Spring Boot之配置文件值注入（@ConfigurationProperties）

前言：Spring Boot配置文件值的注入有兩種方式，分別是

1. @ConfigurationProperties
2. @Value

這里我們使用第一種

首先我們創建一個application.yml文件，里面寫入這樣一組數據

person:
    lastName: hello
    age: 18
    boss: false
    birth: 2017/12/12
    maps: {k1: v1,k2: 12}
    lists:
      - lisi
      - zhaoliu
    dog:
      name: 小狗
      age: 12

之后我們創建一個JavaBean

/**
 * 將配置文件中配置的每一個屬性的值，映射到這個組件中
 * @ConfigurationProperties：告訴SpringBoot將本類中的所有屬性和配置文件中相關的配置進行綁定；
 *      prefix = "person"：配置文件中哪個下面的所有屬性進行一一映射
 *
 * 只有這個組件是容器中的組件，才能容器提供的@ConfigurationProperties功能；
 *
 */
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
public class Person {

    private String lastName;
    private Integer age;
    private Boolean boss;
    private Date birth;

    private Map<String, Object> maps;
    private List<Object> lists;
    private Dog dog;

@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Person{" +
				"lastName='" + lastName + '\'' +
				", age=" + age +
				", boss=" + boss +
				", birth=" + birth +
				", maps=" + maps +
				", lists=" + lists +
				", dog=" + dog +
				'}';
	}

	public String getLastName() {
		return lastName;
	}

	public void setLastName(String lastName) {
		this.lastName = lastName;
	}

	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public Boolean getBoss() {
		return boss;
	}

	public void setBoss(Boolean boss) {
		this.boss = boss;
	}

	public Date getBirth() {
		return birth;
	}

	public void setBirth(Date birth) {
		this.birth = birth;
	}

	public Map<String, Object> getMaps() {
		return maps;
	}

	public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) {
		this.maps = maps;
	}

	public List<Object> getLists() {
		return lists;
	}

	public void setLists(List<Object> lists) {
		this.lists = lists;
	}

	public Dog getDog() {
		return dog;
	}

	public void setDog(Dog dog) {
		this.dog = dog;
	}
}

}

package com.drefore.springboot.domin;

public class Dog {
	private String name;
	private Integer age;

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Dog{" +
				"name='" + name + '\'' +
				", age=" + age +
				'}';
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
}

我們需要在pom文件中導入這段代碼，這樣當我們寫配置文件的時候會根據JavaBean來提示

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

在application入口測試類中進行測試，看能不能將配置文件的值注入到JavaBean中

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringBoot01ConfigApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    Person person;
    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
        System.out.println(person);
    }

}

Person{lastName='zhangsan', age=18, boss=false, birth=Tue Dec 12 00:00:00 CST 2017, maps={k1=v1, k2=12}, lists=[lisi, zhaoliu], dog=Dog{name='小狗', age=12}}

成功將數據注入進去，以上就是Spring Boot的配置文件值注入的全部內容

提示：將配置文件值注入到JavaBean中一定要加@Component注解