ElasticSearch基本操作(安裝,索引的創建和刪除,映射)


ElasticSearch基於Lucene的搜索服務器,支持分布式,提供REST接口,可用於雲計算,可以實現實時搜索,開源免費。這時很官方的一句話,在使用之前,我們簡單的介紹一下安裝過程。在官網下載之后,直接解壓出來,找到bin文件夾下,運行elasticsearch.bat,運行后的結果如下:

程序的連接端口是9300,服務器的管理端口是9200。運行之后看結果,則在瀏覽器上輸入127.0.0.1:9200,顯示如下:

這樣表示es已啟動,為了更加直觀,可以安裝插件,即圖形化管理工具:下載esHead插件,解壓之后,放到 es的plugins文件夾下,文件名為head即可,后重啟服務器,輸入http://127.0.0.1:9200/_plugin/head,出現如下界面表示安裝插件成功:

安裝完成之后,下面簡單介紹索引的創建和刪除:

首先創建maven工程,引入相應的坐標:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.es.demo</groupId>
  <artifactId>elaticsearchdemo</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <name>elaticsearchdemo</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- ElasticSearch core -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
      <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
      <version>2.4.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.8.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.8.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
      <version>2.8.1</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>


  <build>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <!-- clean lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#clean_Lifecycle -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- default lifecycle, jar packaging: see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_jar_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- site lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#site_Lifecycle -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.7.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.0</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

然后創建測試類,創建客戶端對象,利用對象創建索引和刪除索引,代碼如下:

創建索引之后,可視化根據中出現:

表示索引成功,刪除索引代碼如上所示,同理。介紹完了索引的創建和刪除,下面看看es的映射規則是怎么操作的:

 


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