多線程異常處理
概念
多線程里面拋出的異常,會終結當前線程;但是不會影響別的線程;在工作中一般情況下,不僅需要捕獲到異常信息,還可能需要
去通知其他線程,這就涉及到另外一個概念線程取消
工作中常規建議:多線程的委托里面不允許異常,包一層try-catch,然后記錄下來異常信息,完成需要的操作。
模擬多線程捕獲異常代碼示例:
try { List<Task> taskList = new List<Task>(); for (int i = 0; i <20; i++) { string name = $"button1_Click_{i}"; taskList.Add(Task.Run(()=> { if (name.Equals("button1_Click_1")) { throw new Exception("button1_Click_1異常"); } else if (name.Equals("button1_Click_13")) { throw new Exception("button1_Click_13異常"); } Console.WriteLine($"This is {name}成功 ThreadId={Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")}"); })); } Task.WaitAll(taskList.ToArray());//1 可以捕獲到線程的異常 } catch (AggregateException are)//2 需要try-catch-AggregateException { foreach (var exception in are.InnerExceptions) { Console.WriteLine(exception.Message); } }
線程取消:
多線程並發任務,某個失敗后,希望通知別的線程,都停下來那么就可以使用線程取消。Thread.Abort--終止線程;向當前線程拋一個異常然后終結任務;
線程屬於OS資源,可能不會立即停下來。Task不能外部終止任務,只能自己終止自己。
線程取消步驟:
1 准備CancellationTokenSource ,CancellationTokenSource有個bool屬性IsCancellationRequested 初始化是false
調用Cancel方法后變成true(不能再變回去),可以重復cancel會取消線程。
2 try-catch(cancel) //此時cancel會為true
3 Action要隨時判斷IsCancellationRequested
4傳遞Token,在Task的Run方法里傳入CancellationTokenSource的Token //如果線程還沒啟動就不用啟動時,需要傳遞Token
#region 線程取消,捕獲異常時未啟動的線程就不要啟動 try { CancellationTokenSource cts = new CancellationTokenSource(); List<Task> taskList = new List<Task>(); for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) { string name = $"button1_Click_{i}"; taskList.Add(Task.Run(() => { try { if (!cts.IsCancellationRequested) { Console.WriteLine($"This is {name}成功開始 ThreadId={Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")}"); } Thread.Sleep(new Random().Next(50, 100)); if (name.Equals("button1_Click_1")) { cts.Cancel(); } else if (name.Equals("button1_Click_13")) { cts.Cancel(); } if (!cts.IsCancellationRequested) { Console.WriteLine($"This is {name}成功結束 ThreadId={Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")}"); } else { Console.WriteLine($"This is {name}中途停止 ThreadId={Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString("00")}"); return; } } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); cts.Cancel(); } },cts.Token)); } Task.WaitAll(taskList.ToArray());//1可以捕獲到線程的異常 } catch (AggregateException are)//2 需要try-catch-AggregateException { foreach (var exception in are.InnerExceptions) { Console.WriteLine(exception.Message); } } #endregion