自動化辦公：xlsxwriter操作Excel

轉載原鏈接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/d685cfaaeef7
1.安裝
pip install xlsxwriter

2.操作一個簡單的Excel文檔

# 引入依賴模塊
import xlsxwriter

# 數據准備
datas = (
    ['Rent', 1000],
    ['Gas',  100 ],
    ['Food', 300 ],
    ['Gym',  50  ]
)

# 創建一個Excel文檔
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('ex01.xlsx')
# 添加一個工作表
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()

# 設置行和列的偏移
row, col = 0, 0

# 開始添加數據
for item, cost in datas:
    # 指定行、列的單元格，添加數據
    worksheet.write(row, col, item)
    worksheet.write(row, col+1, cost)
    # 行增加
    row += 1

# 添加一個計算總數的函數
worksheet.write(row, 0, 'Total')
worksheet.write(row, 1, '=SUM(B1:B4)')

# 關閉文檔
workbook.close()

操作完成后，數據存儲結果如下：

3. 操作簡單Excel文檔並添加數據格式

# 導入依賴的模塊
import xlsxwriter

# 數據准備
datas = (
    ['Rent', 1000],
    ['Gas',  100 ],
    ['Food', 300 ],
    ['Gym',  50  ],
)

# 創建表格
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('ex02.xlsx')
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet('data')

# 添加全局格式
bold = workbook.add_format({'bold': True})
# 添加money格式
money = workbook.add_format({'num_format': '$#,##0'})

# 添加表格頭，附帶格式
worksheet.write('A1', 'Item', bold)
worksheet.write('B1', 'Cost', bold)

# 數據表格偏移
row, col = 1, 0
# 添加數據
for item, cost in datas:
    # 按照行列單元格添加數據
    worksheet.write(row, col, item)
    worksheet.write(row, col+1, cost)
    row += 1

# 添加一列求和計數
worksheet.write(row, 0, 'Total',        bold)
worksheet.write(row, 1, '=SUM(B2:B5)', money)

# 存儲退出
workbook.close()

操作效果如圖所示：

4.Excel中添加不同類型的數據
操作代碼如下：將不同的數據按照指定的格式添加到文件中

# 引入依賴的模塊
from datetime import datetime
import xlsxwriter

# 數據准備
datas = (
    ['Rent', '2018-05-13', 1000],
    ['Gas',  '2018-05-14',  100],
    ['Food', '2018-05-16',  300],
    ['Gym',  '2018-05-20',   50],
)

# 創建表格
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('ex03.xlsx')
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet('data')

# 添加格式
bold_f = workbook.add_format({'bold': True})
money_f = workbook.add_format({'num_format': '$#,##0'})
# 添加日期格式new
date_f = workbook.add_format({'num_format': 'mmmm d yyyy'})

# 添加對齊方式和表格寬度new
worksheet.set_column(1, 1, 15)

# 添加表頭數據
worksheet.write('A1', 'Item', bold_f)
worksheet.write('B1', 'Date', bold_f)
worksheet.write('C1', 'Cost', bold_f)

# 定義偏移值
row, col = 1, 0
# 添加數據
for item, date, cost in datas:
    date = datetime.strptime(date, '%Y-%m-%d')
    worksheet.write(row, col,                     item)
    worksheet.write_datetime(row, col+1, date,  date_f)
    worksheet.write(row, col+2, cost,          money_f)
    row += 1

# 添加計數
worksheet.write(row, 0, 'Total',        bold_f)
worksheet.write(row, 2, '=SUM(C2:C5)', money_f)

# 存儲並關閉
workbook.close()

代碼執行結果如下：

注意：xlsxwriter中提供了向excel中寫入數據的多種方式，如下：

write_string()
write_number()
write_blank()
write_formula()
write_datetime()
write_boolean()
write_url()

5.Excel中添加數據圖表
操作代碼如下：將對應的數據展示圖表添加到文件中

# 引入依賴模塊
import xlsxwriter

# 操作數據
data = [20, 45, 26, 18, 45]

# 創建表格
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook("ex04.xlsx")
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet("data")

# 添加數據：一次添加多個數據
worksheet.write_column('A1', data)

# 創建圖表
chart = workbook.add_chart({'type': 'line'})
# 圖表添加數據
chart.add_series({
    'values': '=data!$A1:$A6',
    'name': '圖表線名稱',
    'marker': {
        'type': 'circle',
        'size': 8,
        'border': {'color': 'black'},
        'fill': {'color': 'red'}
    },
    'data_labels': {'value': True},
    'trendline': {
        'type': 'polynomial',
        'order': 2,
        'name': '示例趨勢線',
        'forward': 0.5,
        'backward': 0.5,
        'display_equation': True,
        'line': {'color': 'red', 'width': 1, 'dash_type': 'long_dash'}
    }
})

worksheet.insert_chart('C1', chart)

workbook.close()

代碼執行結果如下圖所示：