用 Python 實現植物大戰僵屍代碼！

前言

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作者： marble_xu

GitHub地址：https://github.com/marblexu/PythonPlantsVsZombies

PS：如有需要Python學習資料的小伙伴可以加點擊下方鏈接自行獲取

http://note.youdao.com/noteshare?id=3054cce4add8a909e784ad934f956cef

功能介紹

最近一直在給這個植物大戰僵屍游戲添加新的植物和僵屍, 因為網上的圖片資源有限，能加的植物和僵屍比較少， 目前進展如下。

功能實現如下：

• 支持的植物類型：太陽花，豌豆射手，寒冰射手，堅果，櫻桃炸彈。新增加植物：雙重豌豆射手，三重豌豆射手，食人花 ，小噴菇，土豆地雷，倭瓜。

• 支持的僵屍類型：普通僵屍，棋子僵屍，路障僵屍，鐵桶僵屍。新增加讀報僵屍。

• 使用json文件保存關卡信息，設置僵屍出現的時間和位置。

• 增加每關開始時選擇上場植物。

• 增加除草機。

下面是游戲的截圖：

植物卡片選擇和種植

如圖所示，游戲中可以種植物的方格一共有45個（有5行，每行9列）。

這篇文章要介紹的是：

• 上方植物卡片欄的實現。

• 點擊植物卡片，鼠標切換為植物圖片。

• 鼠標移動時，判斷當前在哪個方格中，並顯示半透明的植物作為提示。

代碼實現

所有的植物卡片的名稱和屬性都保存在單獨的list中，每個list index都對應一種植物。

比如list index 0 就是太陽花：

• card_name_list[0] 是太陽花卡片的名字，用來獲取太陽花卡片的圖片。

• plant_name_list[0] 是太陽花的名字，用來獲取太陽花卡片的圖片。

• plant_sun_list[0] 是種植太陽花需要花費的太陽點數。

• plant_frozen_time_list[0] 是太陽花的冷卻時間。

植物卡片類

每個植物卡片是一個單獨的Card類，用來顯示這個植物。

• checkMouseClick函數：判斷鼠標是否點擊到這個卡片；

• canClick：判斷這個卡片是否能種植（有沒有足夠的點數，是否還在冷卻時間內）；

• update 函數：通過設置圖片的透明度來表示這個卡片是否能選擇。

卡片欄類

MenuBar類顯示圖3中的植物卡片欄：

• self.sun_value：當前采集的太陽點數；

• self.card_list: 植物卡片的list；

• setupCards函數：遍歷初始化init函數中傳入這個關卡選好的植物卡片list，依次創建Card類，設置每個卡片的顯示位置；

• checkCardClick函數：檢查鼠標是否點擊了卡片欄上的某個植物卡片，如果選擇了一個可種植的卡片，返回結果。

代碼：

import pygame as pg
from .. import tool
from .. import constants as c
​
PANEL_Y_START = 87
PANEL_X_START = 22
PANEL_Y_INTERNAL = 74
PANEL_X_INTERNAL = 53
CARD_LIST_NUM = 8
​
card_name_list = [c.CARD_SUNFLOWER, c.CARD_PEASHOOTER, c.CARD_SNOWPEASHOOTER, c.CARD_WALLNUT,
                  c.CARD_CHERRYBOMB, c.CARD_THREEPEASHOOTER, c.CARD_REPEATERPEA, c.CARD_CHOMPER,
                  c.CARD_PUFFSHROOM, c.CARD_POTATOMINE, c.CARD_SQUASH, c.CARD_SPIKEWEED,
                  c.CARD_JALAPENO, c.CARD_SCAREDYSHROOM, c.CARD_SUNSHROOM, c.CARD_ICESHROOM]
plant_name_list = [c.SUNFLOWER, c.PEASHOOTER, c.SNOWPEASHOOTER, c.WALLNUT,
                   c.CHERRYBOMB, c.THREEPEASHOOTER, c.REPEATERPEA, c.CHOMPER,
                   c.PUFFSHROOM, c.POTATOMINE, c.SQUASH, c.SPIKEWEED,
                   c.JALAPENO, c.SCAREDYSHROOM, c.SUNSHROOM, c.ICESHROOM]
plant_sun_list = [50, 100, 175, 50, 150, 325, 200, 150, 0, 25, 50, 100, 125, 25, 25, 75]
plant_frozen_time_list = [7500, 7500, 7500, 30000, 50000, 7500, 7500, 7500, 7500, 30000,
                          30000, 7500, 50000, 7500, 7500, 50000]
all_card_list = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]
​
def getSunValueImage(sun_value):
    font = pg.font.SysFont(None, 22)
    width = 32
    msg_image = font.render(str(sun_value), True, c.NAVYBLUE, c.LIGHTYELLOW)
    msg_rect = msg_image.get_rect()
    msg_w = msg_rect.width
​
    image = pg.Surface([width, 17])
    x = width - msg_w
​
    image.fill(c.LIGHTYELLOW)
    image.blit(msg_image, (x, 0), (0, 0, msg_rect.w, msg_rect.h))
    image.set_colorkey(c.BLACK)
    return image
​
class Card():
    def __init__(self, x, y, name_index, scale=0.78):
        self.loadFrame(card_name_list[name_index], scale)
        self.rect = self.orig_image.get_rect()
        self.rect.x = x
        self.rect.y = y
        
        self.name_index = name_index
        self.sun_cost = plant_sun_list[name_index]
        self.frozen_time = plant_frozen_time_list[name_index]
        self.frozen_timer = -self.frozen_time
        self.refresh_timer = 0
        self.select = True
​
    def loadFrame(self, name, scale):
        frame = tool.GFX[name]
        rect = frame.get_rect()
        width, height = rect.w, rect.h
​
        self.orig_image = tool.get_image(frame, 0, 0, width, height, c.BLACK, scale)
        self.image = self.orig_image
​
    def checkMouseClick(self, mouse_pos):
        x, y = mouse_pos
        if(x >= self.rect.x and x <= self.rect.right and
           y >= self.rect.y and y <= self.rect.bottom):
            return True
        return False
​
    def canClick(self, sun_value, current_time):
        if self.sun_cost <= sun_value and (current_time - self.frozen_timer) > self.frozen_time:
            return True
        return False
​
    def canSelect(self):
        return self.select
​
    def setSelect(self, can_select):
        self.select = can_select
        if can_select:
            self.image.set_alpha(255)
        else:
            self.image.set_alpha(128)
​
    def setFrozenTime(self, current_time):
        self.frozen_timer = current_time
​
    def createShowImage(self, sun_value, current_time):
        '''create a card image to show cool down status
           or disable status when have not enough sun value'''
        time = current_time - self.frozen_timer
        if time < self.frozen_time: #cool down status
            image = pg.Surface([self.rect.w, self.rect.h])
            frozen_image = self.orig_image.copy()
            frozen_image.set_alpha(128)
            frozen_height = (self.frozen_time - time)/self.frozen_time * self.rect.h
            
            image.blit(frozen_image, (0,0), (0, 0, self.rect.w, frozen_height))
            image.blit(self.orig_image, (0,frozen_height),
                       (0, frozen_height, self.rect.w, self.rect.h - frozen_height))
        elif self.sun_cost > sun_value: #disable status
            image = self.orig_image.copy()
            image.set_alpha(192)
        else:
            image = self.orig_image
        return image
​
    def update(self, sun_value, current_time):
        if (current_time - self.refresh_timer) >= 250:
            self.image = self.createShowImage(sun_value, current_time)
            self.refresh_timer = current_time
​
    def draw(self, surface):
        surface.blit(self.image, self.rect)
​
class MenuBar():
    def __init__(self, card_list, sun_value):
        self.loadFrame(c.MENUBAR_BACKGROUND)
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.x = 10
        self.rect.y = 0
        
        self.sun_value = sun_value
        self.card_offset_x = 32
        self.setupCards(card_list)
​
    def loadFrame(self, name):
        frame = tool.GFX[name]
        rect = frame.get_rect()
        frame_rect = (rect.x, rect.y, rect.w, rect.h)
​
        self.image = tool.get_image(tool.GFX[name], *frame_rect, c.WHITE, 1)
​
    def update(self, current_time):
        self.current_time = current_time
        for card in self.card_list:
            card.update(self.sun_value, self.current_time)
​
    def createImage(self, x, y, num):
        if num == 1:
            return
        img = self.image
        rect = self.image.get_rect()
        width = rect.w
        height = rect.h
        self.image = pg.Surface((width * num, height)).convert()
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.x = x
        self.rect.y = y
        for i in range(num):
            x = i * width
            self.image.blit(img, (x,0))
        self.image.set_colorkey(c.BLACK)
    
    def setupCards(self, card_list):
        self.card_list = []
        x = self.card_offset_x
        y = 8
        for index in card_list:
            x += 55
            self.card_list.append(Card(x, y, index))
​
    def checkCardClick(self, mouse_pos):
        result = None
        for card in self.card_list:
            if card.checkMouseClick(mouse_pos):
                if card.canClick(self.sun_value, self.current_time):
                    result = (plant_name_list[card.name_index], card.sun_cost)
                break
        return result
    
    def checkMenuBarClick(self, mouse_pos):
        x, y = mouse_pos
        if(x >= self.rect.x and x <= self.rect.right and
           y >= self.rect.y and y <= self.rect.bottom):
            return True
        return False
​
    def decreaseSunValue(self, value):
        self.sun_value -= value
​
    def increaseSunValue(self, value):
        self.sun_value += value
​
    def setCardFrozenTime(self, plant_name):
        for card in self.card_list:
            if plant_name_list[card.name_index] == plant_name:
                card.setFrozenTime(self.current_time)
                break
​
    def drawSunValue(self):
        self.value_image = getSunValueImage(self.sun_value)
        self.value_rect = self.value_image.get_rect()
        self.value_rect.x = 21
        self.value_rect.y = self.rect.bottom - 21
        
        self.image.blit(self.value_image, self.value_rect)
​
    def draw(self, surface):
        self.drawSunValue()
        surface.blit(self.image, self.rect)
        for card in self.card_list:
            card.draw(surface)
​
class Panel():
    def __init__(self, card_list, sun_value):
        self.loadImages(sun_value)
        self.selected_cards = []
        self.selected_num = 0
        self.setupCards(card_list)
​
    def loadFrame(self, name):
        frame = tool.GFX[name]
        rect = frame.get_rect()
        frame_rect = (rect.x, rect.y, rect.w, rect.h)
​
        return tool.get_image(tool.GFX[name], *frame_rect, c.WHITE, 1)
​
    def loadImages(self, sun_value):
        self.menu_image = self.loadFrame(c.MENUBAR_BACKGROUND)
        self.menu_rect = self.menu_image.get_rect()
        self.menu_rect.x = 0
        self.menu_rect.y = 0
​
        self.panel_image = self.loadFrame(c.PANEL_BACKGROUND)
        self.panel_rect = self.panel_image.get_rect()
        self.panel_rect.x = 0
        self.panel_rect.y = PANEL_Y_START
​
        
        self.value_image = getSunValueImage(sun_value)
        self.value_rect = self.value_image.get_rect()
        self.value_rect.x = 21
        self.value_rect.y = self.menu_rect.bottom - 21
​
        self.button_image =  self.loadFrame(c.START_BUTTON)
        self.button_rect = self.button_image.get_rect()
        self.button_rect.x = 155
        self.button_rect.y = 547
​
    def setupCards(self, card_list):
        self.card_list = []
        x = PANEL_X_START - PANEL_X_INTERNAL
        y = PANEL_Y_START + 43 - PANEL_Y_INTERNAL
        for i, index in enumerate(card_list):
            if i % 8 == 0:
                x = PANEL_X_START - PANEL_X_INTERNAL
                y += PANEL_Y_INTERNAL
            x += PANEL_X_INTERNAL
            self.card_list.append(Card(x, y, index, 0.75))
​
    def checkCardClick(self, mouse_pos):
        delete_card = None
        for card in self.selected_cards:
            if delete_card: # when delete a card, move right cards to left
                card.rect.x -= 55
            elif card.checkMouseClick(mouse_pos):
                self.deleteCard(card.name_index)
                delete_card = card
​
        if delete_card:
            self.selected_cards.remove(delete_card)
            self.selected_num -= 1
​
        if self.selected_num == CARD_LIST_NUM:
            return
​
        for card in self.card_list:
            if card.checkMouseClick(mouse_pos):
                if card.canSelect():
                    self.addCard(card)
                break
​
    def addCard(self, card):
        card.setSelect(False)
        y = 8
        x = 78 + self.selected_num * 55
        self.selected_cards.append(Card(x, y, card.name_index))
        self.selected_num += 1
​
    def deleteCard(self, index):
        self.card_list[index].setSelect(True)
​
    def checkStartButtonClick(self, mouse_pos):
        if self.selected_num < CARD_LIST_NUM:
            return False
​
        x, y = mouse_pos
        if (x >= self.button_rect.x and x <= self.button_rect.right and
            y >= self.button_rect.y and y <= self.button_rect.bottom):
           return True
        return False
​
    def getSelectedCards(self):
        card_index_list = []
        for card in self.selected_cards:
            card_index_list.append(card.name_index)
        return card_index_list
​
    def draw(self, surface):
        self.menu_image.blit(self.value_image, self.value_rect)
        surface.blit(self.menu_image, self.menu_rect)
        surface.blit(self.panel_image, self.panel_rect)
        for card in self.card_list:
            card.draw(surface)
        for card in self.selected_cards:
            card.draw(surface)
​
        if self.selected_num == CARD_LIST_NUM:
            surface.blit(self.button_image, self.button_rect)

 

鼠標圖片切換

setupMouseImage 函數實現鼠標圖片切換為選中的植物：

• self.mouse_image ：根據 plant_name 獲取選中的植物圖片；

• self.mouse_rect：選中植物圖片的位置，在drawMouseShow函數中，需要將植物圖片的位置設置成當前鼠標的位置；

• pg.mouse.set_visible(False)：隱藏默認的鼠標顯示，這樣效果就是鼠標圖片切換為選中的植物了。

   def setupMouseImage(self, plant_name, plant_cost):
        frame_list = tool.GFX[plant_name]
        if plant_name in tool.PLANT_RECT:
            data = tool.PLANT_RECT[plant_name]
            x, y, width, height = data['x'], data['y'], data['width'], data['height']
        else:
            x, y = 0, 0
            rect = frame_list[0].get_rect()
            width, height = rect.w, rect.h
​
​
        if plant_name == c.POTATOMINE or plant_name == c.SQUASH:
            color = c.WHITE
        else:
            color = c.BLACK
        self.mouse_image = tool.get_image(frame_list[0], x, y, width, height, color, 1)
        self.mouse_rect = self.mouse_image.get_rect()
        pg.mouse.set_visible(False)
        self.drag_plant = True
        self.plant_name = plant_name
        self.plant_cost = plant_cost
​
​
    def drawMouseShow(self, surface):
        if self.hint_plant:
            surface.blit(self.hint_image, self.hint_rect)
        x, y = pg.mouse.get_pos()
        self.mouse_rect.centerx = x
        self.mouse_rect.centery = y
        surface.blit(self.mouse_image, self.mouse_rect)

 

提示種在哪個方格中

先看下map類，代碼在source\component\map.py 中：

• self.map：二維list，用來保存每個方格的狀態。每個entry初始化為 0, 表示可以種植物，值為1時表示這個方格已經種了植物。

• getMapIndex 函數：傳入參數是游戲中的坐標位置（比如當前鼠標的位置），返回該位置在地圖的哪個方格中。

• getMapGridPos 函數：傳入一個方格的index，返回在該方格中種植物的坐標位置。

• showPlant 函數：根據傳入的坐標位置，判斷該位置所在的方格是否能種植物，如果能種，就返回返回在該方格中種植物的坐標位置。

MAP_EMPTY = 0
MAP_EXIST = 1
​
​
class Map():
    def __init__(self, width, height):
        self.width = width
        self.height = height
        self.map = [[0 for x in range(self.width)] for y in range(self.height)]
​
​
    def isValid(self, map_x, map_y):
        if (map_x < 0 or map_x >= self.width or
            map_y < 0 or map_y >= self.height):
            return False
        return True
​
    def isMovable(self, map_x, map_y):
        return (self.map[map_y][map_x] == c.MAP_EMPTY)
​
    def getMapIndex(self, x, y):
        x -= c.MAP_OFFSET_X
        y -= c.MAP_OFFSET_Y
        return (x // c.GRID_X_SIZE, y // c.GRID_Y_SIZE)
​
    def getMapGridPos(self, map_x, map_y):
        return (map_x * c.GRID_X_SIZE + c.GRID_X_SIZE//2 + c.MAP_OFFSET_X,
                map_y * c.GRID_Y_SIZE + c.GRID_Y_SIZE//5 * 3 + c.MAP_OFFSET_Y)
​
    def setMapGridType(self, map_x, map_y, type):
        self.map[map_y][map_x] = type
​
​
    def getRandomMapIndex(self):
        map_x = random.randint(0, self.width-1)
        map_y = random.randint(0, self.height-1)
        return (map_x, map_y)
​
​
    def showPlant(self, x, y):
        pos = None
        map_x, map_y = self.getMapIndex(x, y)
        if self.isValid(map_x, map_y) and self.isMovable(map_x, map_y):
            pos = self.getMapGridPos(map_x, map_y)
        return pos

 

代碼在source\state\level.py中：

• canSeedPlant 函數：判斷當前鼠標位置能否種植物；

• setupHintImage 函數：如果當前鼠標位置能種植物，且有選擇了一個植物卡片，則設置self.hint_image 顯示當前會在哪一個方格中種植物，self.hint_rect 是植物種的坐標位置。

    def canSeedPlant(self):
        x, y = pg.mouse.get_pos()
        return self.map.showPlant(x, y)
​
    def setupHintImage(self):
        pos = self.canSeedPlant()
        if pos and self.mouse_image:
            if (self.hint_image and pos[0] == self.hint_rect.x and
                pos[1] == self.hint_rect.y):
                return
            width, height = self.mouse_rect.w, self.mouse_rect.h
            image = pg.Surface([width, height])
            image.blit(self.mouse_image, (0, 0), (0, 0, width, height))
            image.set_colorkey(c.BLACK)
            image.set_alpha(128)
            self.hint_image = image
            self.hint_rect = image.get_rect()
            self.hint_rect.centerx = pos[0]
            self.hint_rect.bottom = pos[1]
            self.hint_plant = True
        else:
            self.hint_plant = False