IntegerField()
        teacher_id = serializers.ListField()
    
        def create(self,data):
            id = data.pop('id')
            teacher_id = data.pop('teacher_id')
            studentobj = models.Student.objects.filter(id=id).first()
            studentobj.teacher.set(
                teacher_id
            )
            return studentobj

     

  • views.py

     

    data = {
        "id": 2,
        "teacher_id": [1, 2, 3, 4]
    }
    obj = StudentUnserializer(data=data)
    if obj.is_valid():
        obj.save()
    print(obj.errors)
    return Response('ok')