[原創]在Windows平台使用msvc(cl.exe) + vscode編寫和調試C/C++代碼

1、在.vscode目錄下，新建以下幾個配置文件，當然也可以通過vscode命令自動生成，如果你已有這些文件直接修改即可。

 

c_cpp_properties.json（代碼提示）：

{
  "configurations": [
    {
      "name": "Win32",
      // 設置windows sdk版本
      "windowsSdkVersion": "10.0.18362.0",
      // 設置msvc編譯器路徑
      "compilerPath": "D:/ProgramData/Microsoft/VisualStudio/IDE/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.23.28105/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe",
      // 智能提示會從這里搜索頭文件
      "includePath": [
        "${workspaceFolder}/third_party/SDL2-2.0.10/include",
        "${workspaceFolder}/third_party/ffmpeg-4.2-win64/include"
      ],
      "defines": ["_DEBUG", "UNICODE", "_UNICODE"],
      // 使用msvc類型的智能提示
      "intelliSenseMode": "msvc-x64"
    }
  ],
  "version": 4
}

 

tasks.json（編譯）：

{
  "tasks": [
    {
      "type": "shell",
      // 標示名
      "label": "msvc build",
      // 要執行的命令，這里用了一個bat腳本來構建
      "command": "build.bat",
      // 命令參數
      "args": ["${fileBasename}", "build", "${fileBasenameNoExtension}"],
      "group": {
        "kind": "build",
        "isDefault": true
      },
      "presentation": {
        "echo": true,
        "reveal": "always",
        "focus": false,
        "panel": "shared",
        "showReuseMessage": true,
        "clear": false
      },
      "problemMatcher": "$msCompile"
    }
  ],
  "version": "2.0.0"
}

 

launch.json（調試）：

{
  // 使用 IntelliSense 了解相關屬性。
  // 懸停以查看現有屬性的描述。
  // 欲了解更多信息，請訪問: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
  "version": "0.2.0",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "name": "(msvc) Launch",
      "type": "cppvsdbg",
      "request": "launch",
      // 要調試的程序
      "program": "${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
      // 程序運行參數
      "args": ["../sample.mp4"],
      // 是否在入口自動斷點
      "stopAtEntry": false,
      // 工作目錄
      "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}\\build",
      "environment": [],
      "externalConsole": false,
      // 先編譯，再調試，對應tasks.json中的標示
      "preLaunchTask": "msvc build"
    }
  ]
}

 

settings.json（vscode終端配置）：

{
  // 要使用cmd終端，其他終端會有兼容問題
  "terminal.integrated.shell.windows": "C:/WINDOWS/System32/cmd.exe"
}

 

2、在根目錄下創建構建腳本，構建腳本主要是配置msvc環境，配置cl.exe的構建參數（頭文件、鏈接庫等）

 build.bat（構建腳本，可根據需要自行更改）：

@echo off

REM %1: target file with ext
REM %2: build path
REM %3: output file without ext

REM https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/building-on-the-command-line?view=vs-2019
call "D:\ProgramData\Microsoft\VisualStudio\IDE\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvarsall.bat" x64 10.0.18362.0

REM create build directory
if not exist %2 md %2

set compilerflags=/Od /Zi /EHsc /Fd%2\ /Fo%2\

set linkerflags=/OUT:%2\%3.exe

REM includes
set includes=
for %%i in (^
    third_party/SDL2-2.0.10/include,^
    third_party/ffmpeg-4.2-win64/include) do call :concat %%i

REM libs
set libs=^
    third_party/SDL2-2.0.10/lib/x64/SDL2main.lib^
    third_party/SDL2-2.0.10/lib/x64/SDL2.lib^
    third_party\ffmpeg-4.2-win64\lib\avformat.lib^
    third_party\ffmpeg-4.2-win64\lib\avcodec.lib^
    third_party\ffmpeg-4.2-win64\lib\avutil.lib

REM compile with msvc
cl.exe %compilerflags% %libs% %1 %includes% /link %linkerflags%

goto :eof

REM concat includes path
:concat
    set includes=%includes% /I %1
goto :eof