Django文件的上傳和數據顯示

前言

最近在做基於機器學習的預測系統，里面需要用到excel表格的上傳和顯示，在這把過程記錄一下

Excel文件的上傳

1. 在頁面中加入form表單

   <form method="POST" action="/index/" enctype="multipart/form-data">
     {% csrf_token %}
       <input class="form-control-file" type="file" name="Scores" accept=".xlsx, .xls"/>
       <input class="form-control-file" type="submit" value="上傳"/>
       {% if msg %}
         <span>
           {{msg}}
         </span>
       {% endif %}
   </form>
   

2. 修改應用文件夾中views.py文件

   首先導入用到的庫

   from os.path import isdir, dirname, join
   from os import mkdir
   from .settings import BASE_DIR
   

   接着增加上傳函數

   def upload(request):
       if request.method == 'POST':
           # 創建用來存儲上傳文件的文件夾
           uploadDir = BASE_DIR+'/upload'
           if not isdir(uploadDir):
               mkdir(uploadDir)
           # 獲取上傳的文件
           uploadedFile = request.FILES.get('Scores')
           if not uploadedFile:
               return render(request, 'index.html', {'msg':'沒有選擇文件'})
           if not uploadedFile.name.endswith('.xlsx'):
               if not uploadedFile.name.endswith('.xls'):
                   return render(request, 'index.html', {'msg':'必須選擇xlsx或xls文件'})
           # 上傳
           dstFilename = join(uploadDir, uploadedFile.name)
           with open(dstFilename, 'wb') as fp:
               for chunk in uploadedFile.chunks():
                   fp.write(chunk)
           context = {}
           context['msg'] = '上傳成功'
           return render(request, 'index.html', context)
       else:
           return render(request, 'index.html',{'msg':None})
   

3. 修改應用文件夾中的urls.py文件

   urlpatterns = [
    path('index/', views.upload,),
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
   ]
   

Excel文件的讀取與顯示

1. 首先在views.py文件中添加需要用到的庫

   import pandas as pd
   

   接着修改剛才的上傳函數

   def upload(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        # 創建用來存儲上傳文件的文件夾
        uploadDir = BASE_DIR+'/upload'
        if not isdir(uploadDir):
            mkdir(uploadDir)
        # 獲取上傳的文件
        uploadedFile = request.FILES.get('Scores')
        if not uploadedFile:
            return render(request, 'index.html', {'msg':'沒有選擇文件'})
        if not uploadedFile.name.endswith('.xlsx'):
            if not uploadedFile.name.endswith('.xls'):
                return render(request, 'index.html', {'msg':'必須選擇xlsx或xls文件'})
        # 上傳
        dstFilename = join(uploadDir, uploadedFile.name)
        with open(dstFilename, 'wb') as fp:
            for chunk in uploadedFile.chunks():
                fp.write(chunk)
        # 讀取excel文件並轉化為html格式
        pdData = pd.read_excel(dstFilename)
        pdhtml = pdData.to_html()
        context = {}
        context['form'] = pdhtml
        context['msg'] = '上傳成功'
        return render(request, 'index.html', context)
    else:
        return render(request, 'index.html',{'msg':None})
   

2. 最后在頁面中增加

    {% autoescape off %}
       {{form}}
    {% endautoescape %}
   

3. 執行命令，運行服務器，即可上傳文件並且將上傳的Excel表格顯示在網頁中了